Standards

The standards mentioned in this document

Where can you order IEC publications? Central Offices of the International Electrotechnical Commission 1, rue de Varemb Geneva - Switzerland. The documentation department (Factory A2) at Merlin Gerin can provide you with information on the standards.

c International Electrotechnical Vocabulary c High voltage alternating current circuit breakers c Current transformers c Voltage transformers c Alternating current disconnectors and earthing disconnectors c High voltage switches c Metal-enclosed switchgear for alternating current at rated voltage of over 1 kV and less than or equal to 72.5 kV c High-voltage alternating current combined fuse-switches and combined fuse-circuit breakers c High-voltage alternating current contactors c Specifications common to highvoltage switchgear standards c Calculation rules in industrial installations c Derating

IEC 60 050

IEC 60 056 IEC 60 185 IEC 60 186

IEC 60 129 IEC 60 265

IEC 60 298

IEC 60 420

IEC 60 470

IEC 60 694

IEC 60 909 ANSI C37 04

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IEC - ANSI comparison

Overview of the main differences

The following comparison is based on different circuit breaker characteristics.
Theme
asymmetrical breaking capacity on faults across the terminals insulation level: impulse wave

ANSI
50% with current derating imposes chopped waves for outdoor equipment 115% Uw/3 s 129% Uw/2 s 2.7 Isc

IEC
30% without derating

short-time withstand current peak value Transient Recovery voltage(1) electrical endurance mechanical endurance motor overvoltages
(1) the

2.5Isc at 50 Hz 2.6Isc at 60 Hz 2.7Isc for special cases

around twice as severe 4 times K.S.Isc 1 500 to 10 000 according to Ua and Isc no text

3 times Isc 2 000 standard test circuit

ANSI peak voltage is 10% greater than the voltage defined by the IEC. The E2/t2 slope is 50% greater than the Uc/t3 slope. However, the largest part of the graph is the initial part where the SF6 reconstitutes itself. The two standards easily allow the SF6 to reconstitute itself.

Rated voltages
According to IEC
c Standardised values for Ur (kV): 3.6 - 7.2 - 12 - 17.5 - 24 - 36 kV

According to ANSI
c The ANSI standard defines a class and a voltage range factor K which defines a range of rated voltages at constant power. Standardised values for Ur (kV)
Indoor equipment class (kV) 4.16 7.2 13.8 38 15.5 25 38 Umax (kV) 4.76 8.25 15 38 Umin (kV) 3.85 6.6 11.5 23 K 1.24 1.25 1.3 1.65 1 1 1

Outdoor equipment

Rated installation level

According to IEC
Upeak (%)
100 90 50
1.2 s

Rated voltage (kV)

7.2 12 17.5 24 36

Rated lightning withstand voltage (kV)

60 75 95 125 170

Rated power frequency withstand voltage 50 Hz 1 mm (kV)

20 28 38 50 70

10
50 s Standardised wave 1.2/50 s

t (s)

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According to ANSI
Upeak (%)
100 90 70 50 10
tc

Rated voltage (kV)

t (s)

Rated lightning withstand voltage (kV)

60 95 95 150 110 125 150 150 200

Rated power frequency withstand voltage 50 Hz 1 mm (kV)

19 36 36 80 50 60 80

Onde coupe suivant ANSI pour le matriel d'extrieur

Indoor equipment 4.16 7.2 13.8 38 Outdoor equipment 15.5 25.8 38

N.B. c BIL: Basic Insulation Level The outdoor equipment is tested with chopped waves.
c The impulse withstand is equal to: 1.29 BIL for a duration of tc = 2 s 1.15 BIL for a duration tc = 3 s

Rated normal current

According to IEC
c Values of rated current: 400 - 630 - 1250 - 1600 - 2500 - 3150 A

According to ANSI
c Values of rated current: 1200 - 2000 - 3000 A

Short-time withstand current

According to IEC
c Values of short-circuit rated breaking capacity: 6.3 - 8 - 10 - 12.5 - 16 - 20 - 25 - 31.5 - 40 - 50 - 63 kA

According to ANSI
c Values of short-circuit rated breaking capacity: v indoor equipment: 12.5 - 20 - 25 - 31.5 - 40 kA v outdoor equipment: Class (MVA)
250 350 500 750 1000 1500 2750

Breaking capacity (kA)

I at Umax 29 41 18 28 37 21 40 KI at Umin 36 49 23 36 46 35 40

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Peak value of short-time current and closing capacity

According to IEC
c The peak value of short-time withstand current is equal to: v 2.5Isc at 50 Hz v 2.6Isc at 60 Hz v 2.7Isc for special cases.

