COMPUTE PROJECT BILL OF MATERIALS (B.O.

M)

EAC-B01

BILL OF MATERIALS, B.O.M. OVERVIEW

The purpose of this lesson is to provide you with the knowledge to estimate the material requirements for a vertical construction project.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES TLO

Provided a vertical construction mission,a scientific calculator, a computer, software applications, and references, compute a project bill of materials to account for all Class IV quantities per the references. (1361-SRVY-2003)
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES ELO

(1). Provided written project specifications, design drawings, a scientific calculator, blank material takeoff sheets, and references, calculate concrete requirements per the FM 5-428. (1361-SRVY-2003a)

(2). Provided written project specifications, design drawings, a scientific calculator, blank material takeoff sheets, and references, calculate masonry requirements per the FM 5-428. (1361-SRVY-2003b)

(3). Provided written project specifications, design drawings, a scientific calculator, blank material takeoff sheets, and references, calculate lumber/plywood 4 requirements per

LEARNING OBJECTIVES ELO

(4). Provided written project specifications, design drawings, a scientific calculator, blank material takeoff sheets, and references, calculate finish material requirements per the FM 5-426. (1361-SRVY-2003d)

(5). Provided written project specifications, design drawings, a scientific calculator, completed lumber/plywood consolidations, blank material estimate sheets, and references, estimate construction hardware quantities per the FM 5426. (1361-SRVY-2003e)

(6). Provided written project specifications, design

METHOD & MEDIA

Lecture Demonstration Practical Application

Computer Slides Dry-erase Board

EVALUATION

Performance Evaluation Exam

SAFETY / CEASE TRAINING (CT) BRIEF

Fire

Tornado
Safety is Paramount

QUESTIONS

PRINCIPLES OF ESTIMATING

Estimating is the calculation of the approximate amount of material and/or labor requirements to build a construction project.
Estimates are prepared from finished working drawings and project specifications.

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QUALIFICATIONS:
Be able to read and scale drawings. Posses a good working knowledge of math. Be able to visualize the work required. Working knowledge of construction methods and materials. Knowledge and ability to assemble materials into working units.

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2 BASIC CALCULATIONS

Measurement:
Descriptions

of materials and items

of work. Dimensions of items of work, and materials required. Calculating the quantities of materials, and items of work.

Pricing:
Arithmetic

used to determine the costs of items

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Name some of the qualifications an estimator need to have in order to compile accurate estimates. What are the two basic calculations involved in construction project estimations?

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MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS
The application of basic mathematical computations is all that is necessary to compile accurate project material and/or labor requirements.
Three

basic conversions:

Linear Area Volume

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LINEAR CONVERSION
(INCHES / FEET)
Conversions used to determine such items of work such as: rafter, joist & stud requirements. Feet x 12 = inches

3 x 12 = 36

Inches / 12 = Decimal feet

36 12 = 3
Numerator / denominator = Decimal parts of an inch. : 3 4 = 0.75 Decimal parts of an inch / 12 = Decimal parts of a foot. 0.75 12 = .0625
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Fractions:

Decimals:

LINEAR CONVERSION CALCULATION

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AREA CONVERSION
(SQUARE FEET)

Conversion used to determine such items of work such as: plywood, paint, siding & concrete block requirements. Rectangles:
Walls:

L (ft) x H (ft) = Area (sqft/sf) Floors: L (ft) x W (ft) = Area (sqft/sf) 10 x 8 = 80 sqft

Triangles:
Base

(ft) x H (ft) = Area (sqft/sf)

2

10

x 10 = 25sqft

Trapezoids:
H

(ft) x the sum of the parallel sides = Area (sqft/sf) 10 x ((20 + 40) 2) = 300 sqft
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AREA CONVERSION CALCULATION

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VOLUME CONVERSION
(CUBIC FEET & CUBIC YARDS)

Conversions used to determine such items as concrete, sand, aggregate & mortar.

