Safefood 360

Food Safety Management Software

WHITE PAPER
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Cleaning and Disinfection in Food Processing Operations

Contents
1 2 Reasons for Cleaning & Disinfecting Cleaning 2.1 Soil 2.2 Substrate 2.3 Cleaning energies 2.4 Chemical and physical reactions of cleaning 2.5 Detergents 3 Disinfection 3.1 Principles of disinfection 3.2 Biocidal effect 3.3 Disinfectants design and choice 4 Hygiene Equipment and Application Methods 4.1 Manual cleaning 4.2 Foam cleaning 4.3 Spray 4.4 Fogging 4.5 Machine Washing 5 6 Cleaning in Place (CIP) Cleaning Procedures 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9

Summary

Those responsible for the management of cleaning and disinfection in a food processing operation often do not fully understand the reasons for plant hygiene or the scientific principles and technology behind effective cleaning. This is essential in order to comply with legal and technical standards and ensure food hazards are controlled. This whitepaper deals with the essential knowledge required for effective cleaning programs within a food processing operation including reasons for cleaning, the chemistry, principles of disinfection, equipment and methods, GFSI requirements and monitoring of hygiene.

Contents
7 8 9 Validation of Cleaning Procedures Monitoring of Hygiene GFSI Requirements for Cleaning and Disinfection Reference Safefood 360 Products 11 11 13

1 Reasons for Cleaning & Disinfecting

Food safety management systems often place HACCP at the centre of control for specific food hazards. This makes sense particularly where a specific hazard linked to adverse impacts for the consumer can be identified. However, no matter how robust the HACCP system may be it requires a sound program of basic controls that address general hazards many of which may not be identified. These programs are described as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Pre-requisite Programs (PRP) and Control Points (CP) to name a few. Regardless of the term used they all represent the basic requirement for good practice to provide a safe environment for the manufacture of food. Among the most important of these is the need to clean and sanitize your plant and equipment sufficient to produce food free of physical, allergenic, chemical and microbiological hazards. In addition, it is important that employees understand the reasons why a food plant must be cleaned. Simply instructing people is seldom enough to maintain high standards they must also understand the reasons why including: To reduce the risks from food hazards food poisoning and foreign body contamination To comply with local and international legislation To meet specific customer requirements e.g. Tesco To meet the requirements of global food safety standards (GFSI) To maintain positive audit and inspection outcomes To allow maximum plant productivity To present a hygienic visual image To promote safe working conditions for staff, contractors and visitors To maintain product shelf-life To avoid pest infestation

At the most basic level, the visual appearance of a food factory is an indication of the standards and culture of the company. It has a strong impact on the perception of an auditor or visitor and can influence the overall outcome of audits and securing new business. For this reason the visual cleanliness of a company is as important as detailed HACCP plans. Cleaning costs money. It is often perceived as a necessary evil which does not add value to a product directly. The cost of cleaning and indeed the cost of not cleaning are seldom measured routinely by food companies. The typical cost elements of a cleaning programme include: Labor and supervision Water supply, treatment and purchase Water heating Cleaning equipment Chemicals

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Corrosion Monitoring Effluent Downtime

Of these, labor is normally the biggest factor accounting for over 60% of the total cleaning budget whether resourced under contract or in-house. When cost pressures come to bare usually labor is normally cut back. While this may save money in the short term, over time it will lead to a number of indirect costs including a reduction in shelf life, increase in product complaints, recalls, regulatory restriction and a loss of business. The viability of the business will ultimately be impacted. The next most significant costs are water and chemicals which can vary on the source and supplier. In this paper we will cover some of the factors impacting on cleaning and associated costs.

2 Cleaning
Cleaning is a physio-chemical process involving a number of factors.

2.1 Soil
In food processing operations soils and deposits originate from the ingredients used in the preparation of the product. These soils include the following:
Soil Fats, oils & greases Description These are triglycerides of fatty acids and vary from waxy solids to liquids. They are insoluble in water and can change when exposed to air and may oxidise and polymerise to become harder and more closely bonded to the surface. Exposure to high temperature may cause fats to carbonise. Fatty deposits can be recognised by their greasy feel and repellent properties. These are complex large molecules that are normally too large to dissolve in water. They have a specific shape that may change when exposed to high temperatures, a process known as denaturation usually making them harder and more insoluble. This property is important in the temperature of water used to remove protein deposits. Aged protein deposits can be difficult to remove. Many allergens are proteins. These are large molecules which may be insoluble especially after exposure to heat. They are usually derived from plants. Carbohydrate deposits can vary from soft powdery to quite hard. From water drips and leaks or in hot water tanks, cookers etc From fork lift trucks Found on metals such as steel, zinc, aluminium, brass From label application processes From ink jet coders and packaging processes Found in moist areas especially where high levels of condensation are present Found in moist areas especially near chills and freezers and silicon sealants

