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Robby Di

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Hierarchic: 4 Main Ideas

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Makes Sense Sense Strategies Strategies Makes

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2008 Edwin Ellis, All Rights Reserved Published by Makes Sense Strategies, LLC, !rth"!rt, AL www#MakesSenseStrategies#$!%

Name:

Robby Reece
Is about

Date:

11/5/13

Direct Instruction
Main idea Main idea

A model that uses teacher demonstration and explanation combined with student practice and feedback to help learners acquire well-defined knowledge and skills needed for later learning
Main idea Main idea

Planning

Implementing

Assessment

Motivation

Identify Topics Best suited for teaching procedural skills Has a specific set of identifiable operations and procedures Can be illustrated with a large and varied number of examples Is developed through practice Specify Learning Objectives Relationship between conceptual knowledge and skills is important Automaticity- ability to perform a skill essentially without thinking about it Transfer- applying knowledge acquired in one context to a new context Offer a chance to practice on real-world examples Prepare Examples and Problems Examples help students initially understand the skill. Problems provide practice to develop automaticity Simpler problems are presented first

Introduction and Review Attract the students attention Assess prior knowledge Presentation Help students develop a thorough understanding of the skill It can be difficult to make a simple skill understandable to children Questioning and student interaction is important The need for social interaction is a principle of learning Guided Practice Move away from explaining, modeling, and guiding Provide the students with as much support as they need to be successful Student success rates and quality of answers determine when it is time to move to the next phase Ask clarifying questions to determine the students understanding Independent Practice Students practice the skill on their own Allows the students to develop automaticity with the skill and the ability to transfer to new contexts The success of independent practice depends on the quality of the presentation and guided practice Discussing the problems and providing feedback is essential

Assessment is straightforward Students are given problems that they must solve on their own Students may simply display the ability to memorize the procedures instead of having a genuine understanding The wording of the problem is essential in determining which students have a genuine understanding Problems should be designed so that the students have to apply the concepts and skills learned but they cannot simply memorize a formula Must use your own judgment to create an assessment that has the greatest likelihood of accurately measuring the students understanding

Factors that increase student motivation includes Helping students be successful in learning activities Creating a sense of challenge in students Using personalized and concrete examples Involving students in learning activities The combination of challenge and success is a powerful motivator It is relatively easy to personalize the topic Student involvement in the presentation and guided practice is motivating

So what? What is important to understand about this?

Direct Instruction is much more than the teacher standing in front of the class talking about a skill and working problems. It requires student involvement to be effective.