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usr;f jrwfu&k t f yH g pmyd'k fawmfrsm;udkvnf; rdrd.q&m rdr. d *d% k ;f rS zGiqfh dkonft
h wdik ;f om a0zef apma=umcGihf r&Sd
vufcv H dkuef m&rnf [laom t,l jzpfayonf? xdt k ,l xd0k g'tm; us,fjyef@onfxx d uf us,fjyef@ap&ef bmom
a&; pmoifausmif;rsm;udk zGiv fh SpI
f tm;oGecf eG pf u
dk f v_y&f Sm;ayawmhonf? xdkbmoma&; pmoifausmif; tquf
qufonf tm%m&Sif tkycf sKyforl sm;tm; a0zefapma=umjcif; r&S/d tm%m&Sirf sm;. tvdak wmfustwdik ;f vlxkukd
a[m=um;cJI h / tm%m&Sirf sm;. xHrS axmufycHh suf rsKd ;pHu k dk enf;rsKd ;pHkjzifh &,lv#uf tm%mpufEiS fh olw@kd . oDt&kd D
rsm;udk aygi;f pyfum vlxt k m; oGefoifavawmhonf?

“rkomZvdu
k ”f ac: uk&t
f 0H g'Drsm; arS;rSed af ysmufu,
G o
f mG ;jcif
;jcif;

xdak cwfumv wav#mufwiG f uk&t f t

H wdki;f om &yfwnfaom “rkomZvdku”f rsm;rSm arS;rSed o
f Gm;cJ&h ayonf? &Hzef
&Hcg vlxk=um;wGif uk&t f yH g trSefw&m;udk zGifhqdk rdonfEiS fh xdo
k l@tm; “umz&f” "rRowfxwk fv#uf uGyrf suf ESyd f
uGyjf cif;rsm; cHc&Jh ayonf? odk@jzifh “rkomZvdu k f” uk&ft0H g'rD sm;onf acwfynmwwf vlwef;pm;rsm;=um;Y
ta&mifazsmufI ae&avawmhonf?

tm%m&S
tm%m&iS rf sm; ESpcf G ay:vpD

“rkomZvdku”f uk&t f H 0g'rD sm;taejzifh rlvqvifrsm; vdu k fem&ef uk&tf rH S ty tjcm;usrf;rsm;udk rjyKpkjcif;/ *k% d ;f
axmifI tjcm;*dk%;f rsm;ESifh +ydKifqdkirf _ r&Sjd cif;rsm;a=umifh t,l0g' wpfct k jzpf ud,k pf m;jyKaom tpPvmrf*% kd ;f [k r&Sd
cJah cs? olwdk@taejzifh uk&tf YH jyqdkaom oDt&dk rD sm;udk az:xkwfv#uf odyyH̀ nm/ yx0Dynm/ ocsmF ynm/ pD;yGm;a&;
ynmrsm;udkom az:xkwcf iG fh &cJhv#uf rlqvifrif; tqufquftm; t}uH^m%fay;Edik faom tqifhwiG fom &Sad ecJhay
onf? rkomZvdu k rf sm;u “atvif” qdkonfrmS ody/H̀ 0dZm… ynm&yftm;vH;k udk ac:onf [k zGiq fh dkI/ uk&t f Hukd
A[kjd yKv#uf pl;prf;&SmazG/ qef;ppfaom acwfynmausmif;rsm;udk zGicfh Jah yonf? tjcm;wbufwGirf l [m'D;pf 0g'rD sm;u
“atvif” qdo k nfrmS omoemhynmudkom ac:onf[k zGifhqv dk #uf omoemhynm [lonfh acgi;f pOfatmufY olw@kd
jyKpkaom usr;f rsm;udo k m *d%k ;f tvdkuf tm;oef&mrsm;udk oif=um;ydk@cscJhayonf?

