% Q1: Solve the linear equations

% 2x+3y+4z=1
% 4x+5y+ z=2
% 5x+6y+7z=3
clc;clear all;close all;
syms x1 x2 x3
eq1 = 2*x1 +3*x2 +4*x3-1;
eq2 = 4*x1 +5*x2+x3-2;
eq3 = 5*x1+6*x2+7*x3-3;
sol = solve(eq1,eq2,eq3);
double(sol.x1)
double(sol.x2)
double(sol.x3)
%

OUTPUT

% x=
% 1.0667
% y=
% -0.4667
% z=
% 0.0667

% Q2 : A voltage source of 120 V with an internal resistance of 50 ohm

% is supplying a load resistance RL.Find the value of RL that will result
% in maximum possible power being supplied by the source to the load .How
% much power be supplied to the load as a function of load resistance RL?
clc;
close all;
clear all;
V=120;
Rs=50;
RL=0:1:75;
I=V./(Rs+RL);
Power=(I.*I).*RL;
plot(RL,Power);
xlabel('RL');
ylabel('Power');
title('Power vs RL');
[Max_power,RLindex_maxp]=max(Power);
disp('Value of RL for maximum power transfer');
disp(RL(RLindex_maxp));
disp('Maximum power transferred:');
disp(Max_power);

OUTPUT

% Value of RL for maximum power transfer

% 50
% Maximum power transferred:
% 72
OUTPUT

% Q3 : Write a matlab script file to generate & plot a sequence c*u(-n-n0) where c=2 ,n0=3
clc;
close all;
clear all;
n=-10:1:10;
u=stepfun(n,3);
u_n=fliplr(u);
f=2*u_n;
stem(n,f);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y');
title('y=2u(-n-3)');
OUTPUT

% Q4 : Plot g(n)=A(a^n)u(n) for A=10,a=0.9 for -10<=n<=20

clc;
clear all;
close all;
n=-10:1:20;
u=stepfun(n,0);
y=10*(0.9.^n).*u
stem(n,y);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y');
title('y=A(a^n)u(n) for A=10,a=0.9');
OUTPUT

%Q5 A first order circuit with unit impulse response h(t)=exp(-t)u(t) is

%subjected to a ramp voltage of x(t)=tu(t).Assume a sampling interval of
%T=0.01 sec.Obtain y(t) at t=1 sec.
clc;
close all;
clear all;
t=0:0.01:1;
u=stepfun(t,0);
h=exp(-t).*u;
x=t.*u;
y=0.01*conv(x,h);
n=0:0.01:2;
disp('y(t) at t=1 is');
plot(n,y);
xlabel('t');
ylabel('y(t)=x(t)*h(t)');
title('y(t)=x(t)*h(t) where x(t)=e^-t*u(t),h(t)=t*u(t)');

OUTPUT
y(t) at t=1 is
0.3729

% Q6 : Write a program that plots the frequency response of a first order system
% H(z)=1/(1-0.8z^-1)
a=[1];% numerator co-efficient
b=[1 -.8];% denominator co-efficient
freqz(b,a);%plot response

OUTPUT

%Q7 For 0<=n<=10,plot the following discrete time signals in a single window
% unit step,exponential,sinusoidal,unit impulse
%Unit Step
clc;clear all;close all;
N=10;
x1=ones(1,N);
n=0:1:N-1;
subplot(2,2,1),stem(n,x1);
title('Unit Step Sequence');
%Exponenetial
x2=.6.^(n);
subplot(2,2,2);
stem(n,x2);
Title('Exponential');
%Sinusoidal
x3=.2*cos(.3*pi*n);
subplot(2,2,3),stem(n,x3);
title('Sinusoidal');
%Unit Impulse
x4=ones(1,1);
subplot(2,2,4),stem(x4);
Title('Unit Impulse');
OUTPUT

%Q8 A rectangular pulse x(n)=u(n)-u(n-10) be an input to an LTI system with

% impulse response h(n)=0.9^n*u(n).Determine y(n).Plot x(n),h(n)& y(n)
clc;
close all;
clear all;
n=0:30;
u=stepfun(n,0);
u_10=stepfun(n,10);
x=u-u_10;
h=(0.9.^n).*u;
y=conv(x,h);
l=0:60;
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(n,x,'k');
title('x(n)=u(n)-u(n-10)');
ylabel('x(n)');
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(n,h,'k');
title('h(n=0.9^n*u(n))');
ylabel('h(n)');
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(l,y,'k');
title('y(n)=x(n)*h(n)');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y(n)');

% Q9 : A sine wave of frequency 500 Hz is sampled at a frequency of

% 5000 Hz.Evaluate its autocorrelation and crosscorrelation,and plot its power spectral density
clc;
close all;
clear all;
num=input('No of cycles');
shift=input('Phase shift(in degree)');
n=0:0.2:2*num;
x=sin(2*pi*n*0.5);
subplot(3,3,1);
plot(n,x);
title('sampled signal');
xlabel('n(ms)');
ylabel('x=sin(2pi*f*n)');
autocorrelation=xcorr(x);
n_new=0:0.2:(2*num*2);
subplot(3,3,2);
stem(n_new,autocorrelation);title('Autocorrelation');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('acorr(x)');
shift=shift*pi/180;
y=sin(2*pi*n*0.5 + shift);
subplot(3,3,3);
plot(n,y);title('Shifted signal');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y=sin(2pi*f*n+phi)');
crosscorr=xcorr(x,y);
subplot(3,3,4);
plot(n_new,crosscorr);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('crosscorr(x,y)');
subplot(3,3,5);pxx = psd(x);plot(pxx);xlabel('Frequency');ylabel('Power');title('PSD');
OUTPUT

