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Relations and Functions: By: Jeffrey Bivin Lake Zurich High School

The document defines relations and functions, and provides examples of each. It discusses the domain and range of relations and functions. A relation is a set of ordered pairs, while a function is a relation where each input is paired with exactly one output. The document also demonstrates operations that can be performed on functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It gives examples of composite functions where one function is applied within another, and calculates the domain of the composite functions.

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Ida Yuni Fitri
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18 views

Relations and Functions: By: Jeffrey Bivin Lake Zurich High School

The document defines relations and functions, and provides examples of each. It discusses the domain and range of relations and functions. A relation is a set of ordered pairs, while a function is a relation where each input is paired with exactly one output. The document also demonstrates operations that can be performed on functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It gives examples of composite functions where one function is applied within another, and calculates the domain of the composite functions.

Uploaded by

Ida Yuni Fitri
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relations and Functions

By: Jeffrey Bivin


Lake Zurich High School
[email protected]

Last Updated: November 14, 2007

Definitions
Relation A set of ordered pairs.
Domain The set of all inputs (x-values)
of a relation.
Range The set of all outputs (y-values)
of a relation.

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Example 1
Relation { (-4, 3), (-1, 7), (0, 3), (2, 5)}
Domain { -4, -1, 0, 2 }
Range { 3, 7, 5 }

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Example 2
Relation
{ (-2, 2), (5, 17), (3, 3), (5, 1), (1, 1), (7, 2) }
Domain { -2, 5, 3, 1, 7 }
Range { 2, 17, 3, 1 }

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Example 3
Relation y = 3x + 2
Domain {x: x R }
Range {y: y R }

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Example 4
1
5
7

-1

11

Relation
{(1, 0), (5, 2), (7, 2), (-1, 11)}

Domain {1, 5, 7, -1}


Range {0, 2, 11}
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Definition
Function A relation in which each
element of the domain ( x value) is
paired with exactly one element of the
range (y value).

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Are these functions?


{ (0, 2), (1, 0), (2, 6), (8, 12) }
{ (0, 2), (1, 0), (2, 6), (8, 12), (9, 6) }
{ (3, 2), (1, 0), (2, 6), (8, 12), (3, 5), }
{ (3, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2), (8, 2), (7, 2) }
{ (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 5), (1, -3), (1, -5) }
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Function Operations
f(x) = x2 + 2x + 1
f(x) + g(x) =
=

g(x) = 3x + 2

x2 + 2x + 1 + 3x + 2
x2 + 5x + 3

f(x) - g(x) = (x2 + 2x + 1) - (3x + 2)


= x2 - x - 1

Domain?

{ x : x R}

{ x : x R}

f(x) g(x) = (x2 + 2x + 1) (3x + 2)


= 3x3 + 2x2 + 6x2 + 4x + 3x + 2
= 3x3 + 8x2 + 7x + 2
{ x : x R}
(x2 + 2x + 1)
2
{
}
x
:
x

R
,
x

f(x) g(x) =
3
(3x + 2)
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Composite Functions
f(x) = x2 + 2x + 1

g(x) = 3x + 2

Domain?

f(g(x)) = f(3x+2)
= (3x+2)2 + 2(3x+2) + 1
= 9x2 + 12x + 4 + 6x + 4 + 1
{ x : x R}
= 9x2 + 18x + 9
g(f(x)) =
=
=
=
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

g(x2 + 2x + 1)
3(x2 + 2x + 1) + 2
3x2 + 6x + 3 + 2
3x2 + 6x + 5

{ x : x R}

Composite Functions
f(x) = x2 - 4x + 5

g(x) = x - 3

f(g(x)) = f(x-3)
= (x-3)2 - 4(x-3) + 5
= x2 - 6x + 9 - 4x + 12 + 5
= x2 - 10x + 26
g(f(x)) =
=
=
=
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Domain?

{ x : x R}

g(x2 - 4x + 5)
(x2 - 4x + 5) - 3
x2 - 4x + 5 - 3
x2 - 4x + 2

{ x : x R}

Composite Functions
f(x) = x2 + 3x + 5

g ( x) =

x 3

f(g(x)) = f( x 3 )
= ( x 3 )2 + 3( x 3) + 5
= x 3 + 3 x 3 + 5
= x + 2 + 3 x 3
x3>0
x >3

Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

Domain?

[ 3, + )

Composite Functions
g ( x) =

f(x) = x2 + 3x + 5

x 3

Domain?

g(f(x)) = g(x2 + 3x + 5)
= ( x2 + 3x + 5 ) 3
= x2 + 3x + 5 - 3
=
x 2 + 3x + 2
x2 + 3x + 2 > 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) > 0

-3
Jeff Bivin -- LZHS

( , 3] [ 2, + )
-2

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