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Chipko Movement - Final

The Chipko movement was a non-violent movement begun in the 1970s in India to protect trees and forests from being cut down. Led by village women, the movement involved people literally hugging trees to prevent them from being cut. It spread across the Himalayan region and was successful in establishing bans on tree felling. Key figures included Gaura Devi, Chandi Prasad Bhatt, and Sundarlal Bahuguna who advocated for environmental protection and reforestation. The movement highlighted the importance of forests for local livelihoods and the environment.

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6K views32 pages

Chipko Movement - Final

The Chipko movement was a non-violent movement begun in the 1970s in India to protect trees and forests from being cut down. Led by village women, the movement involved people literally hugging trees to prevent them from being cut. It spread across the Himalayan region and was successful in establishing bans on tree felling. Key figures included Gaura Devi, Chandi Prasad Bhatt, and Sundarlal Bahuguna who advocated for environmental protection and reforestation. The movement highlighted the importance of forests for local livelihoods and the environment.

Uploaded by

lattymba
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHIPKO MOVEMENT

Foot March for Chipko Movement


Meeting for Chipko Movement
INTRODUCTION
• The Chipko movement was started to prevent the
cutting of trees.

• Against those people, who were destroying the


natural resources of the forests

• Chipko Movement aimed at protection and


conservation of trees and forests from being destroyed.
HISTORY
• Birth place - Gopeshwar in District Chamoli
in 1973

• First Chipko action


March 1974 in Reni
village.
HISTORY

• Spread throughout the Uttaranchal Himalayas by the end


of the decade.

• Based on the Gandhian philosophy

• The name of the Chipko moment originated from the


word ‘embrace’
Major people in the Chipko Movement

• Village women
• Amrita Devi
• Gaura Devi
• Chandi Prasad Bhatt
• Sundarlal Bahuguna
Women’s Participation
• Mass participation of female villagers and their children
• Women were most directly affected by environmental
degradation and deforestation.
• Key women leaders were Gaura Devi, Sudesha Devi,
Bachni Devi, Dev Suman, Mira Behn, Sarala Behn and
Amrita Devi.
• Women formed human chains across roads to prevent
contractors from reaching the forest area.

• Women have fought against the deforestation. They


have prevented the contractors from felling the trees.
Children as Mediators

• Children act as mediators for Chipko


Movement to take the message home
and spread to their parents.
Gaura Devi
• Head of the village Mahila Mangal Dal.

• Mobilized village women for the movement when


company men marched to cut the trees.

• Gaura Devi stood on way and declared:

“The forest nurtures us like a mother; you will only be able


to use your axes on it but you have to use them first on
us.”
Chandi Prasad Bhatt
• A leader within the Chipko movement.
• Educate villagers among the Himalayan Mountains.
• Bhatt’s teachings focus on the protection of the
Himalayan Mountains from deforestation.
• Organized rallies to protect the forest from mass
destruction.
“Let them know we will not allow the
felling of a single tree. When their men
raise their axes, we will embrace the
trees to protect them.”

- Chandi Prasad Bhatt


Sundarlal Bahuguna
• He has contributed globally through awareness
raising measures concerning deforestation.
• He was one of the first people to stop the construction
of the Tehri Dam.
• Bahuguna understood the need for protecting the
environment by taking foot marches.

• He suggested that the villagers must replant what they


cut.
Importance of Tehri Dam
• Tehri Dam,a major hydroelectric project centered
near Tehri Town.

• Final installed capacity of 2000 MW

• Additional irrigation to 270,000 hectares


• Stabilization to existing irrigation on 600,000
hectares

• 270 million gallons of drinking water per day to


Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi.
Why not Tehri Dam ???
• Tehri Dam- object of active protestation by
environmental organizations and local people.

• Reasons for Protestation:

• The relocation of more than 100,000 people


.
• It is located in the Central Himalayan Seismic Gap.

• This region was the site of a 6.8 magnitude earthquake.


• The dam-break would submerge numerous towns
whose populations total near half a million.

• The intention of the Dams was to divert water flow to


New Delhi.

• This will lead to reduction of water supply in


mountain villagers.
• The villages get water supply of only 4 liters per
family.

• Moreover the protestors claim that it will uproot trees


and pose a flood threat.
Why Chipko Movement
• The forests of India are a critical resource for the
livelihood of rural peoples throughout the country.

• These forests have been increasingly felled for


commerce and industry.
• If the Himalayas are not saved all of India will be
turned in to a desert.

• Fodder will not be available.


• There will be Soil Erosion and land slides.
• Indian villagers have sought to protect their
livelihoods through the Gandhian method.

• This resistance to the destruction of forests spread


throughout India and became organised.

• Known as the Chipko Movement.


• Deforestation is a severe problem in northern India.

• Local people have come together to prevent commercial


timber harvesting.

• Subsistence agriculture provided women the necessary


nutrients needed to feed their families.

• Uttarakhand has moved away from subsistence-oriented


peasant economy to a dependent on outside remittances
to live.
Slogan of Chipko Moment
• “ What do the forest bear? Soil
,water and pure air”
Embrace the tree
and save them from being
felled;
the properties of our hills,
save them from being looted.
And,
“Ecology is permanent
economy.”
Another one said ….
• “Let us protect and plant the trees
Go awaken the villages
And drive away the axe man”
Success of the Chipko Movement
• Ban on cutting the trees for the 15 years in the forests of
Uttar Pradesh in 1980.

• Later on the ban was imposed in Himachal Pardesh,


Karnataka, Rajasthan, Bihar, Western Ghats and
Vindhayas.

• More than 1,00,000 trees have been saved from


excavation.

• It generated pressure for a natural resource policy


which is more sensitive to people's needs and ecological
requirements.
• Afterward environmental awareness increased
dramatically in India.

• New methods of forest farming have been developed,


both to conserve the forests and create employment.

• By 1981, over a million trees had been planted


through their efforts.

• Villagers paid special attention in care of the trees


and forest trees are being used judiciously.
• The forest department has opened some nursery in
villages and supplies free seedlings to the forest.

• This method often slowed the work and brought attention


the government’s actions.

• The Chipko is still working to protect the trees today


through the same nonviolent methods.

• The chipko movement is teaching the people better land


use ,nursery management and reforestation methods.
References
• http://www.iisd.org/50comm/commdb/desc/d07.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipko_movement
• http://healthy-india.org/saveearth6.asp
• http://
www.copperwiki.org/index.php/Chipko_Movement

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