Project L School Records
Project L School Records
Solutions Evaluation of the Proposed Solutions System Development Tables Tables Documentation Relationships Relationships Documentation orms and orm Documentation !ueries !ueries Documentation Reports Reports Documentation S"itchboard S"itchboard Documentation # #lgorithm of my project Testing of Data $ser Documentation Evaluation uture Developments Screen captures for the !ueries% Tables% orms and Reports of my project &odes used in my project '
Page 1 of 41
INTRODUCTION School is one of the leading schools in the (aldives and the number students entering to the school is gro"ing day by day) The information*s of all these students need to be recorded and stored) So% the school decided to computeri+e the system since% they "ere handling all the records of the students by manually) (y project is based on the above conse,uence% "hich is named S&-OO. RE&ORDS /0001 EXISTING SYSTEM #t the moment the handling of students* data*s "ere fully done by hand) 2hen a student enters to the school the personal details of the student is recorded and 3ept in a file% as "ell as "hen the student leaves or completes the studies his performances are 3ept in a file) Each student "ill have t"o separate files4 one for his personal details and the other for the performances in the school) The student records are 3ept in ascending order of index) The t"o files of a student are sho"n belo"5
Parent 7lood group #ddres Tel)no DO7 name s :)see #@ ;<=>08 <?'Dec'?=
School performances4 Index 8/89 &lass /9'A Subjects #chievement Disciplinary Records Extra curricular activities Tennis
#ll except /st in the <nd nil Physics and interschool #rabic tennis competition
Page 2 of 41
PROBLEMS OF THE EIXTING SYSTEM Since all records "ere handled by hand BmanuallyC% several problems occurred) D It is much more time'consuming than computer since% if the school needs immediately a student record for ne" entries it ta3es time to search) D It is not safe "ay to store the data in piece of papers since that it may be lost or unusable) D .ac3s of computeri+e system leads to inefficiency to capture thousands of information and it causes misunderstanding or errors in the data)
EVALUATION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM The manual system has been unsuitable for this type of tas3s due several reasons) It ta3es time for searching each records of the student) The data*s are "ritten on the papers and this might get lost or misplaced) Data "ritten by one person varies and may leads to errors and misinterpretations) #s these problems arise the school became inefficient in their "or3% "or3ing the staffs day and night and this leads many "or3ers to leave their job) Eet% this system "as efficient in the past% as children studying "ere less capable in doing the above stated problems) OBJECTS TO BE ACHIVED The aims to be fulfilled must cope "ith the inefficiency of the existing system) So% the computeri+e system "ill achieve the follo"ing5 Storing of data could be 3ept in a small space "ith much more confident) &omputeri+ation "ould lead to an acceleration of speed in capturing the students* information and this "ould avoid overtime "or3 done by the staffs) The main aim of computeri+ation is to create a database of the students in order to add% delete or to modify any changes to the records) Due to the computeri+ation the students* information can be searched ,uic3ly and printed) PROPOSED SOLUTIONS Project L School Records Page 3 of 41
/ )&omputeri+e the "hole system in readiness to create a database to hold up the students* personal data and school performances in order to ma3e any changes% delete record% add record and to print the student records) This could lead to their expectations5 therefore% the school administration could be developed) <)7uy a suitable soft"are pac3age that "ill successfully handle this operation) It could be a ready pac3age% "hich involves computer programs to suite the need) ;)Train ne" staffs to use the computeri+ed system and being confident at their "or3 or hire staffs till the ne" staffs are trained and create a"areness programs of the combing system) #lso fixed a particular time to finish their "or3% this avoids delaying of "or3s) EVELUATION OF THE PROPOSED SOLUTION Solution one eedbac3*s D Data can store in a relatively small space "ith much more confidential) D .ess ,ualified staffs can be employed and this results in a decline of the total "age bill of the employees) (oreover% the school can ploughed' bac3 these profits to improve the administration in the future hence% the amount of money spend "ill be less) &omputers are more accurate than us so% the misunderstanding of data and errors could easily detected and corrected automatically) Searching% amending% printing% adding or deleting of records can be easily and very ,uic3ly done hence its saves time)
