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MA2001N Differential Equations: Example Sheet 4

This document provides examples of using the reduction of order formula to solve second order linear homogeneous differential equations. It gives the differential equation, an initial solution y1, and asks to find the second solution y2. The examples cover equations with various coefficients and initial conditions. Solutions are provided on the following page.

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Temesgen Bihonegn
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36 views4 pages

MA2001N Differential Equations: Example Sheet 4

This document provides examples of using the reduction of order formula to solve second order linear homogeneous differential equations. It gives the differential equation, an initial solution y1, and asks to find the second solution y2. The examples cover equations with various coefficients and initial conditions. Solutions are provided on the following page.

Uploaded by

Temesgen Bihonegn
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MA2001N Differential Equations

Example Sheet 4
Reduction of Order II: Homogeneous Form Examples In the questions that follow, use the Re u!tion of "r er formula for y 2 , that is,
y 2 = y1 W dx , 2 y1

#A$ ,

where
W = exp# p # x $ dx $

to sol%e the &i%en o e in !on'un!tion with the &i%en expression for y1 ( In ea!h !ase, re u!e y 2 to its simplest form( Answers are &i%en o%erleaf( #1$ Sol%e the o e
x 2 y x # x + 2$ y + # x + 2$ y = 0 ,

x >0

#)$

&i%en that one solution is*

y1 = x (

+int* After puttin& the equation, for example, equation #)$, in its !orre!t form, simpl, appl, the Re u!tion of "r er formula, in #A$ a-o%e, to fin a se!on , linearl, in epen ent solution, y 2 ( #2$ Sol%e the o e
x 2 y + 2 x y 2 y = 0 ,

x >0

&i%en that one solution is* #.$ Sol%e the o e

y1 = x (

#1 x$ y + x y y = 0 ,

x >1

&i%en that one solution is* #4$ Sol%e the o e

y1 = x (

x 2 y + x y 4 y = 0 ,

x >0

&i%en that one solution is*


y1 = x 2 (

#!ontinue o%erleaf$

MA2001N Differential Equations


Example Sheet 4 #!ontinue $
Reduction of Order II: Homogeneous Form Examples (continued) #/$ Sol%e the o e
x y + #2 x 1$ y 2 y = 0 ,
x >0

&i%en that one solution is*

y1 = 2 x 1 (

+int for 0/*

1o fin the inte&ral*

#2 x 1$ 2 e 2 x dx

, use the
z

su-stitution* z = 2 x 1 , then !onsi er #2$ Sol%e the o e


#1 + x 2 $ y + x y 4 y = 0 ,

d e dz z

&i%en that one solution is*


y1 = 1 + 2 x 2 (

+int for 02*

In &ettin& the answer, the eri%ati%e of the triple pro u!t


x #1 + x 2 $ #1 + 2 x 2 $ 1

ma, pro%e to -e useful( 3333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 Answers to Example Sheet 4 Note that, in ea!h !ase, the answer, y 2 , &i%en -elow has -een written in its simplest form( #Remem-er that the &eneral solution will !ontain an ar-itrar, !onstant, k 2 ($ #1$ #.$
y2 = x e x ,
y2 = e x ,

#2$ #4$

y2 = 14 x 2 ,
y2 = 14 x 2 ,

y2 = e 2 x , #/$ #2$ y 2 = x #1 + x 2 $ ( 3333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333

En of Example Sheet 4

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