TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

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1. Form
In a Type 2 conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the simple past, and the tense in the main clause is the present conditional: 'IF' CLAUSE If + simple past If it rained If you went to bed earlier Present conditional, form The present conditional of any verb is composed of two parts - the modal auxiliary would + the infinitive of the main verb (without 'to'.) Subje w infinitive ct + ou without to ld + She w learn ou ld MAIN CLAUSE Present conditional you would get wet you wouldn't be so tired.

Affirmative I Negative I Interrogative Would Interrogative negative Wouldn't they accept? she come? wouldn't ask would go

Would: Contractions of would In spoken English, would is contracted to 'd. I'd you'd We'd you'd

he'd, she'd

they'd

The negative contraction = wouldn't.

Example: to accept, Present conditional

Affirmative I would accept You would accept He would accept We would accept You would accept They would accept Negative I wouldn't accept You wouldn't accept She wouldn't accept We wouldn't accept You wouldn't accept They wouldn't accept Interrogative Would I accept? Would you accept? Would he accept? Would we accept? Would you accept? Would they accept?

2. Function
In these sentences, the time is now or any time, and the situation is unreal. They are not based on fact, and they refer to an unlikely or hypothetical condition and its probable result. The use of the past tense after 'if' indicates unreality. We can nearly always add a phrase starting with "but", that expresses the real situation:

If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park (...but it is bad, so we can't go) If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone 100. (...but I'm not, so I won't)

Examples of use:
1. 2. To make a statement about something that is not real at present, but is possible: I would visit her if I had time. (= I haven't got time but I might have some time) To make a statement about a situation that is not real now and never could be real: If I were you, I'd give up smoking (but I could never be you)

Examples:
a. If I was a plant, I would love the rain. b. If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring. c. If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her. d. You wouldn't need to read this if you understood English grammar. e. Would he go to the concert if I gave him a ticket? f. They wouldn't invite her if they didn't like her g. We would be able to buy a larger house if we had more money NOTE: It is correct, and very common, to say "If I were" instead of "If I was".

IF Clause Type 2
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Form
if + Simple Past, main clause with Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

Example: I would send her an invitation if I found her address.

Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative. See Simple Past und Conditional I on how to form negative sentences.

Example: If I had a lot of money, I wouldnt stay here. Were instead of Was
In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use were even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it .

Example: If I were you, I would not do this.

Use
Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just imagine what would happen if

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

I would like to send an invitation to a friend. I have looked everywhere for her address, but I cannot find it. So now I think it is rather unlikely that I will eventually find her address.

Example: If John had the money, he would buy a Ferrari.

I know John very well and I know that he doesn't have much money, but he loves Ferraris. He would like to own a Ferrari (in his dreams). But I think it is very unlikely that he will have the money to buy one in the near future.

Exercises
Janine is a daydreamer. She imagines what would happen if she won the lottery.
1. If I played the lottery, I would have a chance to hit the jackpot.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. island. 8. 9. 10.

If I hit the jackpot, I would be

rich. completely. a nice one. a huge house by the beach. to spend their holidays on my a house by the beach.

If I were rich, my life would change I would buy a lonely island, if I found

If I owned a lonely island, I would build I would invite all my friends if I had

I would pick my friends up in my yacht if they wanted We would have great parties if my friends came But if my friends' holidays were over, I would feel

to my island. a helicopter. very lonely on my lonely island.

If we liked to go shopping in a big city, we would charter

Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type II) by putting the verbs into the correct form. Use conditional I with would in the main clause.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

If we had a yacht, we would sail the seven seas. If he had more time, he would learn karate. If they told their father, he would be very angry. She would spend a year in the USA if it were easier to get a green card. If I lived on a lonely island, I would run around naked all day. We would help you if we knew how. My brother would buy a sports car if he had the money. If I felt better, I would go to the cinema with you. If you went by bike more often, you would not be so flabby. She would not talk to you if she were mad at you.