According to ANSI
c The peak value of short-time withstand current is equal to: v 2.7 K Isc at peak value v 1.6 K Isc at rms. value. (K : voltage factor)

Rated short-circuit duration

According to IEC
c The rated short-circuit duration is equal to 1 or 3 seconds.

According to ANSI
c The rated short-circuit duration is equal to 3 seconds.

Rated supply voltage for closing and opening devices and auxiliary circuits
According to IEC
c Supply voltage values for auxiliary circuits: v for direct current (dc): 24 - 48 - 60 - 110 or 125 - 220 or 250 volts v for alternating current (ac): 120 - 220 - 230 - 240 volts. c Operating voltages must fall within the following ranges: v Motor and closing release units: -15% to +10% of Ur in dc et ac v opening release units: -15% to +10% of Ur in ac; -30% to +10% of Ur in dc v undervoltage opening release units
the release unit gives the command and forbids closing the release unit must not have an action

0%

35 %

70 %

100 %

(at 85%, the release unit must enable the device to close)

According to ANSI
c Supply voltage values for auxiliary circuits: v for direct current (dc): 24 - 48 - 125 - 250 volts. v for alternating (ac): 120 - 240 volts

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c Operating voltage must fall within the following ranges: Voltage

Motor and closing release units 48 Vsc 125 Vsc 250 Vsc 120 Vac 240 Vac Opening release units 24 Vsc 48 Vsc 125 Vsc 250 Vsc 120 Vac 240 Vac

Voltage range (V)

36 to 56 90 to 140 180 to 280 104 to 127 208 to 254 14 to 28 28 to 56 70 to 140 140 to 220 104 to 127 208 to 254

Rated frequency
According to IEC
c Rated frequency: 50 Hz.

According to ANSI
c Rated frequency: 60 Hz.

Short-circuit breaking capacity at the rated operating sequence

c ANSI specifies 50% asymmetry and IEC 30%. In 95% of applications, 30% is sufficient. When 30% is too low, there are specific cases (proximity of generators) for which the asymmetry may be greater than 50%. c For both standard systems, the designer has to check the circuit breaker breaking capacity. The difference is not important because without taking account of the asymmetry factor "S", it is equal to 10%.

ANSI: Iasym = Isym IEC: Iasym = Isym

(1 + 2 A2) = 1.22 Isym (A = 50%) (1 + 2 A2) = 1.08 Isym (A = 30%)

According to IEC
c Short-circuit breaking tests must meet the following 5 test sequences: Sequence n % Isym % aperiodic component
1 2 3 4 5* 10 20 60 100 100 20 20 20 20 30

* for circuit breakers opening at least 80 ms

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According to ANSI
c The circuit breaker must be able to break: v the rated short circuit current at the rated maximum voltage v K times the rated short-circuit current (maxi symmetrical interrupting capability with K: voltage range factor) at the operating voltage (maximum voltage/K) v between the two currents obtained by the equation: maxi symetrical current rated maxi voltage = =K rated short-circuit current rated voltage We therefore have a constant breaking power (in MVA) over a given voltage range. Moreover, the asymmetrical current will be a function of the following table taking S = 1.1 for Merlin Gerin circuit breakers.
1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0 0 ratio S
Asymmetrical interrupting capability = S x symetrical interrupting capability. Both at specified operating voltage

Symetrical interrupting capability at specified operating voltage = 1.0

0.5 1 0.006 0.017

2 0.033

3 0.050

4 0.067

cycles seconds

c Rated short-circuit breaking capacity (kA) Sequence n Example: c Isc = 40 kA c % asymmetry = 50% c Iasym = 1.1 40 = 44 kA 44 44 c Isym = = = 36 kA 1,22 1 + 2(50%)2 Sequence 6 will therefore be tested at 36 kA + 50% asymmetry, this being 44 kA of total current.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9/10 11 12 13/14

current broken

% aperiodic component

10 50 - 100 30 < 20 60 50 - 100 100 < 20 KI to V/K < 20 SI to V 50 - 100 KSI to V/K 50 - 100 electrical endurance reclosing cycle at ASI and AKSI C - 2 s - O at KI rated Isc duration = KI for 3 s single phase testing at KI and KSI (0.58 V)