% Q10 :Design a 1024 tapped FIR filter with cutoff frequency of pi/2 and
% plot the requency response
clc;
close all;
clear all;
b = 0.5*sinc(0.5*(-512:512));
b = b.*hamming(1025)';
fvtool(b,1);
OUTPUT

% Q11 : A digital filter given as

%
y(n)-2.56y(n-1)+2.22y(n-2)-0.65y(n-3)=x(n)+x(n-3)
% (a)Generate a sinusoid x(n) of 500 Hz sampled at 6 KHz.Compute the output
% using filter and plot input and output on the same graph
% (b)Plot the impulse response of the filter with impz function
% (c)Generate xnew(n) as sum of 500 Hz and 1500 Hz sin wave,sampled at 6 KHz.
% (d)Plot the response with xnew(n)
clc;clear all;
a=[1 -2.56 2.22 -.65]%co-efficients of y
b=[1 0 0 1];%co-efficients of x;
n=0:1:64;
x=sin(2*pi*(500/6000)*n);%x=sin(2*pi*(f/fs)*n); n=number of samples
y=filter(b,a,x);%implement filter
subplot(2,3,1);
plot(x);title('Input Signal');
subplot(2,3,2);
plot(y);title('Output Signal');
subplot(2,3,3);
impz(b,a,64);%calculate impulse respone,64 is the number of samples
t=0:(1/6000):200/6000;
x1=sin(2*pi*500*t)+sin(2*pi*1500*t);
subplot(2,3,4);plot(t,x1);xlabel('Samples');title('sampled at 6000 Hz');
y1=filter(b,a,x1);
subplot(2,3,5);
plot(y1);title('Output through Filter');
OUTPUT

% Q12 : Design an average filter

%
y(n)=0.05[x(n)+x(n-1)+...+x(n-19)]
% (a)Generate 200 samples of 1 Hz sinewave sampled at 40 Hz.
% (b)Now,add Gaussian noise to (a).
% (c)Filter the noisy signal through 20 point moving average filter.
% (d)Plot each signal.
clc;
clear all;
a=[1];
b=.05*[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ];
n=0:1:200;
x=sin(2*pi*(1/40)*n);
subplot(2,3,1);
plot(x);title('Input Signal');
y=awgn(x,-1);
subplot(2,3,2);
plot(y);title('Input Siganl with -.1 dB Noise');
x1=filter(b,a,y);
subplot(2,3,3);
plot(x1);title('Filtered Input + Noise');
% impz(b,a,64);%calculate impulse respone,64 is the number of samples
% t=0:(1/6000):200/6000;
% x1=sin(2*pi*500*t)+sin(2*pi*1500*t);
% subplot(2,3,4);plot(t,x1);xlabel('Samples');title('sampled at 6000 Hz');
% y1=filter(b,a,x1);
% subplot(2,3,5);
% plot(y1);title('Output through Filter');
OUTPUT

%Q13 Write a program to perform linear convolution of x(n)={1,0,2,3,4} &

% h(n)={1,2,3} without using conv() function
clc;
close all;
clear all;
x=[1,0,2,3,4];
n=0:6;
h=[3,2,1,zeros(1,4)];
x1=[zeros(1,2),1,0,2,3,4];
disp('x(n)*h(n)=');
for n=1:7
y(n)=[0];
for k=1:7
y(n)=y(n)+h(k)*x1(k);
end
disp(y(n));
h=circshift(h,[0,1]);
end
%
OUTPUT
% x(n)*h(n)=
%
1
%
2
%
5
%
7
% 16
% 17
% 12

% Qsn_14 : Write a program to solve the roots of a quadratic equation

disp('Coefficients of the quadratic eqn:ax^2+bx+c=0');
a=input('a :');
b=input('b :');
c=input('c :');
d=b*b-4*a*c;
if d==0
disp('Roots are real and equal');
r1=-b/(2*a);
r2=r1;
else
if d<0
disp('Roots are imaginary and distinct');
else
disp('Roots are real and distinct');
end
end
delta=sqrt(d);
r1=(-b+delta)/(2*a);
r2=(-b-delta)/(2*a);
disp('Roots=');
disp(r1)
disp(r2)
%
OUTPUT
% CASE 1 :
% Coefficients of the quadratic eqn:ax^2+bx+c=0
% a :1
% b :2
% c :1
% Roots are real and equal
% Roots=
% -1
% -1
% CASE 2 :
% a :1
% b :-5
% c :6
% Roots are real and distinct
% Roots=
%
3
%
2
% CASE 3
% a :1
% b :1
% c :1
% Roots are imaginary and distinct
% Roots=
% -0.5000 + 0.8660i
% -0.5000 - 0.8660i

% Q15 : Create two figures of y1=e^x and y2=e^-x in the same graph for the same
%
values of x;
clc;
close all;
clear all;
t=-10:0.1:10;
y1=exp(t);
y2=exp(-t);
plot(t,y1,t,y2);
xlabel('x');
OUTPUT