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Duphalac

Duphalac (lactulose) is an adjunct used in the prevention and treatment of portal systemic encephalopathy (PSE). It works by promoting the conversion of ammonia to ammonium in the colon, reducing ammonia absorption into the bloodstream. The typical dosage is 1-2 tablespoons daily at bedtime. Special precautions should be taken for patients with diabetes or those using it long-term, and effects like flatulence and diarrhea are common adverse reactions.

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1K views2 pages

Duphalac

Duphalac (lactulose) is an adjunct used in the prevention and treatment of portal systemic encephalopathy (PSE). It works by promoting the conversion of ammonia to ammonium in the colon, reducing ammonia absorption into the bloodstream. The typical dosage is 1-2 tablespoons daily at bedtime. Special precautions should be taken for patients with diabetes or those using it long-term, and effects like flatulence and diarrhea are common adverse reactions.

Uploaded by

ianecunar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Brand name: Duphalac

Generic name: Lactulose


Indication: adjunct in the prevention and treatment of portal systemic encelopathy (PSE)
Drug classification: laxative
Mechanism of action: the bacterial degradation of lactulose resulting in an acidic pH
inhibits the diffusion of NH3 into the blood by causing the conversion of NH# to
NH4+, also enhances the diffusion of NH3 into the gut where conversion to
NH4+ occurs; produces an osmotic effect in the colon with resultant distention
promoting peristalsis
Dosage: 1-2 tbsp daily at bedtime
Special precaution: use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus, monitor
periodically for electrolyte imbalance when lactulose is used >6months or in
patients predisposed to electrolyte abnormalities (e.g. elderly), patients receiving
lactulose and an oral anti-infective agent should be monitored for possible
inadequate response to lactulose
Pregnancy risk factor: B
Adverse reactions: flatulence, diarrhea
Contraindications: patients with galactosemia and require a low galactose diet,
hypersensitivity to any component
Form: syrup: 10g/15ml (15ml, 30ml,273ml,473ml,946ml,1890ml)
Nursing responsibilities:
 Dilute lactulose in water usually 60-120ml, prior to administering through a
gastric or feeding tube
 Monitor patient’s BP standing, supine, bowel movement, patterns, fluid status

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