uReaf wmfajymcJzh ;l aom 0if;OD;

uReaf wmfonf ]NrKd Uroef;vGi}f trnfjzifh uReaf wmf

\ rdwaf qGjzpfol OD;nDnD (&Siv f ;kH ) rdom;pkyikd f ]orm"d}owif;pm
xkwaf 0pOfu ½ky&f iS o f wif;? aqmif;yg; ponfrsm;udk tcgtm;
avsmpf mG ulnaD &;om;pOfu jzpfygonf/
]jraZmfzvif}rS ]cspaf omol wpfa,muf} Zmwfum;
udk (Press Show) ac: owif;pmorm;rsm;twGuf oD;oefUjyyGJ
udk jyaomtcg OD;nDnu D ¤if;Zmwfum;twGuf a0zefpm
a&;ay;&ef ajymojzifh oGm;a&mufMunf½h cI yhJ gonf/
odMYk unf&h mwGif taoG;ta&mif ajymifvufvm
rnfh rif;om;aumif;wpfa,muf[k xifjrifrdonfhtwdkif;
]0if;OD;onf Zmwfvu kd af umif;ae&modYk eHygwfcsw d rf ad vNy}D [k
acgif;pOfwyfNy;D ? qufvufJ ]olonf wpfaeYaomtcgwGif
ysKd wikd ;f BuKd urf nfEh iS ;f qDcikd f jzpfvmrnfrmS aocsm\}[k BuKd wif
a&;vdu k yf gonf/ odrYk [kwf BuKd wifajymqdck yhJ gonf/
90 NrdKUroef;vGif
xdpk Ofu olt Y m; rnfou l rQ ]0if;OD;} [lí tod
trSwf rjyKMuao;yg/
trSefpifppf ]cspfaomol wpfa,muf} onf
ud0k if;OD;\ 'kw, d um;jzpfí ]ESpaf ,mufxaJ ecsiw f ,f}onf
ol\ yxrqHk;um; jzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif ]cspfaomol
wpfa,muf} udk OD;pGm½Hw k ifvu kd o f jzifh 'kw, d um;u ol\
yxrqH;k um; jzpfomG ;jcif; jzpfygonf/
]ESpaf ,mufxaJ ecsiw f ,f} Zmwfum;udk ½dKG i&f ,f
½ky&f iS ½f ykH ikd &f iS u
f ydik o f jzifh ½dKG i&f ,f½w kH iG f &uf&nS qf jJG yjcif;? NrKd U
awmfcef;rwGif ]ESpaf ,mufxaJ ecsiw f ,f} Zmwfum;rS ]rD;yHyk JG
wGif pkuma0;um aysm&f iT rf ,f}qdo k nfh oDcsi;f udk tqdNk yKd iyf JG
usi;f yjcif;ponfwaYdk Mumifh vltrsm; pdw0f ifpm;um wpfp
wpfp vl0ifrsm;vmNy;D wpf[ek x f ;kd emrnfBu;D oGm;jcif; jzpfyg
onf/
uReaf wmfonf ud0k if;OD;ESihf ,cifu jrifz;l awGUzl;
jcif; r&db S J uRr;f 0ifjcif;vnf; r&dcS yhJ g/ od&Yk mwGif ]ZrÁLat;}
½ky&f iS rf S ]jrwf} Zmwfum;twGuf uefawmhyaJG y;aomtcgrS
OD;pGm awGUqHMk uNy;D ...
]jynfawmfomcifO;D }0w¬Kukd zwfz;l ayr,fh a&;olukd
awmh ckryS J awGUawmhw,f}[kajymum cifrif&if;ES;D Mu&ygonf/
xdaYk emuf tawmfMumrawGUbJ aeMu&mrS r*Fvm
aqmifwpfcw k iG f olt
Y m; bdou d q f &mtoGif jrifawGU&ygonf/
yGNJ y;D íolt Y m; 0dik ;f 0dik ;f vnf EIwq f ufaeMuonfh vltyk Mf um;xJrS
uRefawmfajymcJhzl;aom 0ifOD; 91
uReaf wmfth m;jrifaomf...