tm%m&Sirf if;rsm;onf +rdK@jyvlwef;pm; wpf&yf twGuf rkomZvdu k rf sm;. ynma&; tawG;tac:rsm;udk ESpfouf
cJah yonf? odk@aomf xdpk Ofu +rdK@jy qdkonfrmS xdt
k m%m&Sif todik ;f t0dik ;f rsm;om }uD;pd;k xm;I/ [email protected];pOf ajr;
qufrsm;udo k m xdo k dk@aom wd;k wufonfh ynma&; pepfudk oif,al pum xdkvufwpfqyk pf m vlwef;pm;rS ty
tjcm;aom xkEiS fh xnfEiS fh &Sad om wdik f;oljynfom;wdk@tm; rsufuef; ynma&;xJYom &Sad eapvdak yonf? od@k jzpfI
rkomZvdu k frsm;. ynma&; pepfudk wpfwidk ;f jynfv;Hk tifyg,m wpfckv;Hk twGuf vH;k 0 tm;ray;onft h jyif vlxkxH
rS tca=u;aiGr,laom rkomZvdkurf sm;. ynma&;pepftm; vlxkxo H dk@ ra&mufEidk &f ef enf;rsKd ;pHjk zifh abmifcwf
xm;cJhayonf?

acwfpepfEiS fh urBmw h ;dk wufzGH@+zdK;r_ tcsed t

f cgt& acwfynmausmif;rsm;rSm +rdK@jytenf;i,fr#Yom zGiEfh ikd f &yfwnf
Edik +f yD; xdak cwfxt
dk cgu eef;awmfEiS afh 0;&m t&yfrsm;/ aus;vufa'orsm;wGif acwfynmausmif;rsm; ray:xGef;Edik cf Jh
acs? xdk@tjyif rkomZvdkurf sm;u uk&t f u H dk rk[rR'f aqmif=uOf; az:aqmifpOfumvu tca=u;aiG/ vpmrsm; ,lI
jzef@cscD Jhjcif;r[kw/f xdk@a=umifh rk[rR'. f 0g'tppfwiG f bmoma&; vkyfaqmifr/_ AvDq&mvkyaf qmifrt _ wGuf tc
a=u;aiG ,laqmifjcif;udk vufrcHcJhacs? odk@jzifh rkomZvdu k rf sm;onf rdrw
d dk@. pm;0wfaea&;twGuf 0efxrf;vkyfjcif;/

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ukeu
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d nf/h ukefu;l
oef;a&mif;0,fEdkijf cif; r&So
d nfh t&yfa'orsm;Y wGifus,fr_ tm;enf;cJhayonf?

bke;f }uD;ausmif; ynma&;pepf (r'N&q

f m)

rkomZvdu k frsm;twGuf tcuftcJq;Hk jyoemrSm acwfpepfyif jzpfonf? tm%m&Sif oufO;D qHyidk f bk&ifrsm; vuf
atmufY wdik ;f oljynfom; trsm;pk. b0rSm qif;&JrGJaw zGwb f ;dk at jzpfae&mum/ vlxt k aejzifh acwfynmoif
=um;jcif;udk rwwfEdkib f J “bke}f uD;ausmif; ynma&;pepf” xGe;f um;vmjcif;yif jzpfonf? qif;&Jom;xk jynfolwpf
&yfv;Hk taejzifh om;orD;rsm; ynmwwf&ef bmom omoemudk od&ef [laom acgi;f pOfatmufrS vnf;aumif;/
xde;f rEdik f odr;f r&aom om;orD;qd;k rsm;udk wpfpHkwpf&m jyKjyifajymif;vJ apthiH mS vnf;aumif;/ tcsKd @ tvGefqif;&J
aom rdom;pkrsm;uvnf; om;orD;wpfcsKd @tm; ausmif;odk@ ydk@xm;vdkufv#if tdrYf ukeu f sr_ wpfp&Hk m oufomonf
[lI vnf;aumif; om;orD;rsm;udk “bke;f }uD;ausmif; ynma&; pepf” r'N&q f m odk@ ydk@=uayonf?