Short-circuit breaking testing must comply with the 14 test sequences above, with:
I R : : symmetrical breaking capacity at maximum voltage reclosing cycle coefficient (Reclosing factor) voltage range factor:

K=

Vmax Vmin

asymmetrical factor:

Iasym = 1.1 Isym

for Merlin Gerin circuit breakers

maximum rated voltage

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Coordination of rated values

According to IEC
Rated voltage
Ur (kV) 3.6

Rated short-circuit breaking current

Isc (kA) 10 16 25 40 8 12.5 16 25 40 8 12.5 16 25 40 50 8 12.5 16 25 40 8 12.5 16 25 40 8 12.5 16 25 40

Rated operating current

Ir (A) 400 630 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250 1600 1600 2500 2500

3150

7.2

400 400

630 630 630

1600 1600 1600

2500 2500

3150

12

400 400

630 630 630

1600 1600 1600 1600

2500 2500 2500

3150 3150

17.5

400

630 630 630

1600

2500

3150

24

400

630 630 630

1600 1600

2500 2500

3150

36

630 630 630

1600 1600 1600

2500 2500

3150

According to ANSI
Maximum rated voltage
Umax (kV) 4.76

Rated short-circuit breaking current at Umax

Isc (kA) 18 29 41 7 17 33 9.3 9.8 18 19 28 37 8.9 18 35 56 5.4 11 22 36

Minimum rated voltage

(kV) 3.5 3.85 4 2.3 4.6 6.6 6.6 4 11.5 6.6 11.5 11.5 5.8 12 12 12 12 12 23 24

Rated short-circuit breaking current at Umin

Isc (kA) 24 36 49 25 30 41 21 37 23 43 36 48 24 23 45 73 12 24 36 57
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Rated operating current

Ir (A) 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 2000 600 1200 1200 1200 3000 3000 4000 2000 3000 2000 2000

8.25

600

15

2000 2000 2000 3000

15.5

600

25.8 38

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Derating
According to IEC
c Refer to "Switchgear definition/Derating" chapter.

According to ANSI
c The ANSI standard C37 04 gives for altitudes greater than 1 000 metres: v a correction factor for the applicable voltage on the rated insulation level and on the rated maximum voltage, v a correction factor for the rated operating current. The table of correction factors according to altitude (Altitude Corrections Factors: ACF). Altitude (ft)
3 300 5 000 10 000

(m)
1 000 1 500 3 000

ACF for: voltage

1.00 0.95 0.8

continous current
1.00 0.99 0.96

N.B.: "sealed system" type circuit breakers, it is not necessairy to apply the voltage ACF on the maximum rated voltage

Electrical endurance
Merlin Gerin circuit breakers can withstand Isc at least 15 times. IEC and ANSI standards impose values well below this because they take account of oil breaking circuit breakers. These values are not very high and should the customer request it, we must provide those for the device being considered.

According to IEC
c The electrical endurance is equal to 3 times Isc.

According to ANSI
c The electrical endurance is equal to 4 times K.S.Isc.
Isc S K : : : symmetrical breaking capacity at maximum voltage asymmetrical factor voltage range factor

Mechanical endurance
According to IEC
c Mechanical endurance is of 2 000 switching cycles.

According to ANSI
c Mechanical endurance is of between 1 500 and 10 000 switching cycles according to the voltage and the breaking capacity.

Construction
According to IEC
c The IEC does not impose any particular constraints, however, the manufacturer has responsibility of determining what is required in terms of materials (thicknesses, etc) to meet performance requirements in terms of strength.

According to ANSI
c ANSI imposes a thickness of 3 mm for sheet metal.

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Normal operating conditions

Equipment is designed to operate under the following normal conditions

Temperature
Standards IEC 0C ambient instantaneous
minimal maximal maximum average daily value minimal maximal

Installation indoor outdoor

- 5C + 40C 35C - 30C + 40C - 25C + 40C 35C

ANSI

N.B.: For all equipment operating under conditions other than those described above, derating must be provided (see derating chapter).

Altitude
According to IEC
c The altitude must not exceed 1 000 metres, otherwise the equipment should be derated.

According to ANSI
c The altitude must not exceed 3 300 feet (1 000 metres), otherwise the equipment should be derated.

Humidity
According to IEC
Average relative humidity value over a period
24 hours 1 month

Indoor equipment
95 % 90 %

According to ANSI
c No specific constraints.

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