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Concept of Computer Files

This document defines key computer file concepts and terms. It explains that a file is a collection of related records containing fields and data items. A record contains one or more related fields, with each field holding a data item like a name, age, or address. Data items can be elementary, containing a single piece of data, or group items, containing sub-items. The document also outlines different types of data and file structure organization.

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4K views9 pages

Concept of Computer Files

This document defines key computer file concepts and terms. It explains that a file is a collection of related records containing fields and data items. A record contains one or more related fields, with each field holding a data item like a name, age, or address. Data items can be elementary, containing a single piece of data, or group items, containing sub-items. The document also outlines different types of data and file structure organization.

Uploaded by

power2014
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCEPT OF COMPUTER FILES

OBJECTIVES
Define some basic terms with respect to computer

files. List and explain various types of data items Construct a simple sketch for the computer file structure.

Definition of terms
Database: A database is integrated collection of

related files such as student database. File: A file is a logical collection of related records (with the same fields) for a set of occurrence. Record: A record is a collection of related field (data items) Field: A field is collection of related bytes that forms meaningful data items such as name, age address etc.

Data Item: is a unit of data contained in a record,

describing a particular attribute( such as name, age, address etc) and requiring one or several bits , bytes or words to represent an entity. Data item that can be divided into sub-item are called group item. E.g. Name (first name, middle name and last name) Data item that cannot be divided into sub-item are called elementary item. E.g. age

Byte: A byte is a collection of related bits. A byte is

equal to one character. Bits: A bit is an acronym for binary digit. A unit of information expressed as either a 0 or 1 in binary notation.

TYPES OF DATA ITEMS


Numeric data
Alphabetic data Alphanumeric data

FILE STRUCTURE ORGANIZATION


File structure refers to the way data is structured into

fields and records with in a file, i.e. the relationships that exist between data item.

FILE

RECORD

RECORD

FIELD

FIED

FIELD

FIELD

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

BYTE

ASSIGNMENT
Write a short note on the following:
Serial file organization. Sequential file organization.

Indexed sequential file organization.


Random file organization.

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