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xHrS omoema&;aqmif&Gucf udk w&m;0if,lco
Jh nft
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tjzpfxlaxmifum vnfywfcJh=uonf? xdak usmif;rsm;wGif rkomZvdu k frsm;udk ausmif;q&m tjzpf cef@tyfjcif;rsm;
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avav jzpfv#uf xd[ k m'D;pf0g'}uD; atmufwiG f usrf;jrwfu&k t f rH mS acwftvdkuf em;vnf&jcif;/ odk@r[kwf tbd
"mefjzifh em;vnf&ef zwf&jcif;wnf; [lonfh tESpfom&rS wdraf um ysufp;D cJ&h v#uf- *d% k ;f wdk@. zGiqhf rdk a_ tmuf
wGifom epfreG ;f ae&um vlxk}uD; wpf&yfv;Hk vnf; rd;k arSmifusI oGm;&avawmh.?

(,ckacwf tcsdex
f d armfv0Dausmif;qif; rSefor#onf ‫ ِﺘﻜﻠﻴﺩ‬oufv;D 'f udk t"dy`g,f a&a&&m&m rodbJv#uf
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f ikd cf iG hf
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f .
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oH;k cJI
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jzpf&jcif;rSm olwdk@xlaxmifaom ausmif;rsm; a&&Snf vnfywfEidk f jzpfayonf?

olwdk@ xlaxmifaom ausmif;rsm;rSm vlxkxJrS axmufyahH iG/ 0wˆK/ ypPn;f rsm;jzifh vnfywf&jcif;a=umifh olw@kd tm;
vlxrk S v_csi/f 'ge;f csipf dwrf sm; jzpfvm&ef yk*K~d vfa&; ta&mifwifrr_ sm;/ olwdk@tm; v_'ge;f jcif;onf omoemtm;
v_'ge;f jcif; jzpfa=umif; ponfjzifh yk*K~d vfa&; qGJaqmifrr_ sm; vdt
k yfayonf?

xdo
k dk@ aqmif&u
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tu,fI Tausmif;awmf}uD; vnfywfaeygu qif;&Jom; uav;aygi;f rnfIrnfr#udk ynmoif=um;ay;Edik rf nf/
rdbrJu h av;aygif; rnfIrnfr#udk ulnaD pmifrEdik rf nf[o
l nfh apwemaumif;rsm; &Sad eayonf?

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odk@aomf xdak pwemaumif;rsm;. aemufu, G Yf qd;k usdK;w&m;rsm; &Sdaeonf[o l nfh tcsufudk ausmif;awmf0g'}D uD;
rsm; owdxm;rd[ef r&Sad cs? uk&tf uH dk tajcrcHbJ *d% k ;f *%wdk@. tm;oef&m vufpGJ [m'D;pfrsm;udo k m tajccHI
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& [kvnf;aumif;/ tjcm;*dk%;f rsm; jzpfaom [EMz/D rmvDu/D [rfAvD *d% k ;f rsm;uvnf; tvm;wl "rRowfrsm; xkwf
I vnf;aumif; tcsi;f csi;f t}uD;tus,f &efo}l uD;rsm; yrm jzpfvmawmhonf?
qGEMD [lonfh acgif;pOfay:vmjcif; ESifh rkomZvdu
k w
f dk@. ed*;Hk

