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Biosensors: Definition: Components Generations

This document defines a biosensor as an analytical device that analyzes biological signals and converts them into electrical signals to monitor environmental changes. It has three main components: a biocatalyst like immobilized enzymes or microorganisms, a transducer like a photcell, and an amplifier and data processor. There are three generations of biosensors based on how the reaction signal is conveyed to the transducer. Biosensors can be electrochemical, piezoelectric, or amperometric and are used for applications like glucose monitoring in diabetics, medical testing, environmental monitoring, and DNA analysis. Though biosensors have limitations, they also provide many benefits and are an emerging technology.

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22 views1 page

Biosensors: Definition: Components Generations

This document defines a biosensor as an analytical device that analyzes biological signals and converts them into electrical signals to monitor environmental changes. It has three main components: a biocatalyst like immobilized enzymes or microorganisms, a transducer like a photcell, and an amplifier and data processor. There are three generations of biosensors based on how the reaction signal is conveyed to the transducer. Biosensors can be electrochemical, piezoelectric, or amperometric and are used for applications like glucose monitoring in diabetics, medical testing, environmental monitoring, and DNA analysis. Though biosensors have limitations, they also provide many benefits and are an emerging technology.

Uploaded by

s.v.k.raja
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOSENSORS

Definition: analytical device that analyze the biological signal and converts it into electrical signal - monitors the changes in environment. om!onents: biocatalyst "immobilized enzymes# micro organisms$# transd%cer "!hoto cell$# am!lifier# data !rocessor# digital recorder. &enerations: 'here are three so-called (generations( of biosensors) *irst generation biosensors +here the normal !rod%ct of the reaction diff%ses to the transd%cer and ca%ses the electrical res!onse# second generation biosensors +hich involve s!ecific (mediators( bet+een the reaction and the transd%cer in order to generate im!roved res!onse# and third generation biosensors +here the reaction itself ca%ses the res!onse and no !rod%ct or mediator diff%sion is directly involved. 'y!es: electrochemical biosensor - !eizo electric biosensor# am!erometric
biosensor - am!erometric gl%cose biosensor# thermistor containing biosensor imm%nosensor.

Role: gl%cose monitoring in diabetic !atients , am!erometric gl%cose biosensor# medical health related targets , medical telesensors# determining the level of to-ic s%bstances before and after bioremediation , biore!orters# detection of !athogens , miniat%rized devices# DN. analysis , identifies organisms# cancer and health abnormalities. oncl%sion: tho%gh it has limitations li/e short life time# limited %nderstanding of
a!!licability to higher organisms and !erformance de!end on environment of !roced%re# there are many benefits. 0ence it is an %!coming technology.

Reference:. 'e-tboo/ of Biotechnology +++.ornl.org

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