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School of Management Thought

This document discusses different schools of management thought that have been developed over time to explain the nature and content of management. It notes that while different authors have categorized the schools in various ways, there is no unanimity on how many approaches there are or clarity on what each suggests. The document goes on to describe several specific approaches to management thought, including the empirical, human behavior, social systems, socio-technical systems, decision theory, systems, contingency, and management science approaches.

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11K views12 pages

School of Management Thought

This document discusses different schools of management thought that have been developed over time to explain the nature and content of management. It notes that while different authors have categorized the schools in various ways, there is no unanimity on how many approaches there are or clarity on what each suggests. The document goes on to describe several specific approaches to management thought, including the empirical, human behavior, social systems, socio-technical systems, decision theory, systems, contingency, and management science approaches.

Uploaded by

sarath
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Manageme nt

School of Management Thought.


 It refers to the various approaches
developed over time to time on managerial
analysis.
 Each school tries to explain the nature and
content of management, but with different
belief, view and formats
 Different authors have categorized the
schools into different groups.

 Stogdill into 18 groups


 Koontz, O’ Donnell into 11 approaches.

 So there is neither unanimity over the


number of approaches nor clarity about what
a particular approach suggests.
 This situation is called as Management
Theory Jungle by Koontz.
Empirical Approach
 Also known as Case Approach or
Management Experience Approach
 Management is considered as a study of
managers in practice.
 Study successful managers experiences
 Attempts to duplicate by drawing general
conclusions.
Human Behaviour Approach
 Also known as human relations / leadership
/ behavioural science approach
 Management is getting things done through
others, managers should understand
human behaviour.
 Emphasis greater productivity through
motivation and good human relations.
Social Systems Approach
 Organization is a cultural system
composed of people who work in
cooperation.
 Social relationship exist between the
members of the organization
 Cooperation among group members is
necessary for the achievement of
organizational objectives.
Socio -Technical systems Approach
 An organization is a combination of
 Social system – system governed by social
laws
 Technical system – consisting of
technological forces like physical setting of
work, rules , procedures etc
 Any change in one of the systems must be
made in consideration with the other only.
Decision theory Approach
 Management is a decision making function
 Managers of the organization are rational
decision makers and problem solvers.
 Quality of decisions affect the
organizational effectiveness.
Systems Approach
 A system - An assemblage of things
connected or interrelated so as to form a
complex unit which is wholly composed of
parts and subparts which is orderly
arranged.
 Management acts as different systems
Social system Dynamic system
Open system Adaptive system
Contingency Approach
 Otherwise known as Situational Approach.
 There cannot be a particular management
action which is suitable for all situations.
 It emphasis that the action for a problem /
cause should be in accordance with the
analysis of external environment.
Management Science Approach
 Also known as Mathematical or
Quantitative Measurement Approach
 Management is regarded as a problem
solving mechanism, with the help of
mathematical tools and technique.
 Management can be described in terms of
mathematical symbols and data.

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