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Sound Waves and Doppler Shift: D GT D T G

1. A stone dropped into a 7.35m deep well would take 1.25 seconds for the splash to be heard by an observer at the well. This is the sum of the time for the stone to fall (1.224s) and the time for sound to travel the distance (0.0223s) at 330 m/s. 2. The wavelength of a 600Hz buzz from a mosquito's wings flapping is 0.550m, calculated using the speed of sound (330 m/s). 3. The period of a 256Hz middle C note is 3.91x10^-3 seconds. The wavelength is calculated to be 1.33m using the speed of

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37 views2 pages

Sound Waves and Doppler Shift: D GT D T G

1. A stone dropped into a 7.35m deep well would take 1.25 seconds for the splash to be heard by an observer at the well. This is the sum of the time for the stone to fall (1.224s) and the time for sound to travel the distance (0.0223s) at 330 m/s. 2. The wavelength of a 600Hz buzz from a mosquito's wings flapping is 0.550m, calculated using the speed of sound (330 m/s). 3. The period of a 256Hz middle C note is 3.91x10^-3 seconds. The wavelength is calculated to be 1.33m using the speed of

Uploaded by

Ringania
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sound Waves and Doppler Shift

1. A stone is dropped into a well that is 7.35 m deep. How long does it take before an observer at the well hears the splash? Use the speed of sound as 330 m/s. The time until the splash is heard is the sum of two time intervals: t1: the time for the stone to drop a distance d t2: the time for the sound to travel a distance d
1 2 g t1 , we obtain t1 = 2 2d = g 2(7.35 m) = 1.224s . 9.81m/s 2 d 7.35 m = = 0.0223s . v 330 m/s

Since d =

To calculate t2, we have d = v t2 , and t2 =

Hence, the sum of the two time intervals is (1.224 + 0.0223) s = 1.25 s.

2. A mosquito flaps its wings 600 vibrations per second, which produces a 600 Hz buzz. How far does the sound travel between wing beats? Use the speed of sound as 330 m/s. The distance a wave travels for the time equal to one period is the wavelength.

v 330 m/s = = 0.550 m f 600s -1

3. The frequency of middle C on a keyboard is 256 Hz. a. What is the period of one vibration of this tone?
T= 1 1 = = 3.91 103 s f 256 s -1

b. If the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, what is the wavelength of middle C?

v 340 m/s = = 1.33m f 256 s -1

4. Your friend is using a tuning fork to produce a tone of 440 Hz. Using vair = 343 m/s, its speed at 20oC, what frequency do you hear as you: a. approach your friend with a speed of 11.0 m/s:
11.0 m/s u When you move toward your friend, f ' = (1 + ) f = 1 + 440 Hz = 454 Hz . 343m/s v

b. move away from your friend with a speed of 11.0 m/s:


11.0 m/s When you move away, f ' = (1 u / v) f = 1 440 Hz = 426 Hz . 343m/s

5. An open organ pipe has a fundamental frequency of 300 Hz in air. The first overtone produced in a closed organ pipe has the same frequency as the first overtone of the open pipe. How long is each pipe? Use vair = 343 m/s, its speed at 20oC. For an open pipe, the fundamental frequency is given by f1 = is:
Lopen = v 343m/s = = 0.5717 m = 0.572 m 2 f1 2 (300 / s) v so the length of the open pipe 2L

and the first overtone (second harmonic) for the open pipe is given by
f2 = 2v = 2 f1 = 2(300 Hz) = 600Hz 2L

For a closed pipe, the first overtone (third harmonic) is given by


f3 = 3v 4L 3 v 3(343m/s) = = 0.429 m 4 f 3 4 (600 Hz)

So,

Lclosed =

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