Drawbacks D It is sure that the computeri+ed system "ill be more expensive than the manual system) D To this system only a fe" employees are needed and this leads to many "or3ers to loose their job% inevitably creating more economic problems Solution t"o Fee back This can save much more time than creating soft"are pac3age and this "ill be more suitable for Project L School Records Page 4 of 41
the application hence% the money spend on it "ill be saved) Drawbacks D (odification "ould not be possible since% it is already programmed and developed) D To buy soft"are pac3age "ould be ,uite expensive)
Solution three Fee back!s D Trained and ,ualified staffs influence for an effective and improved administration) D Staffs can "or3 in different modules because of this they get speciali+ed on their "or3 and this saves their "or3ing speed) Drawbacks D It "ould be highly expensive to train ,ualified staffs or hire them) D Though numbers of "or3ers are less% the school has to spend more on ,ualified technicians) SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 7y no" I have mentioned the creation of the students* database B&ollection of data in relation to a particular subjectC to fulfill the expectation of the School so% no" I am starting on the creation of the database named F# S&-OO. RE&ORDS /001) Steps involved in creating the database5 G:enerate a database G:enerate structure for the tables G:enerate relationships G:enerate forms GEnter records G:enerate ,ueries G :enerate reports The database includes t"o tables Binformation list table and mar3 sheet Project L School Records Page 5 of 41
tableC and ,ueries% forms and reports of these t"o tables "ould be created in readiness to meet the school re,uirements) The hard"are needed to create the database is sho"n belo"5 Processor H Pentium II Processor (onitor H Super I:# / >99x /<99 (ouse H PSJ< &ompatible (ouse Port Keyboard H Standard /9 /J/9< Keyboard or (icrosoft 6atural Keyboard Printer H .aser Aet </99 -ard Dis3 H Intel ?<; 8#7JE7 P&I 7us (aster IDE &ontroller loppy Dis3 H Standard loppy Dis3 &ontroller TABLES
/ )Information list &ontains all the personal and academic information of the students) The different fields in it4 GIndex H this is the primary 3ey of the table% "hich stores index number of each student) The si+e of the field is = characters and this must be an integer) G6ame H this stores name of each student% "hich is L9 characters long) G#ddress H this field holds the address of the each student% "hich is also L9 characters long) GTelephone number H this field contains telephone number of each student) The si+e of this field is > characters) G Date of birth H this holds the students date of birth% "hich could be held up in this format B;' Dec'00C)
*Date
of entry H this holds up the year% "hich the student entered into the school) This should be
= characters long) G&lass H this holds up the class of each student% "hich is up to ;characters long) GExtra curricular activities H this field holds up the students extra activities except studying% Project L School Records Page 6 of 41
"hich is L9 characters long) GDisciplinary records H this contains any disciplinary data of students% "hich is a type of a memo or a slip) G#chievements H this holds up the students any academic or sports activities achievements) This field length is up to 50. G7lood group H this consists the blood group of each student% "hich is a maximum of ; characters)
NAME
(ohamed I3sham #nas Saleem Robin Eggar Ainah#li :ufran #hmed Ioosuf Samih -assan7andea (ohan i3ry Rish"an #reesh (ooshan-assan Ibrahim laleem Sultan ulhu #neesh 2arma #bdul 7ani -ussain Salim $said -aneef Kumar :ohar P)-) Aohnson #li Omar #hmed Didi Ibrahim Didi (ohamed Khalid
ADDRESS Te" N#
:)See (a)Reethige ()7eautiful -)7lue () inolhu () ehi (a)2es ().o :)Roshi (a)-ulule ()-animaadhoo (a)Pin3 -)Iou (a%Poolhouse -)Kuredhi -)Seven+oro () enfiya+ (a).ocashi (a)-ammmin (ogul -)#nus (a)Poplight ;<=L08 ;/L=8? ;/=??L ;;LL><4 ;<LL>0 ;/>=08 ;<L?L< ;;9?L< ;<==L< ;<8L=; ;<0=/; ;<9?0L ;<///< ;<?00? ;<<>8/ ;<<;/< ;<9L<9 ;<8=</ ;;=>8</ ;/==L> ;/LL??
