UNIVERSITY OF NI

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Design and Calculation of Cable-Stayed Bridge

Diploma Thesis

Ana Spasojevi

Task
Design a pedestrian concrete bridge over the river Niava in Ni, according to the conditions defined by:
cross section of the regulated river channel (waterways) site plan (location plan) technical solution for the bridge substructure

Technical data:
span of the bridge: 70.0 m available deck width: 4.0 m free height above the flood flow: 0.70 m installations on the bridge: electrical installations for bridge illumination material of the deck: reinforced concrete, prestressed

Content of the presentation

Task General data of the bridge Description of bridge structures

superstructure:

girder pylon stay cables

substructure

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis dynamic analysis

Some details
reinforcement plans assemblage of main girder
3

General data of the bridge

According to the given conditions and the accepted concept of precast superstructures the bridge is designed as a cable-stayed beam, with two spans 14.0+56.0=70.0 m The superstructure of the bridge consist of: prestressed concrete deck with 3+2x3 stay cables and one pylon placed on the left river flood plan. Finished road level is set low in the bridge zone; to respect the conditions of free opening above the flood flow, the designed solution has small constant height of the deck: 77.0 cm between the finished road level to the bottom surface of the structure. The bridge is of constant height along the whole span

Desna obala
197.450

Leva obala

196.300 195.600
195.60

193.200

193.125

193.125

M .V. 190.525 190.025

General data of the bridge

view of the bridge: upstream side

Desna obala
197.450

Leva obala

196.300 195.600
195.60

193.200

193.125

193.125

M .V. 190.525 190.025

Beside the functionality, strict vibrations and stability conditions, the aesthetic appeal of the bridge was important design constraint. Finished road level is straight and inclined longitudinally towards the left river bank (i=1.37%)
5

General data of the bridge

plan of the bridge

2%

25

2%

420

25

TOK
197.45 9 197.35
9 197.31 10 10

330 1400

6 197.11

25

25

8 196.86

520

420

1400

1400
25
1.375 %
6 196.39 196.30

7660 1400

25

350

175

175 1400 330

350

The center line of the bridge is straight, while the center line of the river flow in the bridge zone has curvature of 400.0 m in radius, and intersects the center line of the bridge almost perpendicularly. The deck width is 4.2 m, with both side lateral inclination of 2.0 % from the center line Free profile is 2x2.0/2.5 m along the whole span - passing beside the pylon or stay cables.

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder

Spanning structure:
prestressed concrete girder (C 45), boxed cross section. formed of precaste segments, 14.0 m of length. the height of the girder is constant along the span, with 73.0 cm in the center line, and 68.5 cm form the bottom edge of corona to the bottom surface of girder (intrados)
215.119

D esna obala L eva obala

195.600
195.626
196.396 196.589

196.868

197.116

197.319

197.359

195.000

195.819 195.619

196.098

196.346 V. V .195.00

196.549

196.589

195.60

193.200

193.125 192.525 192.525

193.125

193.200 192.313

Nasuto tlo
190.500 NPV

192.219 190.419 M .V .190.525 190.025

Nasuto tlo

Peskoviti {ljunak
186.700

2 x HW O120 / l= 22.0 m

Laporovita glina

2 x HW O100 / l= 10.0 m

Zaglinjeni pesak

330

1400

1400

1400

1400

1400

330

7000

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder

beton in situ 420

nepokretna lezista

montazni nosac N1 985

b. in situ 130
pokretna lezista

montazni nosac N2 1225

b. in situ 80

montazni nosac N3 1320

b. in situ 80

montazni nosac N4 1320

b. in situ 80

montazni nosac N5 1485

pokretna lezista

40

600 260 260 60 115 115 60

16

25

16

292

25

25

40

100 100 75 75 230 70 70 350 350 1400 350 350

5565 6555 120 120

230 350 350 1400 350

230 10 8030120 120 120 350

230 350 350 1400 7000 350

230 10 8030120 120 120 350

230 350 350 1400 350

230 10 8030 150 120 350

200 350 350 1400 350 350 70 70

The part of the girder at the left pier, 0.7+3.5 m long, is cast-insitu solid deck. The cross section of the girder is of shape of trapezium, consisting of two chambers, bordered by the upper deck, two side ribs and one middle rib (in the center line of the bridge).
8

200

16

460

16

16

16

200

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder

Section in the support zone

Cross sections of the girder :

section in the span

2%

2%

2% 2%

Section in the pylon zone

2%

2%

Description of structures
superstructure: girder
215.119

Desna obala Leva obala

195.600
195.626
196.396 196.589

196.868

197.116

197.319

197.359

195.000

195.819 195.619

196.098

196.346 V. V.195.00

196.549

196.589

195.60

193.200

193.125 192.525 192.525

193.125

193.200 192.313

Nasuto tlo
190.500 NPV

192.219 190.419 M .V .190.525 190.025

Nasuto tlo

Peskoviti {ljunak
186.700

2 x H W O120 / l= 22 0 m

Laporovita glina

2 x H W O100 / l= 10 0 m

Transversal girders:

main stiffener plates in the load bearing zones are 240 cm width. secondary stiffeners, in the main span, are 16 cm width Fixed end bearings are placed on the left shore pier, designed as prestressed linear hinges (pin joints) Free end bearings (in direction of bridges center line) are placed on the foundation pier of the pylon - elastomer, type NALb 200/250/41 10 on the right shore pier - elastomer, type NALb 200/250/107