Proteins

Carbohydrates and starches Lime scale Rubber marks Corrosion deposits Adhesives Inks & dyes Algae Fungi

Not all the deposits mentioned pose a serious risk, however all create a poor visual appearance. Some act as an excellent substrate for absorbing other soils and micro-organisms. The key point is that each is chemically different and requires different cleaning methods. Therefore it is important to identify the typical soils present and design your program accordingly.

2.2 Substrate
The substrate is the materials of construction found in food processing plants. The standard of materials can vary their ease of cleaning and resistance to corrosion to chemicals. The ideal material standard is smooth, non-porous, abrasion resistant and inert.

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Substrate Stainless Steel Zinc and Aluminium

Concrete Mild Steel Paints Plastics and Rubbers

Description A high grade is best. In cheaper forms there is a tendency to pitting corrosion in the presence of chlorine. Used as a coating on steel both can often be found in food plants and may cause problems as they are easily attached by strong alkalis and acids. Problems encountered include corrosion, brittleness and poor surfaces for cleaning. May become porous and cracked and easily attached by acids. This material will rust in many food environments and should be avoided This includes various coatings and can vary in their level of resistance to chemicals and pressure washers. Flaking can present a risk of product contamination. Can vary in their resistance to chemicals and products. They can become brittle on contact with heat, light and chlorine. They can act as a host to moulds and fungi.

When selecting surface materials, you should ensure they are compatible with the chemical and physical production environment. Prevention of product contamination risks should always be considered when reviewing the specification of materials.

2.3 Cleaning Energies

Energy is the core driver behind all cleaning processes. This energy is normally made up of combination of factors as follows:

Thermal energy

Time

Cleaning Process

Mech enery

Chemical energy

Factors Thermal energy Mechanical energy Chemical energy Time

Description o This is usually in the form of hot water or steam. In general terms an increase in 10 C in a detergent solution doubles the rate of the chemical reactions involved in cleaning. This can come in the form of brushes, water jets, and turbulent flow in pipes (CIP). A flow rate of about 2 meters/second is needed to create a turbulent flow. Depends on the nature and concentration of the detergents used in the cleaning process. The time required for cleaning can vary depending on the method applied. Soaking can take hours while operations such as machine washing can take seconds.

It is the interaction of the above factors that determine the effectiveness and rate of the cleaning method. Often the aim is to obtain a balance consistent with cost, efficacy and food safety. This is where a knowledgeable chemical supplier can assist in the development of effective cleaning regimes.

2.4 Chemical and Physical Reactions of Cleaning

Detergency involves many reactions both physical and chemical. The main physical reactions are:
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Physical Reaction Wetting

Description This is the displacement of one fluid from a solid surface by another. The displaced fluid may be air or some liquid or semi-liquid such as grease. In the case of cleaning, the fluid displacing it is usually water or a detergent solution. Water is seldom enough for wetting particularly on water resistant or hydrophobic materials. A lack of wetting prevents effective cleaning. Surfactants are normally used for wetting. These are organic molecules with a different charge at each end. One end is hydrophobic and attracts water while the other end attracts oils. Wetting of hydrophobic surfaces: Water Detergent solution

Wat er Hydrophobic Surface Penetration Emulsification This is the action which follows wetting where the other agents in the detergent can get to work. Emulsions are suspensions of small droplets of one fluid in another. Milk is an emulsion of oil (milk fats) in water stabilised by other molecules in the milk. Fats, oils and greases will not naturally disperse in water. First the oil needs to be released from the surface it is resting on. Wetting is the first stage as the detergent undermines the oil-surface attraction and starts displacing the oil into droplets. The process is accelerated at higher temperatures. The droplets will combine together and eventually redeposit. To prevent this surfactants are employed to coat the droplet surface and stabilise the emulsion.