DATE OF BIRTH
<?'Dec'?= /L'#ug'>= 9>' eb'?= 9L'(ay'>= / /'Aul'>= /<'Dec'>= 9L'Dec'>= 9L'#pr'>= 9/'#pr'?= 98'Aul'?= 9/'Aan'?= 98'Aun'?= 90' eb'?= 98'Aan'?= 90'Sep'?= 98'Aul'?= <L'(ay'?= /L'#ug'?= /='#ug'>= ;9'Aan'?= /L'#ug'>= 9;'(ay'?=
DATE OF ENTRY
/00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L /00L
Mark s$ee% This contains the mar3s of each student gained from each three terms) GIndex H this is the primary 3ey of the table% "hich stores index number of each student) The si+e of the field is = characters and this must be an integer) GStream H this field contains the subjects each student studies) The si+e of this field is <9 Project L School Records Page 7 of 41
characters) GExtra subjects H this contains the extra subjects each student studies% "hich is also <9
characters long) GSubject mar3s H this contains all the subject mar3s the student studies) This holds up the three terms mar3s) Each term is stated as subject /% subject < and subject ;) This field is divided into each subject% "hich each subject is a field and this is long up to ; characters Part of the mar3 sheet table is sho"n belo"5
To create the database the follo"ing steps "ere ta3en into consideration4 ' D Open (icrosoft #ccess) On the menu clic3 bar% clic3 ile and choose ne") 2hen the ne" "indo" appears you can type a file name and clic3 createM Then it "ill display Database "indo") D rom the database "indo" you have to choose Fcreate table in design vie"1) D 6o" you "ill see the table to be filled up) In the table there "ill be three columns namely5 ield 6ame column Byou have to type the name of the fieldsC% Data Type column Bin here you have to clic3 the arro" and the data type you "antC and Description column Bit contains the description of each data% "hich is not necessaryC) D The field properties for the field can be seen on bottom and can set out property you "ant) #fter you have finished these entries clic3 the save button and it appears a naming conversation% and then choose OK but if you haven*t mentioned a primary 3ey field (icrosoft #ccess as3s you to define it Bclic3 the field you "ant it and go to edit and clic3 primary 3eyC) If you "ant to add a ne" record you can clic3 ne" record on the tool bar and choose data entry% this displays only the blan3 record) Then you can enter the data by copying% typing or pasting records from the existing data or not) If you "ant to print the records select the item you "ant to print and choose Print on the ile menu bar% and clic3 OK to begin the printing) Har ware &ee e %# crea%e %$e %ab"es D D D D D D D Keyboard ' to enter the records in the table) (ouse ' selecting of options) (onitor ' helps the use in visuali+ing "hat he is doing and displaying the table) &P$ ' to run the program of the created tables) -ard Dis3 ' to store the program of the created tables) loppy Dis3 'to create bac3 ups of the tables) Processor ' R#( memory)
Page 9 of 41
RELATIONSHIPS (icrosoft #ccess is combined "ith relationships of data% "hich means to create joining of ,ueries) #ccess does this "or3 automatically) I have done one relationship to t"o tables since% it is possible that the primary 3ey could be used in t"o tables Bincase of here the Index numberC) In my project FIndex1 the relationship is used in the Information list table and the (ar3 sheet table) The relationship I used is sho"n belo"5 RELATIONSHIPS DOCUMENTATION The follo"ing steps "ere ta3en into consideration "hen I "as creating the relationships4 ' D Either choose relationship from the edit menu or select from the tool bar D Then it displays the sho" table "indo" and clic3 the name of the table you "ant to ma3e up the relationship) D &lose up this table and in the relationship "indo" drag the I6DEN from the Information list table to the I6DEN of the mar3 sheet) Eou can repeat this procedure to create as many relationships you "ants) D Set the relationship option% clic3 creates to form up the relationship and close the "indo") D If you "ant to delete this record choose again the relationship "indo"% select the item you "ant% press delete and close the "indo") D To print the creation of the relationship you can choose Relationship from the edit menu and select Print on the file menu% "hich "ould perform the printing "hen you clic3 OK) D Return to the database) -ard"are needed for the creation of the relationships D D D D The mouse and the 3eyboard to select and type the relationships) -ard dis3 to store the creation of the relationships) (onitor to display these) The &P$ to process the information and the relationships bet"een the tables)
