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Solved Example 2

The document summarizes the steps taken to perform a finite element analysis of a bidimensional truss structure. The structure is divided into 3 finite elements. The stiffness matrix is computed for each element and then expanded and assembled into a global stiffness matrix K. The global stiffness matrix is then reordered and partitioned into stiffness submatrices Krr, Krn, Knr, and Knn to solve for the displacements and forces in the structure.

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Amarandei Razvan
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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43 views

Solved Example 2

The document summarizes the steps taken to perform a finite element analysis of a bidimensional truss structure. The structure is divided into 3 finite elements. The stiffness matrix is computed for each element and then expanded and assembled into a global stiffness matrix K. The global stiffness matrix is then reordered and partitioned into stiffness submatrices Krr, Krn, Knr, and Knn to solve for the displacements and forces in the structure.

Uploaded by

Amarandei Razvan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finite Element Analysis

of Bidimensional Truss Structures


Consider the truss structure shown in the fallowing figure. Determine:
a) the free displacements;
b) the reactive forces;
c) the axial forces Ni in each bar.
EA is the same for all bars.
E=2.1x106daN/cm2
A=12cm2
P1=10kN
P2=10kN

Step 1: Identification of the finite elements, nodes and the corresponding DOFs.
The structure was divided into 3 finite elements, and the total number of DOFs for the
structure is 6.
The initial data and the nodes coordinates are defined:
ORIGIN 1
6

E 2.1 10
A 12

0
0

The vectors of nodal coordinates: X 0


Y 400


600
0
Step 2: Expressions of the force-displacement relationships, for each finite element.
In order to express the element force-displacement characteristic, the element stiffness matrix for each finite
element is computed.

Element # 1
X X
2

cos

cos 2 sin cos

2
sin cos sin

Y Y

sin

400

400

E A augment ( stack ( mm) stack ( mm) )

k1

400
0

4
4
0 6.3 10 0 6.3 10
k1

0
0
0
0

0 6.3 104 0 6.3 104

Element # 2
X X
3

cos

Y Y

sin
2

400 600

k2

m
2

400 600

cos 2 sin cos

2
sin cos sin

E A augment ( stack ( mm) stack ( mm) )


2

400 600

2.419 104

4
1.613 10
k2

4
2.419 10
1.613 104

4
4
4
1.075 10
1.613 10 1.075 10
4
4
4
1.613 10
2.419 10 1.613 10

4
4
4
1.075 10 1.613 10 1.075 10
4

1.613 10

2.419 10

1.613 10

Element # 3
X X
cos

k3

Y Y

sin

600

600

cos 2 sin cos

2
sin cos sin

E A augment ( stack ( mm) stack ( mm) )

4.2 104

0
k3
4.2 104

600
4

0 4.2 10
0

0
4

0 4.2 10
0

Step 3: Expand the element stiffness matrices

i 1 6 j 1 6

i j

Element 1:

x 1 4 y 1 4
k1exp

i j

k1exp

xy

i j

k1

xy

0
0
0
0

4
4
0 6.3 10 0 6.3 10
0
0
0
0
k1exp
0 6.3 104 0 6.3 104
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0 0

0
0
0
0

0
0

Element 2:

k2exp

i j

k2exp

i j

x 2 y 2

k2

xy

0
0

0
k2exp
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

4
4
4
4
2.419 10 1.613 10 2.419 10 1.613 10

4
4
4
4
1.613 10 1.075 10
1.613 10 1.075 10

4
4
4
4
2.419 10 1.613 10
2.419 10 1.613 10
4
4
4
4
1.613 10 1.075 10 1.613 10 1.075 10
0

Element 3:

x 1 2
k3exp

i j

y 1 2
k

i j

k3exp

xy

k3

k3exp

xy

xy 4

k3

xy 2

k3exp

x 4 y

k3

x 2 y

k3exp

x 4 y 4

k3

x 2 y 2

4.2 104

0
k3exp
0

4.2 104

0 0 0 4.2 10
0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0
4

0 0 0 4.2 10
0 0 0

0
0

K k1exp k2exp k3exp

4.2 104
0
0

0
6.3 10
0

0
0
2.419 10
K
4
4

6.3 10 1.613 10
0

4
4
0
2.419 10
4.2 10

4
0
1.613 10
0

0
6.3 10
0

4
4
4
1.613 10 2.419 10 1.613 10

4
4
4
7.375 10
1.613 10 1.075 10

4
4
4
1.613 10
6.619 10 1.613 10
4
4
4
1.075 10 1.613 10 1.075 10
4

4.2 10

K1 stack ( submatrix( K 2216) submatrix( K 5616) submatrix( K 1116) submatrix( K 3416) )

K2 augment( submatrix( K11622) submatrix( K11656) submatrix( K11611) submatrix( K11634) )

6.3 104

0
K2

4
6.3 10

4
4
4
4
4
6.619 10 1.613 10 4.2 10 2.419 10 1.613 10

4
4
4
4
1.613 10 1.075 10
0
1.613 10 1.075 10

4
4

4.2 10
0
0
0
4.2 10

4
4
4
4
2.419 10 1.613 10
0
2.419 10 1.613 10
4
4
4
4
1.613 10 1.075 10
1.613 10 7.375 10
0
0

6.3 10

Krr submatrix( K21313)

Krn submatrix( K21346)

Knr submatrix( K24613)

Knn submatrix( K24646)

0
Pn 30

10

3
Dn 1.557 10

4
4.762 10

Dn lsolve( Knn Pn)

Pr Krn Dn

30
Pr 30

20

Axial forces and normal stresses in each element:

Element 1

0
0
F1 k1 Dn
2
Dn3

0

30
F1
0
30

N1

1 2
F1

F1

N1 30

Element 2:
Dn

2
Dn
F2 k2 3
0
0

30

20
F2
30
20

sigma1

N1
A

sigma1 2.5

N2

F212 F222

N2 36.056

sigma2

N2

sigma3

N3

sigma2 3.005

Element 3


0
F3 k3
0
0

0

0
F3
0
0

N3

1 2
F3

F3

N3 0

sigma3 0

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