Detergent solution Oil

Hard Surface

Dispersion Solubilisation

Similar to emulsification except it involves the breaking up and suspension of solid particles rather than fluid droplets. This is taking up of soil components into a true solution (rather than emulsification or dispersion) This may relate to water soluble soils.

The main chemical reactions include:

Chemical Reactions Hydrolysis Description This relates to proteins and carbohydrates. These large molecules are made up of small subunits (peptides and amino acids in the case of proteins). Hydrolysis involves splitting the molecule at the joints into its smaller units thereby releasing smaller water soluble molecules. It takes place most rapidly at extreme pH and alkalis and acids are used for this purpose. This relates to fats, oils and greases. It is a particular kind of hydrolysis where an alkali reacts with triglyceride fat molecules, splitting it in three places to produce glycerol and soap both of which are water soluble. This relates to insoluble metal ions such as calcium, magnesium and iron. These may form scales and provide sites for the accumulation of soil deposits. Chelates bond these ions in water soluble cages removing scale. Some soils respond well to chlorine in the form of alkaline sodium hypochorite. Colour deposits may be bleached and some proteins or fat deposits may be broken down.

Saponification

Chelation

Oxidation

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2.5 Detergents
The nature and complexity of the detergent employed depends on the variation of soils, water hardness, temperature of the method, plant surfaces and safety. Detergent suppliers normally have a range of detergents to be employed in varying and specific circumstances. The range of products will include: Alkalis: caustic soda, caustic potash, coronate, silicate, phosphate Acids: Phosphoric, nitric, citric, glycolic Chelates: EDTA, NTA, gluconate, glucoheptonate, citrate, polymeric Solvents: Isopropanol, propylene, butyl diglycol, ethers Surfactants: Anionic, cationic, non-ionic, amphoteric Inhibitors: Organic, inorganic Enzymes: protease, lipase, amylase Oxidising agents: hypochlorite, isocyanurates Stabilisers Viscosity modifiers

A detergent solution may contain between 2 and 15 components, blended carefully to specification. It is important to work with a good supplier to correctly identify the correct detergent for your operation. This will save money in the long term as cleaning will be more effective. The failure of a product to work is usually not due to a poor quality product but rather the wrong one. Application and use are also important factors and a good supplier will usually provide training in the correct use of the product. A detergent is designed to remove soils. Another term used is sanitizer and is often used to describe similar products. However a sanitizer is usually used to refer to a product containing both a detergent and disinfectant. A disinfectant is a product which kills microbes without employin g a soil removal action.

3 Disinfection
3.1 Principles of Disinfection
Soil deposits can harbour potentially harmful (pathogenic) microorganisms which if left to grow can present a serious risk to the health of the consumer. In order to control this risk the soil must first be removed using an effective cleaning method normally including a detergent as previously discussed. Typically the reduction achieved 2 6 2 2 3 by cleaning is in the order of 3-4 logs per cm . If the initial loading was 10 cm there will remain counts of 10 -10 2 cm after cleaning. It is normally necessary to reduce the levels further to a few hundred and this is where the process of disinfection is used. It should be noted that sterilization, which is the elimination of all microorganisms is neither practical nor necessary in the disinfection of food plants.

3.2 Biocidal Effect

The group of chemicals known as disinfectants share many attributes with detergents but are different in terms of their function which is to kill microorganisms that are left on the surface after cleaning. The biocidal effect varies depending on the active component used in the disinfectant. It can be achieved by affecting the integrity of the cell wall or by interfering with critical metabolic reactions inside the cell. Most disinfectants are oxidizing and will react with organic materials including microorganisms. These particular disinfectants include chlorine, iodophors and peracetic acid. They are quick acting and broad spectrum. They are normally not stable in hot water and corrosive on a range of metals and other materials.

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Non oxidising disinfectants are typically based on quaternary ammonium compounds which are a class of cationic surfactant, amphoterics, alcohols and aldehydes. They are usually heat stable, less corrosive and a residual biocidal or biostatic effect.

3.3 Disinfectants design and choice

The kill effect required from a disinfectant can vary for each microorganism and therefore it should be carefully formulated to ensure it is effective. Some may be ineffective at low temperatures and unsuitable for a chill. Welldesigned disinfectants may employ several different biocidal components including surfactants and chelates to support the killing action. Disinfectants should be chosen in conjunction with the supplier, taking into account the surface materials, soils and the specific microorganisms to be controlled. Other considerations include the ambient and solution temperature and the time required. Cleaning and disinfection may in some cases be combined into one operation using a sanitizer which has the action of both a detergent and a disinfectant. However it is believed that the two stage approach is more consistent and effective than the single stage sanitizer approach. It is important that non scented chemicals are used in food operations due to the risk of taint.