]pma&;q&m..bmjzpfvYkd pmra&;awmhwmwke;f }
[k vSr;f atmfEw I qf ufygonf/
pifppf uReaf wmfonf pma&;q&mppfppf r[kwf
yg/ 0goemt& pdwu f ;l ay:onft h cgwGio f m BuKd ;Mum;? BuKd ;Mum;
a&;jcif;jzpfygonf/
]pma&;q&m}[k ac:vdu k o
f nfrmS cifrifro I abm
jzifh aoG;rBu;D aMumif; jyvdu k of nf[k em;vnfvu kd yf gonf/
xdtk csed w f iG f uReaf wmfajymonft h wdik ;f ]0if;OD;}
[lí vQr;f vQr;f awmufaeygNy?D ysKd wikd ;f BuKd uaf om ESi;f qDcikd f
jzpfaeygNy/D aemufwpfBurd f tif;vsm;vdw[ f wkd ,fwiG yf if uRef
awmfu txGuf at;rif;0if;ESio hf ul t0if xyfrq H pkH nf;Muyg
onf/ EIwcf eG ;f qufpum;rsm; ajymqdMk uNy;D aemuf ]jynfawmfom
cifO;D } 0w¬KaumfyD &daS o;ovm;[k ar;ygonf/
uReaf wmfu &daS Mumif;ajymaomtcg ...
]'gjzifh at;rif;0if;udk t,lcikd ;f vdu k rf ,f} ajymí
at;rif;0if; vmaomtcgay;vdu k yf gonf/ 1986ck? Zlvikd v f
xkwf pE´mr*¾Zif; ]pmwdu k cf ef;}wGif ...
]ppfBuKd acwfEiS hf ppfNy;D acwfpmapmifrsm;wGif rMum
cP azmfjyjcif;cH&onfh ]jynfawmfomcifO;D } [laom 0w¬Kwkd
uav;udk jyefvnfqef;opfay;yg&efESifh bmomjyefvm;
rl&if;vm; azmfjyay;yg&ef} [laom ar;cGe;f udk (The Lady of
Shallot) udk jrefrmrI jyKxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ a&;olrmS NrKd Ur
92 NrdKUroef;vGif
oef;vGijf zpfonf/ rMumrD pE´mwGizf wf½&I ygrnf ...}
[kygvmygonf/ odaYk omftqdyk g ]jynfawmfom
cifO;D }udk at;rif;0if;tm; ay;vdu k af omfvnf; ]aiGviId ;f Zm
ay:rSm} Zmwfum;½du k qf jJ zpfí tvky½f yI af ejcif;aMumifah yyJvm;?
odw Yk nf;r[kwf a&m*gESihf eyef;vH;k ae&jcif;aMumifah yyJvm;?
,ckxd azmfjyjcif;rcH&ao;yg/
aemufrsm; rMumrDwiG f ud0k if;OD;wpfa,muf
vef'efoYkd aq;ukomG ;&mrStjyef a&m*gjyefvnfjzpfNy;D jr&wem
aq;ukcef;wGif ukorIcaH e&mu uG,v f eG o
f mG ;aMumif; Mum;od&
í pdwx f w J iG f wkev f yI af csmufcsm;oGm;ygonf/
uReaf wmf ud, k üf vnf; qD;Buw d af &m*gudk cGpJ w d f
cH,Nl y;D pjzpfí ESajrmwo ,lBuKH ;r&jcif;jzpfaomfvnf; a<uav
Ny;D aom ]ESi;f qDcikd }f udk oGm;a&mufí Munf½h rI jrifawGU vdu k &f jcif;
udk pdwrf aumif;jcif; jzpf&ygonf/
jzpf&mb0wGif ]ysKd wikd ;f BuKd uw f hJ ESi;f qDcikd }f iGm;iGm;
pGiphf iG jhf zifh wpfzefjyefvnf opfqef;yGiv hf ef;ap&efuo kd m aMuuGJ
pGmjzifh qkreG af wmif;jcif; jyKvu kd &f ygawmhonf/

vHkrav;trsdK;orD;r*¾Zif;?
