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Diversity Factor in Distribution Network

Diversity factors are used to account for the fact that peak loads on different parts of an electrical distribution system do not occur simultaneously. Lower diversity factors are used between individual users, while higher factors are used for larger aggregations of load like at the transformer and generating station levels. Diversity factors vary based on properties like the type of load, number of circuits, and for things like apartment buildings, the number of apartments. Diversity and demand factors are both used in designing the proper size for electrical switchgear, feeders, and transformers by calculating maximum demand loads at different points on the system.

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Shrikant Kajale
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177 views3 pages

Diversity Factor in Distribution Network

Diversity factors are used to account for the fact that peak loads on different parts of an electrical distribution system do not occur simultaneously. Lower diversity factors are used between individual users, while higher factors are used for larger aggregations of load like at the transformer and generating station levels. Diversity factors vary based on properties like the type of load, number of circuits, and for things like apartment buildings, the number of apartments. Diversity and demand factors are both used in designing the proper size for electrical switchgear, feeders, and transformers by calculating maximum demand loads at different points on the system.

Uploaded by

Shrikant Kajale
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Diversity Factor in distribution Network:

Elements of System Between individual users

Diversity Factors Residential Commercial 2.00 1.46 1.30 1.15 1.10 1.46 1.90 2.18 2.40 General Lar e Power !ndustrial 1.45 1.35 1.15 1.10 1.44 1.95 2.24 2.46 1.15 1.32 1.45 1.05 1.05 1.10

Between 1.30 transformers Between feeders Between substations 1.15 1.10

From users to 2.00 transformers From users to 2.60 feeder From users to 3.00 substation From users to generating 3.29 station

Diversity Factor for distribution switc"boards: Number of circuits Assemblies entirel tested 2 and 3 4 and 5 6 to 9 10 and more Assemblies "artiall tested in ever #ase #$oose Diversity Factor #ks$ 0.9 0.8 0.! 0.6 1

Diversity Factor for accordin

to circuit function #!EC %&'()$: Diversity Factor #ks$ 0.9 0.8 0.! 1 0.8

Circuits Function %ig$ting &eating and air #onditioning 'o#(et)outlets %ifts and #atering $oist For t$e most "owerful motor For all motors

For t$e se#ond most "owerful motor 0.!5

Diversity Factor for an a*artment block: +*artment 2 *o 4 5*o 19 10*o 14 15*o 19 20*o 24 25*o 29 30 *o 34 35 *o 39 40*o 40 50 *o Above

Diversity Factor #ks$ 1 0.!8 0.63 0.53 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.40

E,am*le+ 5 store a"artment building wit$ 25 #onsumers, ea#$ $aving 6 (-A of installed load. *$e total installed load for t$e building is+ 36 . 24 . 30 . 36 . 24 / 150 (-A *$e a""arent)"ower su""l re0uired for t$e building is+ 150 1 0.46 / 69 (-A 2t is a matter of #ommon e1"erien#e t$at t$e simultaneous o"eration of all installed loads of a given installation never o##urs in "ra#ti#e, i.e. t$ere is alwa s some degree of diversit and t$is fa#t is ta(en into a##ount for estimating "ur"oses b t$e use of a simultaneit fa#tor 3 4iversit Fa#tor 5(s6. *$e 4iversit fa#tor (s is a""lied to ea#$ grou" of loads 5e.g. being su""lied from a distribution or sub)distribution board6. *$e determination of t$ese fa#tors is t$e res"onsibilit of t$e designer, sin#e it re0uires a detailed (nowledge of t$e installation and t$e

#onditions in w$i#$ t$e individual #ir#uits are to be e1"loited. For t$is reason, it is not "ossible to give "re#ise values for general a""li#ation. Desi nin Si-e of Electrical Switc" ear by use of Demand Factor and Diversity Factor:

4iversit fa#tors are used b utilities for distribution transformer si7ing and load "redi#tions. 4emand fa#tors are more #onservative and are used b 89: for servi#e and feeder si7ing. 4emand fa#tors and diversit fa#tors are used in design. For e1am"le, t$e sum of t$e #onne#ted loads su""lied b a feeder is multi"lied b t$e demand fa#tor to determine t$e load for w$i#$ t$e feeder must be si7ed. *$is load is termed t$e ma1imum demand of t$e feeder. *$e sum of t$e ma1imum demand loads for a number of sub feeders divided b t$e diversit fa#tor for t$e sub feeders will give t$e ma1imum demand load to be su""lied b t$e feeder from w$i#$ t$e sub feeders are derived. E,am*le./: 'u""ose ;e $ave four individual feeder)#ir#uits wit$ #onne#ted loads of 250 (-A, 200 (-A, 150 (-A and 400 (-A and demand fa#tors of 90<, 80<, !5< and 85< res"e#tivel .=se a diversit fa#tor of 1.5. :al#ulating demand for feeder)#ir#uits o 250 (-A 1 90< / 225 (-A o 200 (-A 1 80< / 160 (-A o 150 (-A 1 !5< / 112.5 (-A o 400 (-A 1 85< / 340 (-A o 83!.5 (-A o *$e sum of t$e individual demands is e0ual to 0(123 k4+2 o 2f t$e main feeder)#ir#uit were si7ed at unit diversit + (-A / 83!.5 (-A > 1.00 / 83!.5 (-A. o *$e main feeder)#ir#uit would $ave to be su""lied b an 03& k4+ transformer. o &owever, using t$e diversit fa#tor of 1.5, t$e (-A / 83!.5 (-A > 1.5 / 558 (-A for t$e main feeder. o For diversit fa#tor of 1.5, a %&& k4+ transformer #ould be used.

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