4 Hygiene Equipment and Application Methods

There are a number of methods which can be used to apply detergents and disinfectants.

4.1 Manual Cleaning

Manual cleaning using cloths, mops, brushes, pads etc. Normally used in small areas, equipment that is non-water proof or requires dismantling or areas which are difficult to clean by other methods. It is a labor intensive method and may limit the use of certain chemicals for safety reasons. To ensure cleaning is effective the method must be clearly defined and staff trained to an appropriate level.

4.2 Foam Cleaning

This is the common method for cleaning most food operations. A foam blanket, created using a wide range of available equipment is projected from a nozzle and allowed time to act on the soil. It is then rinsed off with the released deposits. Large areas such as floors, walls, conveyors, tables and well-designed production equipment are ideal for foam cleaning.

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Foam is a carrier for the detergent. The foam should be applied is an even layer. Coverage rates are quick and chemical usage is economical. Your chemical supplier will advise on the most appropriate chemicals and equipment for your operation. The equipment itself may be mobile, centralised or satellite.

4.3 Spray
Spray cleaning uses a lance on a pressure washer with chemical induction by venturi. This method can be wasteful of chemical and can be slow to produce a foam. It should be used where foaming properties are not essential for the cleaning action.

4.4 Fogging
Aerial fogging uses compressed air or other equipment to generate a fine mist of disinfectant solution which hangs in the air long enough to disinfect airborne organisms. It will also settle on surfaces to produce a bactericidal effect. The system can come in a small portable device or built in automatic central systems. Fogging should never be used as a primary sanitising method. It should be used in conjunction with other methods. It is also important to ensure that coverage and saturation is sufficient and the mist is fine to allow proper action.

4.5 Machine Washing

This is normally an automatic or semi-automatic washing process conducted within a purpose built machine. There are many machine designs depending on the application e.g. crate washing or utensil washing. They represent a significant capital investment and need to have a clear business case before purchasing. They tend to consume a large amount of chemicals and water. Failure to maintain them correctly can lead to a contamination risk to the product. Chemicals used in these machines should be low foaming. An effective system for controlling the dose of chemical should be employed and temperature control systems should be used where critical.

5 Cleaning in Place (CIP)

CIP or cleaning in place is used extensively for the interior cleaning of pipes, vessels, tankers, heat exchanges, fillers and other enclosed process systems.

CIP involves a programed cycle including timed pre-rinse, cleaning and rinsing stages and can be fully automatic or semi-automatic with a system of valves, pumps and detergent tanks controlled by a microprocessor. There are a number of parameters that need to be specified and controlled for effective CIP.
Parameter Flow velocity Spray pressure and pattern Description In all parts of the system it should be sufficient to cause turbulent flow. This is around 1.5-2 meters per second. Below this laminar flow will occur which will not yield effective cleaning. Where spray balls and rotating jets are used in large tanks sufficient pressure should be used for full coverage. Typical pressures are 1-3 bar for low pressure systems and 6 bar for high pressure. Flow rates of about 2 times the vessels volume per hour should be used. o This impacts on the rate of chemical reaction. Typical temperatures can be around 85 C This is normally achieved through a conductivity meter and control system linked to an automatic dosing system.

Temperature Detergent control

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Recycling

Required to manage costs and environmental impact. Solution recovery and reuse is ideal but must be controlled to avoid overloading of the solution and contamination risks.