xdok dk@ rlqvif nDaemifrsm; jrifraumif; &_raumif;&ef *d% k ;f rsm; uGJjym;aeonfudk jyefvnf pyf[yf&ef }udK;yrf;olrsm;
vnf; ay:aygucf Jhayonf/ xdo k rl sm;teuf txif&mS ; yk*K~d vfrmS atref t&S&f jD zpfI at'D 935 ESpfwiG f “qEM”D
[lonfh a0g[m&udk wDxiG v f #uf *d% k t
f m;vHk;udk jyefvnf &if=um;aphEidk fco Jh nf? atref t&S&f o D nf “rkomZvdku”f
rsm;udv k nf; acgif;pOfwpf&yfjzifh oD;jcm;raeapbJ [m'D;pfrsm;udk vufcaH om olrsm;tm; qGeef wfawmfukd vufc H
aom olrsm;[k todtrSwfjyKay;&ef n‡Ed _di;f aqmif&u G f Edik cf JhI/ tjcm;wbufwGif uGJaeaom *dk%;f rsm;udkvnf; rnf
onfh *d% k ;f udk rqdk vufcHxm;Edik fonf/ xd*k dk%;f wpfcck kudk vufcx H m;olonf tjcm; *d% k ;f . &eforl [kwf olonf
vnf; qGEyMD if jzpfonf[k vufcaH p&ef pnf;&H;k Edkicf aJh yonf? odk@jzifh rkomZvdkurf sm;rSm qGE[ MD al om acgi;f pOfatmufY
acgi;f pOfaysmufomG ;cJah yonf? xdak cwf xdt k csed rf S pI aemufxyfaom [m'D;pf t,lopfrsm;udk vufcHjcif;/
uk&t f t H m; rnfr#yif wwfajrmufapumrl *d% k ;f wpf*dk%;f . zGiq fh jdk cif;xuf ausmfveG I
f zGiqfh dk bmomjyefjcif;rsm;udk
jyKvkycf iG fh r&Sad wmhacs? tvm;wlyif [m'D;pf0g'rD sm;[lonfh acgi;f pOfonfvnf; ikwfv#Kd ;om;cJ&h awmhonf?

uk&t
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ay:aygufvmjcif;

uk&t
f .
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[m'D;pfac: [m'D;pf0g'Drsm;qdo k nfh acgif;pOfrsm; r&Sad wmhacs? odk@aomf xl;jcm;onfrmS uk&t f H jzpfaeayonf? [m'D;pf
udk vufrcHorl sm;u [m'D;pfqdkonfudk jywfjywfom;om; qef@usiaf 0zef y,fcsEidk af omfvnf; [m'D;pf0g'Drsm;url
uk&t f 0H g'rD sm;udk enf;rsKd ;pHk ykwcf wfpyG pf GJaomfvnf; olwdk@. [m'D;pfusrf;rsm; touf0ifae&efrSm uk&t f Honf r&Sd
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d #if olwdk@ ausmif;raxmifEidk /f *d% k ;f wnfaqmufI r&Edik /f [mzZf
oifwef;rsm; jyKvkyI f r&Edik f jzpf&ayonf/ olwdk@. [m'D;pfusr;f wpfcw k nf;udk ta=umif;jyI rnfonfh bmoma&;
ausmif;rS &SifoefciG fh r&Edik af y? xdu k &k t
f t H m; ta=umif;jyI vlxt k m; pnf;&H;k &+yD;/ uk&tf Hjzifhom rlqvifwk@d . ESv;kH
om;udk zrf;pm;xm;Edik af yonf?

xdtk csufudk odxm;aom tpPvmrfacgi;f pOf atmufrS *d% k ;f q&m}uD;rsm;/ tpPvmrf r[kwaf om olrsm;rS omomem
jyKrsm;onf urBmth &yf&yf&Sd vlrsKd ; tzHzk x
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f t
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rnfodk@qdak p rl&if; uk&t f u

H dkum; rnfolonfrS rxdrwdk@&J jzpfc&Jh onft h wGuf bmomjyefq&dk mYom t,ltqrsm;
udk tpmoGyEf idk cf +Jh yD;- tm&fArD &l if; uk&t
f u
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toufrJhaeaom usr;f pmtkyfwpftyk f tjzpf yHkoiG ;f cJh=uayonf? rsm;pGmaom tpPvmrf qef@usiaf &; orm;rsm;u
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vSr;f rS&D m pmayrsm;udk rsm;pGm avhvmcJhawmhonf? olwdk@ avhvmcJhaom pmayrsm;wGif c&pf,mef orRusr;f pmESihf
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a&mufvmcJhawmhonf?

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rlqvif ynmwwfrsKd ;csprf sm;u uk&t f H wpftyk fwnf;udkom vufcv H monft h jyif-

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