arv? 1989/
 93

"mwfyt
kH u,f'rD'g½du
k w
f mwpfO;D ESihf
ol\oufv,f

jrefrmh½yk &f iS pf ed &f wkobifukd *kPjf yKaomtm;jzifh

acwfa[mif;rS ,aeYxd emrnfausmMf um; vlord sm;aom "mwfykH
tu,f'rD 'g½ku d w f mwpfO;D ESihf ol½u kd u
f ;l cJo
h nfh Zmwfum;
wpfum;\ taMumif;udk a&;om;vdu k yf gonf/
xdok u l m; at0rf;OD;wifarmif\ wlt&if;jzpfol
'g½du
k w
f mOD;wif,k jzpfygonf/ olonf NrKd Urausmif;om; a[mif;
wpfOD;jzpfNyD; ½kyf&Sifvkyfief;udk ausmif;aepOftcguyif
ausmif;pmxuf OD;pm;ay; vku d pf m;cJo
h l jzpfyg\/
rkepYf m;qif;csed ?f tm;vyfcsed rf sm;wGif Avmpmtkyüf
pmrsm;udk a&;rSwaf eonfukd awGU&wwfí pmtvGeBf uKd ;pm;
olwpfa,muf[k xifrw S pf &m &Sad omfvnf;? ol a&;rSwaf eonf
u ausmif;pmrsm;r[kwyf g/ ½ky&f iS Zf mwfvrf;rsm;ESihf ZmwfñeT ;f
rsm;om jzpfygonf/
94 NrdKUroef;vGif
wpfcgu twef;wifpmar;yGJ &So d nfukd vma&muf
ajzqdjk cif;r&Sod jzifh aexdik rf aumif;írsm;avm[k xifryd gonf/
od&Yk mwGif xifovdrk [kwyf g/ Nrw d Nf rKd UodYk um;½du k x f u G &f mwGif
vku d yf goGm;aMumif; od&&dS ygonf/ þrQyif ½ky&f iS v f yk if ef;udk
tav;ay; tm½Hx k m;ol jzpfyg\/
uifr&mt,ltq? ½du k u f iG ;f ½du
k uf u G ?f ½Ia'gifrh sm;
bufüvnf; aphpyfolwpfOD;jzpfí olOD;pD;½dkuful;aom
Zmwf u m; rsm;onf vS v S y y xG u f a y:vmonf u d k
awGU&rnfomjzpfyg onf/
ppfBudKacwfu ol'g½dkufwmvkyfí ½kduful;NyD;
OD;av;jzpfol at0rf;OD;wifarmifu BuD;Muyfay;aom
]]oufv,f}} qdo k nfZh mwfum;taMumif;udk a&;vkyd gonf/ xdk
Zmwfum;onf &ifeifzh , G &f m oH;k yGiqhf ikd f tcspZf mwfum;aumif;
wpfck jzpfyg\/ od&Yk mwGif xifoavmuf vl0ifrrsm;cJyh g/
Zmwfvrf;aumif;? o½kyaf qmifaumif;? 'g½du k wf m
aumif;rsm;ESihf ½du k uf ;l xm;ygvsuf tb,faMumifh vl0ifenf;&
ygoenf;[k qef;ppfMunfrh yd gonf/
]]oufv,f}} Zmwfum;\ Zmwfvrf;tusOf;
csKyrf mS &efuek Nf rKd U qdwNf ird &f yfuu
G w f pfcw k iG f yef;pdu k af &mif;aom
jrifjh rifch ifwYkd rdom;pktrd üf olwEYkd iS &hf if;ES;D aom pma&;q&m
ausm0f if; acwåvma&mufNy;D 0w¬Krsm;a&;ae\/
wpfaeYwiG f ausm0f if;onf NrKd UxJox Ykd u G vf m&m
rdwaf qG&if;jzpfol olaX;uav; ]bopf} ESihf awGU&avonf/