6 Cleaning Procedures
Cleaning is a complex process. To ensure it is conducted correctly a defined and systematic approach is required that takes into account a number of factors previously covered. This approach takes the form of a Procedure and this is usually a legal requirement in addition to a fundamental requirement of global food standards. A collection of these cleaning procedures forms a Cleaning Plan or Program which is plant specific. A typical cleaning procedure includes the following: Cleaning method Standards Frequency Chemicals used Equipment used Time and temperature specifications

Picture: Sample Cleaning Procedure

These procedures may be collected into a cleaning manual which should be available to those responsible for cleaning. The cleaning plan may also be summarised in a table and records should be maintained of all completed cleaning activities. As previously discussed cleaning is a significant cost for food businesses. This may contribute to cleaners and managers combining or omitting individual steps in cleaning procedures. This should be avoided. Training of staff and commitment by management are essential to prevent this. The correct sequence of a general cleaning procedure for surfaces in a food plant is: Gross Clean/Preparation

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Pre-rinse Detergent application Post-rinsing Disinfection Terminal rinsing

Description This step is most often omitted by food companies. This prevents effective cleaning of plant surfaces due to food residues remaining. Negative impacts include: Protection of surfaces and bacteria from the action of detergents Reaction with and consumption of the detergent Holding bacteria and resulting in recontamination of the surface

Step Gross Clean/Preparation

Pre-rinsing

Detergent Application

Post Rinsing

Disinfection

Terminal Rinsing

A poor gross clean is the single biggest reason for poor or inconsistent bacterial counts on surfaces and for high bacterial contamination in aerosols caused by rinsing. A well designed cleaning procedure will provide for the removal of all food pieces greater than a fingernail before applying detergent. Ideally this should be done dry by hand, scrapping or other physical method. The collected material should be placed in waste receptacles and removed from the area. All ingredients, food and packaging materials should also be removed from the area prior to gross cleaning. The purpose of this step is to remove deposits which cannot be easily removed by picking, scrapping or other manual form of gross cleaning. Excess water should be removed following pre-rinsing to avoid dilution of the detergent in the following step. The purpose of the detergent is to remove the layers of proteins, greases and other food deposits that remain on surfaces. Detergents are not designed to remove large pieces of food deposits or thick layers of fat. It is in these layers that bacteria can survive and grow and make the use of a disinfectant pointless. Foam should be conducted carefully and methodically and there should be a check to ensure that all surfaces have been covered. Detergents should be made up and used according to the suppliers instructions and appropriate time should be allowed for the detergent to work. The purpose of post rinsing is to remove the remaining food deposits. Care should be taken to minimise the amount of splash and aerosol formed which may re-contaminate surfaces. After post rinsing the surface should be free of all visible deposits, layers of soiling and residues of detergent. Any residues of detergent may neutralise the action of any subsequent disinfectant. Any pools or accumulations of water should be removed following post rinse. Disinfection should only be carried out on a visually clean, well rinsed surface, with minimal amounts of water. Direct food contact surfaces should be disinfected at least daily with other surfaces disinfected on a regular basis. Disinfectants should be used safely according to the suppliers instructions. Most disinfectants are safe to leave on non-food contact surfaces without final rinsing. In some sections of the food industry there is a requirement to rinse food contact surfaces with water after disinfection. The standard of the water is important to ensure that the disinfected surface is not re-contaminated.

7 Validation of Cleaning Procedures

Once a cleaning procedure has been established it is essential that it is validated. This means answering the question is the procedure as documented capable of controlling the identified hazards? This may include bacterial pathogens or allergens. The method of validating a cleaning procedure is as follows: Document the cleaning procedure as it actually exists. At this point you are not concerned with whether it meets specific requirements. This should be done on the job and in conjunction with those who perform the cleaning. Identify the general and specific hazards of concern e.g. pathogens, allergens etc.

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Identify the monitoring program e.g. visual, ATP, chemical testing etc. This will include the standard to be achieved and specific sampling points based on an assessment of risk. Conduct the cleaning program as documented a number of times and follow up with the monitoring checks. Confirm that the procedure as documented is capable of meeting the monitoring criteria. If the procedure is not capable, modify the cleaning method or correct the issue. Repeat the above process until the documented cleaning procedure is confirmed as capable of meeting standard (verified) and approve the procedure. Conduct training of employees against the procedure and implement the monitoring program. Retain full records of the above data and process including your conclusions.