L (ft) x W (ft) x H (ft) = Volume (cuft/cf) 10 x 10 x 8 = 800 cuft Volume (cf) 27 = Volume (cuyd/cy) 800 cf 27 = 29.63 cuyd Volume (cy) x 27 = Volume (cuft/cf) 29.63 cy x 27 = 800 cuft

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VOLUME CONVERSION CALCULATION

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PERIMETER RULE

A progressive calculation to compute areas and volumes. Rectangular Shaped:

Footing dimensions: Length: 32.67 Width: 16.67 Height: 0.67 Depth: 1.33 (Outside length (ft) + Inside width (ft) ) x 2 = Total perimeter length (ft) (32.67 + 14.01) x 2 = 93.36 Total perimeter length (ft) x H (ft) = Area (sqft/sf) 93.36 x 0.67 = 62.55 sqft Area (sf) x D (ft) = Volume (cuft/ft) 62.55 (sf) x 1.33 = 83.19 cuft
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PERIMETER RULE (CONTINUED)

Irregular Shaped:

Pentagon (5 sides) Footing Length (one side): 20.48 Height: 0.67 Depth: 1.33 Total outside perimeter length: 102.4 Total inside perimeter length: 95.75 (Outside Length (ft) + Inside Length (ft)) 2 = Total continuous perimeter length (ft) (102.4 + 95.75) 2 = 99.08 Total continuous perimeter length (ft) x H (ft) = Area (sqft/sf) 97.58 x 0.67 = 66.38 sqft Area (sf) x D (ft) = Volume (cuft/cf) 66.38 sqft x 1.33 = 88.28 cuft
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PERIMETER RULE CALCULATION

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STANDARD LUMBER LENGTH CALCULATION

Used to determine the optimum length of lumber to minimize waste, when cutting specific small items of work. Used for:
Bridging

Blocking
Treads

& Risers Headers Jack Studs etc

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STANDARD LENGTH CALCULATION (PART 1)

Length In Place (LIP) Measurement (in):

Actual length of one piece of the small item of work

Quantity of LIP Requirements (ea):

Counted off drawings or by calculation.

Convert Standard Lengths (in):

Convert each standard length of lumber to inches.

8 x 12 = 96 10 x 12 = 120 12 x 12 = 144
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14 x 12 = 168 16 x 12 = 192

STANDARD LUMBER LENGTH CALCULATION (PART 2)

Number of LIP Pieces (ea): Number of LIP pieces that can be cut from each Standard Length of Lumber.

Standard lumber length (in) LIP Measurement (in) = LIP pieces per standard lumber length. (Round Down)

96 21 = 4 Lip Pieces

Number of Standard Lengths (ea): How many Standard Lengths required to cut all LIP Pieces.

Total LIP Requirements 4 Total LIP Pieces per Standard Lumber Length = Total Standard Lumber Lengths required. (Round Up)

13 4 = 4 8 Lengths of Lumber

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STANDARD LENGTH CALCULATION (PART 3)

Standard Length to Use (ea) to minimize waste.

Standard Lumber Length x Number of LIP Pieces which can be cut from that length = Total Linear feet of Standard Lumber Length. 8 x 4 = 32 Compare each value. The lowest value will identify the Standard Lumber Length with the minimal amount of waste.

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STANDARD LUMBER LENGTH CALCULATION EXAMPLE

13 pieces of floor bridging, 1-9 long are needed to stiffen the floor joists.
LIP pcs cut from std lgth Number of std lgth Standard lgth to use

Converted Standard Length 8 x 12 = 96 10 x 12 = 120 12 x 12 = 144 14 x 12 = 168 16 x 12 = 192

96 21 = 4 120 21 = 5 144 21 = 6 168 21 = 8 192 21 = 9

13 4 = 4 13 5 = 3 13 6 = 3 13 8 = 2 13 9 = 2

8 x 4 = 32 10 x 3 = 30 12 x 3 = 36 14 x 2 = 28 16 x 2 = 32

Round

Round
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PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Math Review

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Why would you want to select the lowest value of your LIP calculations off of the standard lumber length? What are the three fundamental conversion formulas that are used to estimate material requirements?
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MATERIAL TAKEOFF LIST (MTO)

MTO: Lists all items of work, detailing:

Dimensions
Quantities

of work Units of measure conversions

Rules for Compiling:

Study

all drawings, notes & specifications. Measure everything as shown. Measure everything you can see.

