Scribd
Upload
25 views

Line Protection

Uploaded by

Soukchaleune Thongsavanh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
25 views

Line Protection

Uploaded by

Soukchaleune Thongsavanh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Line Protection

Distance Relay(21)


(Distance Relay:21)

Fault
Impedance: Z
Impedance :
Impedance of lines
Impedance of arc fault
Earth return impedance


(Balance point)
Relay Reach

Relay 21

Over current Relay

Distance Relays

3 :
Impedance
Reactance
Mho

Impedance Relay:

Arc
Impedance impedance
fault U/I = .
fault U/I = .

Impedance Relay:

Relay

: T

T K1 I K 2V K 3
2

K 1 , K2, K3
I , V RMS -----

Impedance Relay:

-- Fault -- --
T=0

T K1 I K 2V K 3 0
2

K3
V
K1

2
I
K2
K2 I 2
V
Z
I

K3
K1

K2
K2 I 2

V
K1

const.
I
K2

Impedance Relay:

Impedance Z -------------Relay
V

K1
const.
K2

Impedance Z -- R-
X Curve

R- X Curve
X

- -- --
--

= 0 - --- in
phase z --- R+

Z3

=180 ---- out


od phase Z -- R----

Z2
Z1

= 90 -- - - I leg Voltage , Z = X+
= 90 -- - - I leg Voltage , Z = X
Directional
characteristic

R- X Curve
relay origin 0
R X
X

Relay Fault
Arc
Z3

T K1 I K 2 (V CI )
2

Z2
Z1

C const.
R

Operating Characteristic of
Impedance Relay

Reactance Relay

Over current Relay


current Voltage Directional Element
X

-R

Operating
Characteristic

+R

------ Load
Load -- unity
Power factor

Distance Type Mho

Phase Fault --
- ---Selectivity -- Relay - - --- arc resistance -
---- Fault ---
Impedance --
-Relay - 1 contact

Fundamental of Distance
Protection

Distance Protection ----


impedance -- ---------- relay 21.
------Zf (fault Impedance)-----------------Z l
--- Zf<Zl ------ --- 21 -
CB
21

Z=Vsc/Isc

Relay Impedance (Secondary


Impedance)

Distance Protection are fed with current and


Voltage measured signal from primary system
via instrument transformer CT and PT
Relay measured a secondary impedance which
result from the transformer ratio CT and PT
Zsec=(Iprim/Isec)/(Vprim/Vsec)*Zprim
Example:
Rate System voltage 110KV,CT=600/1A,
VT ratio=110KV/110V
Zsec=(600/1)/(110/0.1)*Zprim = 0.545Zprim

Zone Protection

--Zone---

-------3
(Zones) -- Zone1,Zone 2-

----

Zone 1 : - 80%-90%---------- Overreach -----


Zone 2 : -120-150%-----------
Zone 1 --
Zone 3 : -- 250%------backup zone1 Zone 2

Distance Protection with signaling Channel


()

F Distance relay
A B B- A

ZA1

ZB1

Basic Distance Schema


Z1
D

Z2

Z3

2
1

2
1

Z1

Z2

Z3

Zone1

Zone1

Zone2

Trip B

T
Z2

1
Zone3
T Z3

Zone2

Trip A
Relay B

Relay A

T
Z2

T
Z3

Zone3

Zone 1Extension
Z1

Z1 ext
Z2

2
1
Z1 ext
Z2

Z3

Z3

Z1

2
1

79 reset

79 reset
Zone1ext.

Zone1

&

&

1
Trip A

Zone2

Zone3

T
Z2
T
Z3

Trip B

T
Z2
T
Z3

Zone1ext.

Zone1

Zone2

Zone3

Permissive Under-reach transfer Trip


(PUTT)
Z1
Z2

Z3

2
1
Z2

Z3

Z1

2
1

Receive

Receive

Send

Send

Zone1

Zone1
Zone2

Zone3

T
Z3
&

T
Z2

T
Z2

Trip A

Trip B

T
Z3

Zone2

Zone3

&
T

You might also like