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5.0 The Pid Algorithm: Key Concepts

The PID algorithm is commonly used in industrial process control and consists of proportional, integral, and derivative responses. It does not know the exact output needed but continuously adjusts the output to move the process towards the set point based on feedback. The PID must be tuned for each specific process in order to function properly. Each part of the PID equation must be understood to allow for proper tuning based on the process dynamics.

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52 views

5.0 The Pid Algorithm: Key Concepts

The PID algorithm is commonly used in industrial process control and consists of proportional, integral, and derivative responses. It does not know the exact output needed but continuously adjusts the output to move the process towards the set point based on feedback. The PID must be tuned for each specific process in order to function properly. Each part of the PID equation must be understood to allow for proper tuning based on the process dynamics.

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vk2you009
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5.

0 THE PID ALGORITHM


In industrial process control, the most common algorithm used (almost the only algorithm used) is the time-proven PIDProportional, Integral, Derivativealgorithm. KEY CONCEPTS The PID control algorithm does not know the correct output that will bring the process to the set point. The PID algorithm merely continues to move the output in the direction that should move the process toward the set point until the process reaches the set point. The algorithm must have feedback (process measurement) to perform. If the loop is not closed, that is, the loop is in manual or the path between the output to the input is broken or limited, the algorithm has no way to know what the output should be. Under these (open loop) conditions, the output is meaningless. The PID algorithm must be tuned for the particular process loop. Without such tuning, it will not be able to function. To be able to tune a PID loop, each of the terms of the PID equation must be understood. The tuning is based on the dynamics of the process response and is will be discussed in later chapters. THE PID RESPONSES The PID control algorithm is made of three basic responses, Proportional (or gain), integral (or reset), and derivative. In the next several sections we will discuss the individual responses that make up the PID controller. We will use the term called error for the difference between the process and the set point. If the controller is direct acting, the set point is subtracted from the measurement; if reverse acting the measurement is subtracted from the set point. Error is always in percent.

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