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TIME SAVERS
Never use long words if short ones will do. Use abbreviations. Keep all dimensions, figures and notes. Always start in the same place on each drawing. Highlight / mark-off items, notes and specifications when completed. Take advantage of duplication of design.

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MTO - PRECEDENCE

If a work item is different, list it separately on the MTO. The items of work are estimated in a logical sequence using the following order of precedence:
1st EXCAVATION 2nd CONCRETE

MASONRY LUMBER 5th FINISH MATERIALS

3rd 4th

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CONCRETE & MASONRY MTO ESTIMATING SEQUENCE

Excavation:

cuyd/cy Calculate amount by using the dimension measurements for the outside face of the footings dimensions of the outside face of the walls.

Concrete:

Ready-Mix Batch Mix Reinforcement Bar Wire Mesh Poly Vapor Barrier Expansion Joint Filler Base Course

cuft/cf cuft/cf ft sqft/sf sqft/sf ft cuft/cf sqft/sf ft ft

Masonry Wall Surface

Vertical Reinforcement Horizontal Reinforcement

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LUMBER MTO LIST

Lumber is taken off the notes drawings and specifications as:

Lumber as the number of standard lumber lengths. Plywood & Siding by the square footage to be covered. Finish Trim by the linear foot.

Two Categories for Lumber MTO:

Rough Carpentry
Floor Framing (lumber & plywood) Wall Framing (lumber & plywood) Roof Framing (lumber & plywood) Wooden Forms (lumber & plywood)

Finish Carpentry
Siding Trim Work

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FINISH MATERIAL MTO LIST

Finish materials are items required to finish the exterior and interior of a structure:
Doors

& Windows

ea

Shingles
Drywall

sqft/sf
sqft/sf

Paint
Insulation

sqft/sf
sqft/sf
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MATERIALS TAKEOFF LIST

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MTO DEMO FOUNDATION PLAN

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MTO DEMO FOUNDATION DETAILS

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MTO DEMO FOUNDATION & FLOOR SECTION

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Concrete and Masonry Material Takeoff Sheet

Quantity Required

Item of Work

Dimensions

Concrete Volume (L x W x H)

Masonry Area (L x H)

Project: Estimator:

Total Volume of Concrete =

cf sf

Total Surface Area of Masonry Units =

MTO DEMO FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

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Lumber Material Takeoff Sheet

Descriptive Item of Work Item U/M LIP Measure LIP Qty STD Lgth to Use STD Lgth Qty LIP PCS/ STD Lgth

Bridging Calculation: LIP Converted Standard Length 8' x 12" = 96" 10' x 12" = 120" 12' x 12" = 144" 14' x 12" = 168" 16' x 12" = 192" LIP pieces cut from std lgth Number of std lgth Standard lgth to use

Project: Estimator:

Date: Sheet of

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PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Part #1 Material Takeoff Sheets

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What is a materials takeoff sheet used for? Where does the information come from to create a MTO?

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MATERIAL ESTIMATE SHEET (MES)

MES puts the information on the MTO into detail, showing:

Description

of work. Detailed description of materials. Units of measure of materials. Quantities of dissimilar materials. Quantities of like materials. Waste factor allowances. Total material quantities, including waste.

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MES (READY-MIX CONCRETE)

Ready-mix Concrete volumes from the MTO are converted and rounded up to the nearest whole cuyd.
The

appropriate waste factor is calculated and added, after the concrete volume is converted to cuyds.