FORMS AND FORMS DOCUMENTATION orms are structures that enable to display information*s each at a time in order to provide the possibility of adding% deleting% modifying or printing the data*s in the database) # form can be called the controller of the "or3 since% it has all the control functions) In my project I design to different forms) 2hen designing the forms the follo"ing "ere ta3en into consideration5 D Open the database from the file menu and clic3 orm from the database "indo") D &lic3 the me" button and choose the table or ,uery to begin up the form) D To create the form clic3 orm 2i+ard and "hen it displays clic3 designing B"hich you could ma3e any modifications you desiresC D To change the si+e of the field clic3 the field you "ant to change it "ill appear little s,uares "ith boarder and then you can drag the si+e you "ant) D To change the bac3ground% fonts% property lay outing and other modifications "ill be available in the properties B"hich "ill appear "hen you "rite clic3C) D &lic3ing on it and dragging can modify header) D &hoosing tab order from the edit menu and selecting the records to be ordered can do ordering of records) #ccess can automatically order the data*s Bthis can be done by choosing #uto Order button from the Tab Order boxC) D &hoose close from the file menu) D 7efore closing if you haven*t save the form clic3 Ees "hich "ould stated for the users guide and enter name for the form% clic3 OK) rom the file menu select Print to print up the form% go to edit select the data you "ant and &lic3 OK) Har ware &ee e %# crea%e %$e '#r(s D D D D D Keyboard for typing data*s (onitor to display the form and its layout) (ouse for the use of dragging and selecting the data you "ant) -ard dis3 "ill be used to store up the data*s) loppy dis3 can be used for bac3ups Interactive and controlling of programs "ill be cope up by the &P$) )UERIES # ,uery allo"s you to store combined data of various tables% "hich "ill
enable you to see the data you "ant) In my project I have created three ,ueries and each one does different function)
unction / This ,uery sho"s all the records of the students from the t"o tables Bmar3 sheet table and information list tableC) This ,uery "ill be very useful "hen the need arises in printing all the students* academic performances and their personal details since% all the data "ill be sho"n in one table) -ence it is an acceleration in speed of the "or3 done by the staffs because they don*t need to open each record at time) This ,uery consists of 35 fields of 50 records) The part of the ,uery is sho"n belo"5
unction < students* stream in to the different allo"s displaying each student) This index% name and for the ease administration) Part This ,uery sho"s the entire ascending order Ba name given subjects he studiesC% "hich easily and ,uic3ly the stream of ,uery contains ; fields namely stream) This ,uery is necessary reference by the school of this ,uery is sho"n belo"5
unction ; This ,uery sho"s all the students "ho are doing 7usiness and Science stream) Only these t"o streams are separated because the number of students "ho are doing these t"o are huge% incase the #rts stream is doing only a fe" student) This is necessary see the differentiation among the students) This ,uery consists of ; fields same as the above) Part of this ,uery is sho"n belo"5
)UERIES DOCUMENTATION 2hen creating a ,uery the follo"ing steps have to be ta3en into consideration5 D Open the database and clic3 !uery) D &lic3 the ne" ,uery% add ,ueries by clic3ing on the table% and on add) D Double clic3 the field you "ant and choose an ascending order to sort the field by clic3ing the arro" D Save the ,ueries by clic3ing on save form the file menu) D To print the ,ueries clic3 Print on the file menu and clic3 OK)
Har ware &ee e %# crea%e %$e *+er,es D D (onitor to display the results of the ,ueries) The printer to output the results of the ,ueries) D Keyboard and the mouse for typing% sorting and setting out the Page 14 of
fields criteria in the ,ueries) -ard dis3 to store the designed ,ueries)
REPORTS This is the last section of my project in (icrosoft #ccess S&-OO. RE&ORDS /0001) # report is a method of introducing the output on paper) In my project there are t"o reports namely% Information list report and (ar3 sheet report)
Information list This contains each student*s personal data*s and their various performances in the school and in extra curricular activities) Part of it is sho"n belo"5
/)
<) (ar3 sheet This sho"s all the mar3s obtained by the each student in each three terms) Part of it is sho"n belo"5
Page 15 of
Page 16 of
REPORTS DOCUMENTATION D D D The purpose of reports is to obtain a large amount of information printed ,uic3ly "ithout find out the specific item) rom the database Breport sectionC clic3 ne" and select% the item you "ant to obtain a report) &lic3 next in readiness to include the fields in the report and clic3 next to select the grouping level) #gain% clic3 next to store the item) #gain% clic3 next to select the layout and the position of the page) &lic3 next to select the heading and clic3 next again to give a name to the report and clic3 finish) Open the report in design vie" or print vie" and select print from the file menu) Austify your properties in relation to change the type of copies and so on) &lic3 OK and choose save from the file menu% give a name to the report and choose save) If you "ant see the previe" before printing the report% you can select Print previe" and clic3 close if you "ant to go bac3)
