Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 178 views

    Heights and Distances

    Uploaded by

    Akshay Kakani
    1. The document discusses important trigonometric formulae related to heights and distances, including the sine, cosine and tangent ratios, trigonometric identities, and definitions of angle of elevation and depression. 2. Several example problems are worked out applying these concepts to find heights, distances and widths given various angle and length information. 3. Key details include formulas for tangent, definitions of elevation and depression angles, and multi-step solutions demonstrating application of trigonometric ratios.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Heights and Distances

    Uploaded by

    Akshay Kakani
    178 views5 pages
    1. The document discusses important trigonometric formulae related to heights and distances, including the sine, cosine and tangent ratios, trigonometric identities, and definitions of angle of elevation and depression. 2. Several example problems are worked out applying these concepts to find heights, distances and widths given various angle and length information. 3. Key details include formulas for tangent, definitions of elevation and depression angles, and multi-step solutions demonstrating application of trigonometric ratios.

    Original Description:

    Aptitude questions R S Agrawal

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document discusses important trigonometric formulae related to heights and distances, including the sine, cosine and tangent ratios, trigonometric identities, and definitions of angle of elevation and depression. 2. Several example problems are worked out applying these concepts to find heights, distances and widths given various angle and length information. 3. Key details include formulas for tangent, definitions of elevation and depression angles, and multi-step solutions demonstrating application of trigonometric ratios.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    178 views5 pages

    Heights and Distances

    Uploaded by

    Akshay Kakani
    1. The document discusses important trigonometric formulae related to heights and distances, including the sine, cosine and tangent ratios, trigonometric identities, and definitions of angle of elevation and depression. 2. Several example problems are worked out applying these concepts to find heights, distances and widths given various angle and length information. 3. Key details include formulas for tangent, definitions of elevation and depression angles, and multi-step solutions demonstrating application of trigonometric ratios.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    34.

    HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES



    IMPORTANT FACTS AND FORMULAE

    1.We already know that:
    In a rt.angled AOAB, where ZBOA = u,
    i)sin u = Perpendicular/Hypotenuse = AB/OB;
    ii)cos u = Base/Hypotenuse = OA/OB;
    iii)tan u = Perpendicular/Base = AB/OA;
    iv)cosec u = 1/sin u = OB/AB;
    v)sec u = 1/cos u = OB/OA;
    vi)cot u = 1/tan u = OA/AB.




    2. Trigonometrical identities:
    i)sin
    2
    u + cos
    2
    u = 1.
    ii)1+tan
    2
    u = sec
    2
    u
    iii)1+cot
    2
    u = cosec
    2
    u

    3. Values of T-ratios:-

    u 0 30 45 60 90
    Sin u 0 1/\2 \3/2 1
    Cos u 1 \3/2 1/\2 0
    Tan u 0 1/\3 1 \3 Not defined

    4. Angle of Elevation: Suppose a man from a point O looks up an object P, placed above
    the level of his eye. Then, the angle which the line of sight makes with the horizontal
    through O, is called the angle of elevation of P as seen from O.

    Angle of elevation of P from O = ZAOP.

    5. Angle of Depression: Suppose a man from a point O looks down at an object P, placed
    below the level of his eye, then the angle which the line of sight makes with the
    horizontal through O, is called the angle of depression of P as seen from O.






    hypotenuse


    u

    Base

    SOLVED EXAMPLES

    Ex.1.If the height of a pole is 2\3 metres and the length of its shadow is 2 metres,
    find the angle of elevation of the sun.






    2\3m


    u
    C 2m A


    Sol. Let AB be the pole and AC be its shadow.
    Let angle of elevation, ZACB=u.
    Then, AB = 2\3 m AC = 2 m.

    Tan u = AB/AC = 2\3/2 = \3 u = 60

    So, the angle of elevation is 60




    Ex.2. A ladder leaning against a wall makes an angle of 60 with the ground. If the
    length of the ladder is 19 m, find the distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall.
    B

    2)

    19m



    60
    C A
    X
    Sol. Let AB be the wall and BC be the ladder.
    Then, ZACB = 60 and BC = 19 m.
    Let AC = x metres
    AC/BC = cos 60 x/19 = x=19/2 = 9.5

    Distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall = 9.5 m

    Ex.3. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower at a point on the ground is 30. On
    walking 24 m towards the tower, the angle of elevation becomes 60. Find the height
    of the tower.



    B


    h



    30 60
    C 24m D A

    Sol. Let AB be the tower and C and D be the points of observation. Then,

    AB/AD = tan 60 = \3 => AD = AB/\3 = h/\3

    AB/AC = tan 30 = 1/\3 AC=AB x \3 = h\3

    CD = (AC-AD) = (h\3h/\3)

    h\3-h/\3 = 24 => h=12\3 = (121.73) = 20.76

    Hence, the height of the tower is 20.76 m.

    Ex.4. A man standing on the bank of a river observes that the angle subtended by a
    tree on the opposite bank is 60. When he retires 36 m from the bank, he finds the
    angle to be 30. Find the breadth of the river.



    B



    h


    30 60

    C 36m D x A


    Sol. Let AB be the tree and AC be the river. Let C and D be the two positions of the
    man. Then,
    ZACB=60, ZADB=30 and CD=36 m.
    Let AB=h metres and AC=x metres.
    Then, AD=(36+x)metres.
    AB/AD=tan 30=1/\3 => h/(36+x)=1/\3
    h=(36+x)/ \3 .....(1)
    AB/AC=tan 60=\3 => h/x=\3
    h=\3x .....(2)
    From (i) and (ii), we get:
    (36+x)/ \3= \3x => x=18 m.

    So, the breadth of the river = 18 m.

    Ex.5. A man on the top of a tower, standing on the seashore finds that a boat coming
    towards him takes 10 minutes for the angle of depression to change from 30
    to 60. Find the time taken by the boat to reach the shore from this position.



    B



    h



    30 60
    D A
    x C y
    Sol. Let AB be the tower and C and D be the two positions of the boat.

    Let AB=h, CD=x and AD=y.

    h/y=tan 60=\3 => y=h/\3

    h/(x+y)=tan 30 = 1/\3 => x+y=\3h

    x=(x+y)-y = (\3h- h/\3)=2h/\3

    Now, 2h/\3 is covered in 10 min.

    h/\3 will be covered in (10(\3/2h)(h/\3))=5 min

    Hence, required time = 5 minutes.

    Ex 6. There are two temples, one on each bank of a river, just opposite to each
    other. One temple is 54 m high. From the top of this temple, the angles of
    depression of the top and the foot of the other temple are 30 and 60
    respectively. Find the width of the river and the height of the other temple.



    B





    30
    D E

    h
    60

    C A

    Sol. Let AB and CD be the two temples and AC be the river.
    Then, AB = 54 m.
    Let AC = x metres and CD=h metres.

    ZACB=60, ZEDB=30
    AB/AC=tan 60=\3
    AC=AB/\3=54/\3=(54/\3\3/\3)=18m
    DE=AC=18\3
    BE/DE=tan 30=1/\3
    BE=(18\31/\3)=18 m
    CD=AE=AB-BE=(54-18) m = 36 m.
    So, Width of the river = AC = 18\3 m=181.73 m=31.14m
    Height of the other temple = CD= 18 m.

    You might also like