Bearing pads:

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder prestressing

After assemblage of the parts of main girder, the girder is made longitudinally continual by means of longitudinal prestressing of cables:

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

2%

11

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder prestressing
Cross section of the main girder in IV i V field
2% 2%

2%

2%

12

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: girder prestressing

Anchorage zone at left shore pier

2% 2% 2%
2%

Anchorage zone at right shore pier

2% 2%

13

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: pylon
215.119

Desna obala Leva obala

195.600
195.626
196.396 196.589

196.868

197.116

197.319

197.359

195.000

195.819 195.619

196.098

196.346 V. V .195.00

196.549

196.589

195.60

193.200

193.125 192.525 192.525

193.125

193.200 192.313

Nasuto tlo
190.500 NPV

192.219 190.419 M .V .190.525 190.025

Nasuto tlo

Peskoviti {ljunak
186.700

2 x H W O120 / l= 22.0 m

L aporovita glina

2 x HW O100 / l= 10.0 m

Z aglinjeni pesak

330

1400

1400

1400

1400

1400

330

7000

Central concrete pier, (concrete grade 30), is placed 14 m on the left from the left abutment The pylon height (measured from footing to the top) is 19.5 m The pylon relies on the foundation pier, dimensions b/d/h = 140/ 400 /340 cm which relies on pile helmet (cushion head); piles are 1200 mm in diameter, l=22.0 m 14 (2HW drilled-in piles)

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: pylon
80 80

M B 30

First 1.5 m of pylon height the cross section of square shape, solid concrete, following 10.5 m the cross section is voided and mould, 120 x 120 cm, next 1.5 m the transition to the pylon head (solid mould cross section) head of pylon - solid mould cross section 160.0 x 160.0 cm

215.119

150 560 220 60 60 220

600

196.589
20 77

195.819 195.619
70 130 130 70

192.525 192.219 M B 30 190.419

15 60 60 165 600 165 60 60 15 180

520

100

200

M B 30

200

100

340

1200

1950

15

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables

Desna obala
197.450

Leva obala

196.300 195.600
195.60

193.200

193.125

193.125

M .V. 190.525 190.025

Three pairs of cables are placed between the left shore pier and the pylon, and they are bonded to the girder in the zone of bearing Between the pylon and the right shore pier three cables are placed, in the center line of the bridge. They are bonded to the girder at the main cross girders Stay cables are designed for the Freyssinet prestressing system

16

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables, type Freyssinet

17

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables

Anchorage types :
the cables are anchored in the girder at the zone of main transversal girders, transferring force by adjustable anchorage anchorages at the pylon are fixed.
70

DETALJ ANKEROVANJA KA BLOVA TI PA 12 H TI P PODESAVA JU CI H KOTVI 12 HDE 15 R

' 3 ' 2 ' 1

' = 50.485 1 ' 2 = 51.017

20

'

3 = 51.463

' K3

' K2

12 .5

K 1'

15 0

22

70 40
5

30

20 20

30

30
50 20

40

65 70

35 100

65

10

M ETA LNA M A SKA 35 100 65

3 =21.812

3 =51.463

2 =28.969

DETA LJ A NKEROV A NJA KA BLA K1 TI P KA BLA 19 H TI P PODESA V A JUCE KOTVE 19 HDE 15 R

14 20

2 =51.017

1 = 45.392

.5 24
1 =45.392 1 =50.485

16 38 19 4 41.5 31.5 73

35 50 24

M ETA LNA M A SKA 10 80 120 30 5 80 120

40

30

0 17 5

18

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables Details of adjustable anchorage

DETA LJ ANKEROV ANJA KA BLA K2 TI P KABLA 19 H TI P PODESA VA JU CE KOTVE 19 HDE 15 R

2 2 = 28.969

DETA LJ A NKEROV A NJA KA BLA K3 TI P KA BLA 19 H TI P PODESA VA JU CE KOTVE 19 HDE 15 R

3

20 14
3 = 21.812

20 14 170 24.5

170 24. 5

16 38 19 4 41.5 31.5 73

5 35 50 24

16 38 19 4 41.5 31.5 73

5 50 35 24

10

80 120

30

15

115 120

10

80 120

30

10 25 130

145

19

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables design

The criteria considered for structural design of stay cables:

ULS: load bearing capacity (maximal tensile force) SLS: deformation of spanning structure SLS and ULS: deformation and stability of pylon building and assemblage ability of structural segments possibility of replacing one cable the verification of the fatigue strength is not necessary done for pedestrian bridges, according to EUROCODE-2, appendix 107-cablestayed bridges Ultimate limit state is defined following EUROCODE-2, with safety factor s=1.50 for nominal tensioning stress for prestressing steel Serviceability limit state is defined following EUROCODE-2, for frequent constellations of loads, so that the tensile stress in cables does not overcome 0.45 fpk

20

Description of bridge structures

superstructure: stay cables design

Prestressing forces inserted into structure by the stay cables, are designed according to the following constraints : the pylon is kept vertical under action of dead load admissible stress and strain range in structural elements (mainly for main spanning structure mostly) The prestressing of stay cables is performed following the specific prestressing program

21

Description of bridge structures

substructure

Substructure of the bridge consists of two shore piers (abutments), and the foundation of the pylon.