D D D D D
-ard"are needed to create the reports D D D needed D -ard dis3 to store the reports) S-ITCH BOARD # S"itchboard combines all the components of the database% "hich consists of buttons as you clic3 on it "ill open the reports and the relevant forms) I created the S"itchboard "ith the usability of the S"itchboard (anager) 2hen a S"itchboard is generated% it is very to find data*s because all those "ill be lin3ed up to each other) In (y S"itchboard% there are three screens) D The first one is the main screen that indicates the open forms and open Page 17 of Printer for the output of the reports) (onitor to display the reports) (ouse for selecting various types of properties
reports button) #s you clic3 the open form button% the second screen "ill appear "here you could clic3 either on the mar3 sheet form of Information list form to open the forms) It also sho"s the option of returning to the main screen) If you "ant to vie" up the report you can clic3 on the open reports button% "hich "ould display the reports and this also has the option on gong bac3 to the main)
S-ITCHBOARD DOCUMENTATION
2hile creating the s"itchboard the follo"ing steps "ere considered5 D Open the database and the S"itchboard (anager dialog box) D &lic3 #dd'ins on the Tools menu and then clic3 the S"itchboard (anager to clic3 edit Bthe menu "hich ma3es any change you "ant to the itemsC) D To add an item clic3 ne"% type the text for the item and clic3 the command you "ant in the command box) D Deleting of an item is possible "hen you clic3 delete and can move the data by dragging or moving up and do"n by the mouse) D #s you finished it clic3 &lose) -ard"are needed to create the S"itchboard
Project L School Records Page 18 of
D (onitors to vie" up the S"itchboard) D Keyboard and mouse for the selection% move up and do"n and justifying you properties) D -ard dis3 to store ups the designed S"itchboard) D Printer if necessary to ta3e an output of the S"itchboard)
Page 19 of
Pr#ce +re Ma,& Display Fstart up1 Exit start up in ;sec Display main s"itchboard Read options If option O Fopen form1 Execute form procedure If option O Fopen report1 Execute report procedure If option O Fclose1 !uit the database) Pr#ce +re F#r( D,s."a/ #.%,#&s Read options If option O Finformation list form1 Open the Information .ist orm) If option O F#dd record1 Input the information #dd the information to the list If option O FDelete1 Display the (sg7ox Fyou are ab#+% %# e"e%e 0 recordBsC) If you clic3 yes% you "on*t be able to undo this delete operation) #re you sure you "ant to delete these records1 If option O yes% Delete the recordBsC If option O 6o% &ancel If option O F ind Record1 Select the field you "ant to search Input data Baccording to the selected fieldC If record is visible%
Page 20 of
Display record Else Display (sg7ox F(icrosoft #ccess finished searching the records) The search item "as not found1 If Ees% &ancel If option O FPrint1 Print the record If option O F:o 7ac31 Return to the main s"itchboard) If option O F(ar3 Sheet1 Open the mar3 sheet If option O F#dd record1 Input the information #dd the information to the sheet If option O FDelete1 Display the (sg7ox Fyou are about to delete 0 recordBsC) If you clic3 yes% you "on*t be able to undo this delete operation) #re you sure you "ant to delete these records1 If option O yes% Delete the recordBsC If option O 6o% &ancel If option O F ind Record1 Select the field you "ant to search Input data Baccording to the selected fieldC If record is visible% Display record Else Display (sg7ox F(icrosoft #ccess
finished searching the records) The search item "as not found1 If Ees% &ancel If option O FPrint1 Print the record If option O F:o 7ac31 Return to the main s"itchboard)
Procedure Report Display options Read options If option O information list Display the report If you "ant to get the report of a particular student Search bet"een the pages) If option O (ar3 Sheet Display the report If you "ant to get the report of a particular student Search bet"een the pages) If option O F:o 7ac31 Return to the main s"itchboard) TESTING OF DATA 6OR(#. D#T# Normal data of the School is the actual records of the student in relation to the school performance in academic and activities, and their personal informations. This is tested with that contains no errors to see if it produces the actual results or normal data.
