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Buck Converter: SPDT Switch Changes DC Component

This document introduces buck converters and discusses their operating principles. It explains that a buck converter uses a switch and an inductor to change the DC component of the input voltage. The duty cycle D determines the output voltage, with the output being approximately equal to D times the input voltage. It then discusses three basic DC-DC converters - the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters - and shows their relationships between duty cycle and output voltage. The objectives of the chapter are to develop techniques for determining converter output voltages, derive principles of inductor volt-second balance and capacitor charge balance, and illustrate examples.

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Paulo Souza
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103 views5 pages

Buck Converter: SPDT Switch Changes DC Component

This document introduces buck converters and discusses their operating principles. It explains that a buck converter uses a switch and an inductor to change the DC component of the input voltage. The duty cycle D determines the output voltage, with the output being approximately equal to D times the input voltage. It then discusses three basic DC-DC converters - the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters - and shows their relationships between duty cycle and output voltage. The objectives of the chapter are to develop techniques for determining converter output voltages, derive principles of inductor volt-second balance and capacitor charge balance, and illustrate examples.

Uploaded by

Paulo Souza
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

1 Introduction Buck converter


1

SPDT switch changes dc component


Vg

+ +
2

+ R v(t)

vs(t)

Switch output voltage waveform


Duty cycle D: 0D1

vs(t)

Vg DTs D ' Ts 0 DTs 1 2 Ts t 1

complement D: D = 1 - D
Fundamentals of Power Electronics

0 Switch position:

Chapter 2: Principles of steady-state converter analysis

Dc component of switch output voltage


vs(t) Vg area = DTsVg 0 vs = DVg 0 DTs Ts t

Fourier analysis: Dc component = average value


vs = 1 Ts
Ts

vs(t) dt
0

vs = 1 (DTsVg) = DVg Ts
Fundamentals of Power Electronics
3

Chapter 2: Principles of steady-state converter analysis

Insertion of low-pass filter to remove switching harmonics and pass only dc component
1

L + + C R v(t)

Vg

vs(t)

V
v vs = DVg
Vg

0 0
Fundamentals of Power Electronics
4

Chapter 2: Principles of steady-state converter analysis

Three basic dc-dc converters


(a)
1

1 0.8

M ( D) = D

Buck

Vg

M(D)

iL (t)
C R

+
0.6 0.4 0.2

0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

(b)

Vg

M(D)

Boost

iL (t)

4 3 2 1 0 0

1 M ( D) = 1 D

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

(c)
0

0
1 2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Vg

M(D)

Buck-boost

1 2 3 4 5

iL (t)

D M ( D) = 1 D

Fundamentals of Power Electronics

Chapter 2: Principles of steady-state converter analysis

Objectives of this chapter


Develop techniques for easily determining output voltage of an arbitrary converter circuit Derive the principles of inductor volt-second balance and capacitor charge (amp-second) balance Introduce the key small ripple approximation Develop simple methods for selecting filter element values Illustrate via examples

G G

Fundamentals of Power Electronics

Chapter 2: Principles of steady-state converter analysis

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