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MES (BATCH MIX CONCRETE)

Batch mix concrete is a proportional mix of:

Portland Sand Aggregate
Water

Cement (Gravel)

(not figured into the estimate)

Standard mix ratio (1:2:3) of:

(1) part (2) parts (3) parts

A

Portland Cement Sand Aggregate (Gravel)

1:2:3 mix concrete will achieve a compressive strength of 2000 psi at 28 days.
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BATCH MIX CONCRETE ESTIMATING CALCULATION

Total concrete volume from MTO x 1.5 (3/2 rule) = Concrete Proportion Ratio (CPR)

92.98 cy x 1.5 = 139.47

Multiply CPR to mix ratio.

(1/6 x CPR) + Waste Factor = Total bags of Portland Cement. (Round up)

1/6 x 139.47 = 23.25 + 5% = 25.0 bg

((2/6 x CPR) 27) + Waste Factor = Total cuyds of Sand

(Round up to nearest half cubic yard) ((2/6 x 139.47) 27 = 1.72 + 10% = 2.0 cy

((3/6 x CPR) 27) + Waste Factor = Total cuyds of Aggregate

(Round up to the whole cubic yard)

((3/6 x 139.47) 27 = 2.58 + 10% = 3.0 cy

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MES CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS (CMU)

Nominal Dimensions:
16

x 8 x 8

Actual Dimensions
15

5/8 x 7 5/8 x 7 5/8

mortar joint between blocks.

3/8

Estimate CMU by Square Feet One concrete block = 0.89 sqft of surface area.

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CMU ESTIMATING CALCULATION

Total masonry surface area from MTO (sf) 0.89 (sf) = Number of CMU blocks (ea)

325.02 0.89 = 365.19

Number of CMU + Waste Factor = Total CMU blocks (ea) (Round up to nearest whole block)

365.19 + 2% = 373.0 blocks

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MES (MORTAR)

Mortar is a proportional mix of: Portland Cement Masonry Cement Sand

Water

(not figured into the estimate)

Standard mix ratio (1:1:6) of:

(1) part (1) parts (6) parts

A

Portland Cement Masonry Cement Sand

1:1:6 mix concrete will achieve a compressive strength of 2000 psi at 28 days. Bonded by a 3/8 mortar joint, bonding 0.054 cuft of block area.
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MORTAR ESTIMATING CALCULATIONS

Total number of blocks from MTO x 0.054 (cf) = Total amount of mortar to bond all blocks (cf)

373 x 0.054 = 20.14

Multiply total mortar requirement to mix ratio.

(1/8 x total mortar) + Waste Factor = Total bags of Portland Cement. (Round up)

1/8 x 20.14 = 2.52 + 5% = 3.0 bg

(1/8 x total mortar) + Waste Factor = Total bags of Masonry Cement. (Round up)

1/8 x 20.14 = 2.52 + 5% = 3.0 bg

((6/8 x total mortar) 27) + Waste Factor = Total cuyds of Sand (Round up to the nearest half cubic
yard)

(6/8 x 20.14) 27 = 0.56 + 10% = 1.0 cy

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MES
(BOARDS, LUMBER, TIMBER & PLYWOOD)
The

unit of measure to estimate boards, lumber, and timber is board feet (bf).
One

board foot is equal to a piece of wood having 12 square inches of end area, and is 1 foot long.

The

unit of measure to estimate plywood is sheet (sh).

One

sheet of plywood has 32 square feet of surface area.

