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f (0) = 0. If n 6= 0, we calculate the Fourier: Figure 1. f (θ) = θ (π − θ), with odd extension

This document provides solutions to problems from an assignment on Fourier series. 1) It calculates the Fourier coefficients of the function f(θ) = θ(π - θ) on the interval [0,π] and shows that its Fourier series converges to the function. 2) It calculates the Fourier coefficients of the function f(θ) = |θ| on the interval [−π, π] and shows that its Fourier series converges to the function. 3) It shows that the sum of the reciprocals of the squares of the positive integers is π2/6, which is needed to evaluate one of the Fourier coefficients.

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Alexander Lopez
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8 views

f (0) = 0. If n 6= 0, we calculate the Fourier: Figure 1. f (θ) = θ (π − θ), with odd extension

This document provides solutions to problems from an assignment on Fourier series. 1) It calculates the Fourier coefficients of the function f(θ) = θ(π - θ) on the interval [0,π] and shows that its Fourier series converges to the function. 2) It calculates the Fourier coefficients of the function f(θ) = |θ| on the interval [−π, π] and shows that its Fourier series converges to the function. 3) It shows that the sum of the reciprocals of the squares of the positive integers is π2/6, which is needed to evaluate one of the Fourier coefficients.

Uploaded by

Alexander Lopez
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solution to Assignment 2

4(a) (p.59)

Figure 1. f () = ( ), with odd extension 4(b). If n = 0, it is clear that f (0) = 0. If n = 0, we calculate the Fourier coecients as follows: 1 f (n) = f ()ein d 2 i = ( ) sin nd 2 i ( )(sin n)d, = 0 where we have used f is an odd function and ei = cos + i sin . Using integration by part, we have

sin nd =
0

(1)n , n

2 sin nd =

2 ((1)n ) 2 + 3 ((1)n 1). n n

Hence,
4i 2i , if n is odd; n n3 (1 ( 1) ) = 3 0, if n is even. n This shows the Fourier series of f is given by 8 sin n . f (n)ein = n1,n=odd n3 n=odd,nZ

f (n) =

1 As |f (n)| C n n 3 < , for some constant C > 0, the Fourier series is equal to f (Corollary 2.3 of the book).

f () =

sin n . n3 n1,n=odd

6(a) (p. 60)


3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5

Figure 2. f () = ||
1 0

6(b). If n = 0, f (0) =

. If n = 0, using f is even d = 2 f (n) =


1 f ()ein d 2 1 = || cos nd 2 1 cos nd. = 0 1 + (1)n = . n2

6(c). Note that f (n)e

in

+ f (n)e

in

cos n, if n is odd ; = we have, if n = 0; 0, if n is even. 4 cos n. n2 n=odd


2

4 n2 , 2

f ()

+ 2 n1,

1 6(d). As |f (n)| C n n 2 < , for some constant C > 0, the Fourier series is equal to f (Corollary 2.3 of the book). 4 f () = + cos n. 2 n1,n=odd n2

Taking = 0, we have 0 = f (0) = This implies that 4 . 2 n1,n=odd n2

1 2 = . 2 n 8 n1,n=odd 1 1 1 2 1 = + = + n2 n1,n=odd n2 n1,n=even n2 8 4


Finally,

n=1

n=1

1 . n2

This implies

n=1

1 2 = . n2 6

10 (p.61) As f C k and f (2 ) = f (0), we have by successive integration by part (for n = 0), 1 f (n) = f ()ein d 2 1 = f ()ein d 2in . = . .
1 f (k) ()ein d. 2 (in)k Note that f C k means f (k) is continuous on T. This means there exists M > 0 such that |f (k) (x)| M for all x. Hence, 1 C |f (n)| | |M , k 2 (in) |n|k

1 ). where C is some constant independent of n. This shows that f (n) = O( |n |k

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