Determining Engine Condition
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Dani-meganeboyDetermining Engine Condition
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Dani-meganeboyDETERMINING ENGINE CONDITION
COMBUSTION CHAMBER EFFICIENCY
AFFECTED BY:
AIR/FUEL MOVEMENT COMBUSTION TURBULENCE INTAKE DESIGN EGR COMBUSTION CHAMBER DESIGN
MANUAL COMPRESSION TESTING (CYL. SEALING)
EASIEST MANUAL TEST IS A VACUUM TEST EACH CYLINDER IS A INDIVIDUAL AIR PUMP THERE MUST BE A GOOD CYLINDER SEAL TO HAVE GOOD VACUUM ANY CYLINDER LEAK WILL SHOW ON VACUUM GAUGE
VACUUM
C24-25
Measured in Inches of Mercury (Hg) A Reduction of 1 inch of vacuum per 1000 feet increase in altitude Pounds Per Square Inch Absolute (PSIA) Air moves rapidly from a High pressure to a low pressure
VACUUM TESTING PROCEDURES
L138
CRANKING VACUUM IDLE VACUUM IDLE THROTTLE ANGLE CHECK 2500 RPM VACUUM PISTON RING TEST IDLE/DRIVE TEST CRUISE TEST VAC AT W.O.T. AND AFTER W.O.T.
TYPICAL VACUUM READINGS
CRANKING VACUUM 3-5 IDLE VACUUM 18 IDLE THROTTLE ANGLE 0 2500 RPM VACUUM 20 VAC TEST PROCEDURE CAN IDENTIFY POTENTIAL PROBLEMS COMPRESSION TEST CAN PINPOINT
COMPRESSION TESTING
READING COMPRESSION GAUGE
1ST PUFF - SHOULD BE 50% OF FINAL PUFF (INDICATOR OF CYLINDER WALL AND RINGS) ALL READINGS UNIFORM IF REAL HIGH - CARBON BUILD-UP IF CHANGE ON ONE CYL - POSSIBLE STICKING VALVE
COMPRESSION AND VACUUM
BOTH REQUIRE GOOD CYLINDER SEAL LACK OF CYLINDER SEAL WILL PREVENT PRESSURE TO RISE HIGH ENOUGH TO IGNITE THE MIXTURE COMPRESSION & VAC TEST INDICATES CYLINDER SEAL, RUNNING COMPRESSION TEST INDICATES VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY
CYLINDER BALANCE
MANUAL CYLINDER BALANCE
SHORTING PLUG ONE BY ONE TIME CONSUMING DONT OPEN CIRCUIT SECONDARY CIRCUIT WILL PINPOINT LOW POWER OUTPUT OF A CYLINDER
OTHER CYLINDER BALANCE TESTS
ELECTRONICALLY PERFORMED BY ENGINE ANALYZER
CRANKING TEST AMPS PER CYLINDER RELATIVE COMPRESSION
CYLINDER CONTRIBUTION
FUEL DISTRIBUTION DUAL PLANE SINGLE PLANE LOW RISE HIGH RISE
COMPUTER CONTROLLED ENGINE POWER BALANCE
DISCONNECT O2 SENSOR INITIAL TIMING MODE DISCONNECT EGR STABILIZE MAP IF APPLICABLE STABILIZE FUEL PRESSURE STABILIZE IDLE CONTROL PREFERRED TEST RPM 800-1200 RPM
VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY
MANUAL TEST OF VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY
CAN
TEST AT:
CRANKING IDLE SNAP ACCELERATION
CRANKING COMPRESSION TEST
SLOW CRANKSHAFT SPEED/CYLINDER COMPLETELY FILLS/ HIGH COMPRESSION CHECK OVERALL MECHANICAL CONDITION CHECKS FOR LEAKS
IDLING COMPRESSION
AIR RESTRICTED BY THROTTLE PLATE CRANKSHAFT SPEED 4 TO 5 TIMES CRANKING SPEED LESS AIR ENTERING CYL PER ENGINE CYCLE TYPICALLY 50 TO 60 PSI
CONT NEXT SLIDE
IDLE TEST, CONTD
MUST BURP GAUGE IF RPM BROUGHT UP SLOWLY TO 1500 RPM, PRESSURE GOES DOWN TO ABOUT 40 PSI. NO MANUFACTURERS SPEC COMPARE WITH OTHER CYLINDERS
QUICKLY SNAP-OPEN THROTTLE, THIS REMOVES THROTTLE PLATE RESTRICTION READINGS SHOULD INCREASE TO 80% OF CRANKING COMPRESSION HIGH READING:RESTRICTION IN EXHAUST OR VALVE TRAIN LOW READINGS: RESTRICTED INTAKE OR CARBON ON VALVE
SNAP ACCELERATION
LAB EXERCISE
VACUUM TESTS CYLINDER BALANCE
SEVERAL METHODS