196.396

195.600

88

320

290

320

195.626

195.000 NV V
430

193.200
50 50

192.700 190.500 NPV

M B 30

450

M B 15

600

100

186.700

100

450

50 50

280

700 100

320

185

50 400

A 330

50 400

185

Presek A -A

Presek F-F PLA N OPLA TE Levog obalnog stuba

22

Description of bridge structures

substructure
B
25 420 68 25 25 50 70 5 380 155 100

197.359

C D
20 80 160
55

20 20 136

20 30

370

30 20

196.389

108 20 77

25

195.60

430 408 211

20

193.200 192.313
100 230 100 50 165 165 50 430 50 10 89

360 280 100

HW [ ip O100 / l= 10.0m Presek A -A

380

430 30 100 2060 80 20 100 370 30

50 75

155

300 100

380

200

25 25 430 430 430 30 70 230 70 30

Pogled B-B PLA N OPLA TE DESNOG

380 280

OBA LNOG STUBA Presek D-D

430

25 25

Presek C-C

200

370

470

20 80

23

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

Three calculation models have been created to serve static analysis of the bridge, with element properties according to the building phase calculation model 1 - space frame, (with decomposition of the main girder in three girders)

24

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

composed main girder

calculation model 2 - space frame, with

calculation model 3 - plane frame

model 3 is used for calculation according to the Second odred theory 25

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

- geometry of the system

calculation model 1

26

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

Calculation model 1 - deformation of the

system in the phase of assembling (F02), before longitudinal continuity is done

27

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

formed system under dead load action, in time t=t0

Calculation model 1 - deformation of the

28

Analysis of bridge structures

static analysis

formed system under dead load and service load, in time t=t0

Calculation model 1 - deformation of the

29

Analysis of bridge structures

dynamic analysis

Three calculation models have been designed to serve dynamic analysis. Continual masses have been represented by system of discrete masses: calculation model D1 - space frame, with 11 + 6 oscillating masses

30

Analysis of bridge structures

dynamic analysis

main girder with 11 + 6 oscillating masses

calculation model D2 - space frame, composed

vibrating masses

calculation model D3 - plane frame, 11 + 6

31

Analysis of bridge structures

dynamic analysis

calculation model D3: modes of vibrations of the structure, vertical direction

Natural frequency of principal mode f=1.026 Hz (Q=G) f=0.868 Hz (Q=G+p)

III vibration mode

I vibration mode

IV vibration mode

II vibration mode

32

Some details...

reinforcement plans assemblage of structures

33

Reinforcement plans

Reinforcement of the pylon

6R25 9R25 R16

3 UR10/15

1 UR10/30 2 UR10/30

34

Reinforcement plans

Reinforcement of the main girder

35

Reinforcement plans

Reinforcement of the main girder

36

Assembling of main girder

[ EM A TSKI PRIKA Z JA RM A Popre~ni presek

Hidrauli~ka presa

Radna platforma

Cev O193 /

190.025

Cev O400 / Dubina zabijanja {ipa min. 5.0m 2500

1500

2900 h= promenljivo (5900)

h= promenljivo (1500)

For the accepted concept of precast building, during the phase of assemblage the girder relies on the temporary bearings - yokes

37

Assembling of main girder

[ EM A TSKI PRIKA Z JARM A Faza betoniranja spoja montaznih nosaca Podu` ni presek

[ EM A TSKI PRI KA Z JARM A Faza utezanja poduznih kablova i Faza utezanja kosih kablova-zatega Podu` ni presek

h= promenljivo (1500)

H idrauli~ka presa

H idrauli~ka presa

Radna platforma

Radna platforma

2900 h= promenljivo (5900)

Cev O193 /

Cev O193 /

1500

190.025

190.025

Cev O400 / Dubina zabijanja {ipa min. 5.0m 2000

Cev O400 / Dubina zabijanja {ipa min. 5.0m 2000

38

1500

2900 h= promenljivo (5900)

h= promenljivo (1500)

Pedestrian bridge over the river Niava in Ni

Desna obala
197.450

Leva obala

196.300 195.600
195.60

193.200

193.125

193.125

M .V. 190.525 190.025

2%

25

2%

420

25

TOK
197.45 197.359

9 197.31 10 10

330 1400

6 197.11

25

25

196.868

520

420

1400

1400

25

1.375 %

25

6 196.39 196.30

7660 1400

350

175

175 1400 330

350

39