8 Monitoring of Hygiene (Verification)

Because it is often not possible to determine how clean a surface is and given the number of factors that need to be correct to ensure standards are achieved it is essential that a monitoring program is in place and implemented at all times. A monitoring program is also important to make sure you are not over -cleaning and therefore wasting time, energy and chemicals. In essence, a monitoring program provides verification that surfaces are in fact clean and addressing the identified hazards of a particular food plant. A typical monitoring program may include one or more of the following: Visual inspection Microbiological testing Rapid testing

Your HACCP system will reveal specific areas in the operation which require control to ensure safe food production. A risk assessment of these areas will normally indicate that while they are not Critical Control Points (CCPs) they still require control and this is where the monitoring program is important. Once identified , you will need to develop a standard for cleaning which can then be measured and assessed. This will be based on the hazard that needs to be controlled. Hazards may include:
Hazards Physical Biological Allergens Chemicals Description Contamination from food deposits not removed due to poor cleaning. It may include accumulated chemical deposits such as water hardness. Contamination from bacteria and other microorganisms which may survive and grow following poor cleaning and disinfection. Usually protein in nature and may cross-contaminate products due to poor product change over procedures. Particularly important for products with a free from declaration. Contamination from residual cleaning chemicals remaining from poor rinse steps.

A monitoring program may comprise one or more of the following checks:

Monitoring Check Visual Assessment Description Visual inspection should only be conducted by trained personnel who understand the procedures and standard to be achieved. If standards are not achieved a re-clean should be conducted. The check should include surfaces that are visible and hidden and focus on remaining food deposits. This may include traditional micro testing methods from surface swabs. This checking should be carried out on representative sample points that have been identified based on risk assessment. Swabbing may be conducted following cleaning and used for validating cleaning procedures. Micro testing can also be conducted on final product and on rinse water samples. This method has the advantage of measuring directly the viable microorganisms present but can take from 1 to 3 days to obtain results.

Microbiological Testing

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Rapid Testing

Specific Allergen Testing Chemical Concentration Residual Chemicals

Picture: Verification & Release

This includes ATP bioluminescence and allows for real time assessment of cleaning standards and is valuable for Go/No Go regimes. It can be used to optimise cleaning methods and validation of procedures. This can be conducted using rapid testing which can be either general or specific. External laboratory testing may also be used This may be checked using titration, test kits or conductivity meters. This may be checked by titration, pH and conductivity.

Results should be reported to management and fed back to cleaning teams for remedial action. Data collected from monitoring programs should be trended to identify any emerging trends.
Picture: Sample Trending Report

Training of all operators and managers involved in plant cleaning is critically important. It helps develop and maintain a high level of consciousness and understanding of cleaning importance. Training should be planned and focus on the reasons for cleaning, how to clean, cleaning chemicals and refresher training. Records of training should be maintained. Supervision is also essential. Standards of cleaning conducted by staff should be supervised to identify any drift in standards early on.

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9 GFSI Requirements for Cleaning & Disinfection

The Global Food Safety Initiative series of approved schemes such as the BRC, SQF, FSSC 22000 and IFS set out clear requirements for cleaning and disinfection of a food plant. These standards address cleaning as a PRP. Under GFSI it is required to have appropriate standards of housekeeping, cleaning and hygiene and these shall be maintained at all times and throughout all stages. Specifically the requirements call for:
Manufacturing Requirements Cleaning schedules and records should be available Chemicals used should be appropriate for the purpose intended Methods for verification of cleaning and corrective action procedures should be in place Where appropriate, cleaning equipment should be clearly identified and segregated
Cleaning Plan Summary

Documentation Requirements Cleaning schedules and records should be available in place Chemicals used should be appropriate for the purpose intended Hygiene inspections should be carried out and recorded

Cleaning Record

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References
H. L. M. Lelieveld - Hygiene in Food Processing: Principles and Practices Huub L. M. Lelieveld, M. A. Mostert, John T.. Holah - Handbook of Hygiene Control in the Food Industry C&C Guidance G55 - Cleaning and Disinfection of Food Factories

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Safefood 360 Products

Safefood 360 Software Editions

Standard
Everything you need for full compliance to Global Food Safety Standards (GFSI) and retailer technical requirements

Premium
Packed full with additional time saving features and tools ideal for the busy food safety manager with unlimited users

Enterprise
Multisite functionality, unlimited users, remote oversight and automatic integration with other enterprise software.

Who are we?

Safefood 360 is a young, innovative technology company dedicated to developing and supplying the global food industry with compliance software solutions that work. Our team is made up of practitioners from both the Food and IT industries who know the needs of our end users because we worked in these roles. This experience and insight is built into our solutions from day-one making them powerful, intuitive and a pleasure to use

Safefood 360, 345 Park Avenue, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10154, USA Toll Free: 1.855.FOOD360 Email: [email protected]

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