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Cepstral Signal Analysis For Pitch Detection: 1.1 Definition of The Cepstral Coefficients

Cepstral signal analysis can be used to determine the pitch of a periodic signal. It works by taking the Fourier transform of the log of the power spectrum of a signal. This results in a cepstrum where peaks indicate the fundamental periodicity or pitch of the signal. For example, analyzing a segment of speech results in a cepstrum with a peak in the higher quefrencies that indicates the period of the fundamental frequency, allowing determination of the pitch. Cepstral analysis thus provides a way to find the pitch even when just some harmonics are present in the spectrum.

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81 views3 pages

Cepstral Signal Analysis For Pitch Detection: 1.1 Definition of The Cepstral Coefficients

Cepstral signal analysis can be used to determine the pitch of a periodic signal. It works by taking the Fourier transform of the log of the power spectrum of a signal. This results in a cepstrum where peaks indicate the fundamental periodicity or pitch of the signal. For example, analyzing a segment of speech results in a cepstrum with a peak in the higher quefrencies that indicates the period of the fundamental frequency, allowing determination of the pitch. Cepstral analysis thus provides a way to find the pitch even when just some harmonics are present in the spectrum.

Uploaded by

souvik5000
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cepstral signal analysis for pitch detection

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(1.1)

Cepstral signal analysis is one out of several methods that enables us to nd out whether a signal contains periodic elements. The method can also be used to determine the pitch of a signal.

1.1 Denition of the cepstral coefcients


The cepstral coefcients are found by using the following equation c() = F {log(|F {x[n]}|2 )}

where F denotes fourier transform and x[n] is the signal in the time domain. |F {x[n]}|2 is the power spectrum estimat of the signal. When using cepstral analysis we are using new expressions to denote the characteristics. is the quefrency and the magnitude of c() is called the gamnitude.

1.2 Properties of the cepstrum


From equation 1.1 follows that the cepstral coefcients describe the periodicity of the spectrum. A peak in the cepstrum denotes that the signal is a linear combination of multiples of the pitch frequency. The pitch period can be found as the number of the coefcient where the peak occurs. To describe this property an example is used. Figure 1.1 shows a segment of speech which we want to analyze using the cepstrum. The spectrum of the signal is shown at gure 1.2. It is clear that the signal is periodic due to the spikes with equal distances in the spectrum. However it is difcult to determine the pitch frequency since the different harmonics not necessarily is present in the spectrum. Figure 1.3 shows the cepstrum of the signal. The cepstrum consists of two elements. An element from the excitation sequence (a pulse train for voiced speech) in the higher quefrencies. The other element originates from the vocal tract impulse response and is present in the lower quefrencies. 1

CHAPTER 1. CEPSTRAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS FOR PITCH DETECTION

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Figure 1.1: A segment of a speech signal.


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Figure 1.2: The spectrum of the speech signal.

The peak in the higher quefrencies indicates that there are some periodicity in the signal. The peak is located at the period of the fundamental frequency.

1.2. PROPERTIES OF THE CEPSTRUM

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Figure 1.3: The cepstrum of the speech signal.

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