"mwfyHktu,f'rD'g½dkufwmwpfOD;ESifh ol\oufv,f 95
bopfu ausm0f if;,ckae&mteD;wGif olyikd af omwdu k w f pfv;kH
&Sad Mumif;ESihf xdw k u
kd o
f Ykd ajymif;a&TUaexdik &f efajymNy;D aomhay;cJh
onf/
ausm0f if;onf qufvufNy;D NrKd UxJoYkd xGuv f m&m
wifwifrl\ aetdrfteD;odkY a&mufaomtcg xdktdrfwGif
tEkMurf;pD;aeonfukd awGU&ojzifh 0ifa&mufNy;D vlq;kd rsm;ESihf
xk;d Buw
d &f mwGif aemufq;kH ü vlq;kd rsm; xGuaf jy;oGm;Muawmh\/
ausm0f if;rSmum; rsupf w d iG f 'Pf&m&&SNd y;D usecf ahJ vonf/
wifwifr\ l zcifonfvnf; rsupf u d q
k &m0efBu;D
jzpf&m? ausm0f if;tm; aus;Zl;wifNy;D aetdrw f iG f vufcu H o k ay;
avonf/
'Pf&maysmufí jyefc&hJ onfw h ikd f ausm0f if;rSm
wifwifru l kd rarhEikd af tmif jzpfco hJ nf/ wifwifru l vnf;
oHa,mZOf jzpfomG ;cJ\ h / ausm0f if;udk vGr;f aeaom jrifjh rifch if
onf ausm0f if;jyefa&mufvmaomtcg 0rf;omtm;& jzpfrd
avonf/ bopf\wdu k o f Ykd ajymif;a&TUaexdik af om ausm0f if;
pm;aomuf&ef reufpm? npmudk jrifjh rifch ifu aeYwikd ;f vm
a&mufy\ Ykd /
wpfbufwiG f ausm0f if;a&;aom 0w¬Krsm; xGuf
vmwdik ;f rvGww f rf;zwf½aI eaom wifwifru l vnf; vGr;f wo
ojzpfaeonf/ xdt k awmtwGi;f ausm0f if;xHrS cspaf &;qdak om
pmrsm;a&muf&v Sd monf/ wifwifro l nf ausm0f if;\tcspu f kd
vufc&H efq;kH jzwfNy;D vlcsr;f omwpfO;D vma&muf aphpyfonf
96 NrdKUroef;vGif
udyk if vufrcHb?J olr\ta': ESpaf ,muftm; ausm0f if;&d&S modYk
apvTwNf y;D tajctaeudk pHpk rf;cdik ;f avonf/
ta':ESpaf ,muf a&muf&o Sd mG ;aomtcsed w f iG f
ausm0f if;r&d?S xrif;csKd iv hf mydaYk om jrifjh rifch ifEiS ahf wGUqHMk uNy;D
jrifjh rifch ifu ausm0f if;\ tdro f o l ufxm; jzpfa,mifa,mif
vkyjf yvdu k af omtcg ta':Bu;D ESpf a,mufvnf; wifwifrl
tm; jyefvnfajymjyMuavonf/
wifwifrlu udk,fwdkifpHkprf;&ef xGufvmcJh&m
jrifjh rifch ifEiS yhf if awGUNy;D jrifjh rifch ifuvnf; ,cifr[ l eftwdik ;f yif
ajymjy&m wifwifro l nf olt Y m; awmif;&rf;vmonfo h u l kd
vufcv H u kd af wmh\/
ausm0f if;onf wifwifrv l maMumif; jrifjh rifch ifxH
rS od&aSd omtcgwGif wifwifrx l oH Ykd vdu
k o f mG ;\/ wifwifru l