#76OR(#. D#T# These are fla"ed or invalid information*s% "hich maybe irrelevant to the specified field) If these data*s are entered the students might not get the correct information as a result of this may effect to his graduate) So% it "ill be much more sure if the data*s are tested and corrected before they are revealed to the students)
ENTRE(E D#T# These are data, which goes be ond a certain limit stated b creator of that particular database. !n m pro"ect also there is a certain limit for ever thing such as the inde# field si$e is ma#imi$ed up to % characters and it must be onl a whole number so, ou can test the data is within this particular range and if not it is invalid. !f ou enters an e#treme data a message bo# will appear, which is shown in the ne#t page.
USER DOCUMENTATION D The actual aim for the computeri+ation of the used system is to develop a database in order to facilitate the possibility of adding% deleting% searching% printing and to ma3e any modification of the records% and storing the data confidentially) D The other aim is to create a better administrative structure and to reduce the possibility of revealing incorrect data to the students) D To update the records immediately as they are entered)
-o" to operate the database rom the Des3top clic3 the S&-OO. RE&ORDS /000* then as it opens the setup of my project appears displaying for three seconds and there after the main S"itchboard "ill appear) Then you can clic3 either on open forms or open reports) If you clic3 the open forms again there "ill be a selection either to choose the mar3 sheet form or information list form) If you choose the mar3 sheet form% the mar3 sheet form "ill display and there is possibility to delete%
amend% and print or to add records since% the form has these operations) It is same if you clic3 on the information list form as it does the same function) If you clic3 the open reports there "ill be again a selection "here either to clic3 the mar3 sheet report or the information list report) If you "ant to print the reports you can select print from the file menu% justify the printing properties% clic3 OK and that "ill begin your printing operation)
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The office is the place responsible for the maintaining the computer and hence% maintaining the database) Therefore other than only one person doing the entire computer "or3s% many others can do it) Or everybody doing the "or3 in stand' alone machines% all the computers could be lin3ed up and hence the data stored only in one main computer)
Developing a ne" soft"are pac3age that is convenient to the school) This means that% creating a soft"are pac3age% "hich "ill avoid all the hindrances in maintaining the student*s information)
Switchboard Table
CODES USED IN MY PROJECT In my project I used &ode 7uilder to do various functions such as addition and finding out the averages) ADDITION inding the total mar3s obtained by the student is operated by the follo"ing code) OPE6:.IS- /Q@PD-IIE-I /Q@PIS.#( /Q@P(#T-S /Q@P&O((ER&E /Q @ PE&O6O(I&S /Q @P#&&O$6TI6:/ Q@P&O(P$T/6: /Q -ere I have stated only the addition of /st term mar3s) inding the total number of mar3s obtained by all the students% the follo"ing code is used) OPE6: =Q@PD-I =Q@ IS.=Q @P(#T-S=Q @P&O((ER&E=Q @PE&O6=Q @P#&&O$6T=Q @ P&O(P =Q FINDING OUT THE AVERAGE To find out the average mar3s obtained by all subjects he studies is operated by the follo"ing code) OPTOT#. /Q J? To find out the average mar3s obtained by all the students the follo"ing code is operated) OPTOT#. =Q J? I6 To find out each student grade from each subject is defined by the follo"ing code) OIIfBPE6: =QRO8L %F#1 %IIfBPE6: =QRO>9%171%IIfBPE6: =QROL9%1&1%IIfBPE6: =QRO=9%1D1%IIfBPE6: =QRO;9%1E1%IIfBPE6: =SRO / O%1 1%1$1CCCCCC -ere it is stated the code for the subject computing) To find out the grade obtained by all the subjects is defined by the follo"ing