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BOARDS, LUMBER & TIMBER ESTIMATING CALCULATIONS

Consolidate and total all like wood sizes & grades. Calculate board feet. Total all dissimilar wood sizes & grades. Calculate board feet. Board Feet Calculation

((Thickness (in) x Width (in) x Length (ft) x Quantity) 12) + Waste Factor = Total Board Feet (Round up)

(2 x 6 x 16 x 6) 12 = 96.0 bf + 10% = 106.0 bf

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PLYWOOD ESTIMATING CALCULATION

Consolidate and total all like plywood sizes & grades. Calculate sheets required. Total all dissimilar plywood sizes & grades. Calculate sheets required. Sheet Calculation

Total Surface area to be covered from MTO 32 (sf) = Total sheets required + waste factor = Total sheets to order.
(Round up)

512 sqft 32 sqft = 1 6.0 sh + 15% = 19.0 sh

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MES (NAILS) & NAIL ESTIMATING CALCULATIONS

Unit of measure for nails by the pound (lb). Three formulas, based on nail size, are used to determine nail requirements.
2d

to 12d Nails:
size x Total bf of lumber to be fastened) 400) + Waste Factor = Total nails (lbs) (Round up)

((Nail

(10d x 523 bf) 400 = 13.08 + 10% = 15.0 lbs

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NAIL ESTIMATING CALCULATIONS (CONT)

12d

to 60d Nails:

((Nail

size x Total bf of lumber to be fastened) 600) + Waste Factor = Total nails (lbs) (Round up)

(763 bf x 16d) 600 = 20.35 + 10% = 23.0 lbs

2d

to 12d Nails for plywood:

sqft x Total sheets to be fastened) 400) + Waste Factor = Total nails (lbs) (Round up)

((32

(32 sf x 19 sh) 400 = 1.52 + 10% = 2.0 lbs

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Material Estimate Sheet

Work Description Detailed Material Description Material U/I Material Quantity Waste Factor Total Qty

Project: Estimator:

Date: Sheet of

MATERIALS ESTIMATION SHEET (MES)

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PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Part #1 & #2 Material Estimate Sheets

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What is the purpose of a materials estimate sheet? What is a board foot?

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BILL OF MATERIALS (BOM)

Consolidated list of:

All material descriptions Quantities NSNs Unit of issue Unit cost Total cost of individual items Total cost of all materials required

Source document used to order project materials. Manufacturers, venders, companies and acceptable replacement items are also listed to prevent poor substitutions.
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BILL OF MATERIALS (BOM)

STANDARD UNITS OF MEASURE MATERIAL U/M MATERIAL CONCRETE (Ready Mix) cuyd DIMENSION LUMBER SAND GRAVEL CEMENT CONCRETE BLOCK REINFORCEMENT BAR WELDED WIRE CRUSHED ROCK POLY VAPOR BARRIER FILL DIRT BATT INSULATION PAINT HINGES INSECT SCREEN ROOFING FELT ROLL ROOFING DOORS ELECTRICAL WIRE ELECTRICAL SWITCHES ELECTRICAL CONDUIT SERVICE HEAD PLUMBING FIXTURES PIPE COUPLINGS 1/2 cuyd 1/2 cuyd bg ea ft ro cuyd ro cuyd ro ga ea ro ro ro ea ft ea ft ea ea ea TIMBER PLYWOOD TRUSS'S DRYWALL NAILS SCREWS ANCHOR BOLTS BOLTS DRYWALL SCREWS DRYWALL TAPE DRYWALL COMPOUND LAP SIDING T-111 SIDING CORRUGATED ROOFING ASPHALT SHINGLES WINDOWS ELECTRICAL OUTLETS LIGHTING JUNCTION BOXES CONDUIT CONNECTORS PLUMBING PIPE FORM TIE WIRE U/M bf bf sh ea sh lb bx ea ea bx ro ga sq sh sh sq ea ea ea ea ea ft ft
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Bill of Materials
Detailed Nomenclature Description NSN U/I Unit Cost Qty Req Total Cost Source/ Substitute

Project:

Total Project Material Cost:

Estimator:

Date:

Sheet

of

What is a bill of materials?

What is a bill of materials used for?

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SUMMARY

MATHEMATICAL CONVERSIONS MATERIAL TAKEOFF LISTS MATERIAL ESTIMATION SHEET BILL OF MATERIALS

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