cspo f &l NSd y;D oljzpfvsuf ol\tcspu f kd awmif;cH&ygrnfavm[k
&efawGUNy;D olrMumrD vufxyfawmhrnfh taMumif;udk ajymjy
vdu k af vonf/ ausm0f if;u r[kw&f ygaMumif;udk trsKd ;rsKd ;
&Si;f jyaomfvnf; wifwifru l vufrcHawmhay/
wifwifrlESifh vufxyfrnfholum; tjcm;ol
r[kwf? ol\rdwfaqG olaX;uav; bopfyifjzpfae\/
ausm0f if;onf tonf;uGu J m t&ufuo kd m zdaomufNy;D t&uf
orm;Bu;D b0odYk a&muf&o Sd mG ;awmh\/ t&ufr;l wdik ;f olt Y m;
vma&muf jyKpkaeaom jrifhjrifhciftm; oufv,fqdkaom
oDcsi;f udk qdck ikd ;f avonf/
"mwfyHktu,f'rD'g½dkufwmwpfOD;ESifh ol\oufv,f 97
jrifjh rifch ifuvnf; xdo k cD si;f udk oDqvkd Qif cspo f El iS hf
vG&J wwfonf[, k q l í rqdyk g&apESi[ hf k twefwefjiif;y,f
aomfvnf; aemufq;kH ü pdwrf csr;f ajrUpGmESiyhf if qdjk yvdu k &f awmh
onf/
xdt k awmtwGi;f oli,fcsi;f bopf a&mufvmNy;D
ausm0f if;\ tjzpfukd od&o Sd jzifh wifwifrEl iS hf vufxyfrnfh
udpu ö kd zsuaf y;vdu k o f nf/ jrifjh rifch ifuvnf; ausm0f if;\
jzpftifukd r½I&ufEikd af wmhí wifwifrt l m; olEiS ahf usm0f if;wdYk
rnforYkd Q rywfoufaMumif;udk &Si;f jyojzifh cspo f El pS Of ;D rSm ajy
vnfomG ;Muawmh\/
tcsp½f ;l ruav;jzpfum use&f pfc&hJ mS aom jrifjh rifh
cifonfvnf; a&uefwiG ;f odYk vdru hf saoqH;k oGm;av&m MuifpOD;
ZeD;armifEHS ESpOf ;D wdUk aY &muf&v Sd mMuNy;D ausm0f if;u jrifjh rifch if\
tavmif;udk uefaygif½;kd ay:rS 0rf;enf;pGmjzifh ayGUcso D mG ;aom
tcg aemufyg;rS wifwifru l vnf; ndK§ ;i,fpmG vdu k v f mav
onf/
xdt k cgwGif jrifjh rifch ifoq D &kd rSm aMumufaom-
]]oufv,f&,f? oufv,fa&TaoG;&,f?
rMuifempdr;f awmhvJ pdr;f &ufw,f}}
tpcsaD om aemufcH vGr;f csi;f uav;onf vdu I v f pJS mG xGuf
ay:vmavonf/
þwGif Zmwfvrf;u NyD;qHk;NyDjzpfaomfvnf;
tvGr;f ESiZhf mwford ;f vQif y&dowf rBuKd urf nfp;kd aomaMumifh
98 NrdKUroef;vGif
ausm0f if;ESihf wifwifrw l wYkd iG f jrifjh rifch if0ifpm;aom uav;
wpfa,muf arG;zGm;Ny;D tm;vH;k cspMf uyHu k kd aemufqufwJG ½du k uf m
Zmwford ;f vdu k af vonf/
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vGr;f qGwNf y;D oem;u½kPm t&deS w f ufaepOfvnf;aumif;?
Zmwford ;f vdu k yf gu y&dowf pGNJ iyd gonf/
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Zmwfum;rsm;udMk unfNh y;D ½Hx k rJ S rsu&f nfow k cf g xGuv f mMuol
trsKd ;orD;rsm;tm; awGUcJzh ;l onfukd owd& rdygonf/
]]oufv,f}} Zmwfum;onf tvGr;f ESihf Zmwford ;f
&ef jzpfygvsuf vlrBuKd urf nfp;dk aomaMumifh aemufqufwJG
[moaESmonfh tydck ef;xnhv f u kd o f nft h wGuf id&k rvd?k &,f&r
vdjk zpfNy;D vlBuKd uef nf;jcif; jzpfaumif;jzpfrnf [k,q l rdygonf/
xdaYk Mumifh ppfNy;D acwfoYkd a&mufaomtcg uRef
awmfEpS Nf cKd upf vJG rf;cJah om ]]oufv,f}} Zmwfum;udk jyefvnf
jyvdo k jzifh OD;wif,t k m; xdZk mwfum;udk jyefjyvdak Mumif;? od&Yk m
wGif vGr;f cef;ta&mufwiG f Zmwford ;f vdo k nfh taMumif;udk
ajymjy&m ]]ud&k ifBuKd uo f vdv k yk yf g}} [k cGijhf yKcsuaf y;ygonf/
ol\ cGijhf yKcsu&f í uReaf wmfu qef;oD&D ½ky&f iS ½f kH
wGif aemufq;Hk tcef;udk jzKwu f m tvGr;f ESiZhf mwford ;f Ny;D jyef
vnfjyo&m arQmrf eS ;f onft h wdik ;f atmifjrifrI &&dcS yhJ gonf/
xdZk mwfum;½du k u f ;l csed w
f iG f wifwifrEl k iS h f ausm0f if;
"mwfyHktu,f'rD'g½dkufwmwpfOD;ESifh ol\oufv,f 99
wdo Yk nfvnf; tjyifwiG f csp&f nfv;l ptcgjzpfí tcspcf ef;rsm;ü
trlt&mrsm; tvGeaf umif;Muonf/ jrifjh rifch ifonfvnf;
toHww d Zf mwfum;rsm; ½du k u f ;l ae&mrS toHxu G Zf mwfum;ü
yxrqHk; yg0ifcGifh&í txl;BudK;pm; o½kyfaqmifxm;\/
oufv,focD si;f onf q&ma&Tjynfat;u r[m*DwrS pmom;
rsm;,lí txl;pyfqakd om oDcsi;f jzpfavonf/
'g½du k wf m "mwfyt kH u,f'rDO;D wif,\ k cGijhf yK
csut f & jrifjh rifch if\tavmif;uav;udk ausm0f if;u ayGUcsv D m
Ny;D wifwifru l n§Kd ;i,fpmG avQmufvmaom ae&mwGif ]]Ny;D ygNy}D }
[laompmwef;udk xd;k vdu k &f m arQmrf eS ;f onft h wdik ;f atmifjrif
rI&&dyS gonf/
ppfrjzpfru D ½du k uf ;l jyocJah om þ]]oufv,f}}
Zmwfum;udk ppfNy;D acwf jyefvnfjyocsed w f iG f jrifjh rifch ifonf
emrnfausmrf if;orD;jzpfaeNy;D yxrtBurd f tu,f'rDuykd if
qGwcf ;l &&dNS y;D csed jf zpfygonf/
oli,f&, G f EkysKd pOfu ½du k uf ;l cJah om ]]oufv,f}}
Zmwfum;udk cifyeG ;f onf OD;cifarmifñeG EYf iS hf vma&mufMunf½h I
tm;ay;&m qef;oD&½D w kH iG f vl0ifyrkd sm;vmNy;D oufv,fZmwf
um;rSm jyefvnfqef;opfomG ;cJyh gawmhownf;/

vHkrav;trsdK;orD;r*¾Zif;?
pufwifbmv? 1995/