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    Manu Smruti

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    Rajesh Chaturvedi
    1) The document is an introduction to the Manu Smriti, one of the most important works of Hindu law outlining duties and social order. It was likely compiled around 200 CE. 2) The Manu Smriti divides society into four classes - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - and defines the duties of each class as well as penalties for violations. It justifies the caste system and Brahmin supremacy. 3) The 12-chapter text is ascribed to Manu, the first man and forefather of humanity, and covers topics like the origin of the world, duties of the different classes, rules of

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    Manu Smruti

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh Chaturvedi
    239 views112 pages
    1) The document is an introduction to the Manu Smriti, one of the most important works of Hindu law outlining duties and social order. It was likely compiled around 200 CE. 2) The Manu Smriti divides society into four classes - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - and defines the duties of each class as well as penalties for violations. It justifies the caste system and Brahmin supremacy. 3) The 12-chapter text is ascribed to Manu, the first man and forefather of humanity, and covers topics like the origin of the world, duties of the different classes, rules of

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    About Story of Dushyant and Shakuntala

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    1) The document is an introduction to the Manu Smriti, one of the most important works of Hindu law outlining duties and social order. It was likely compiled around 200 CE. 2) The Manu Smriti divides society into four classes - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - and defines the duties of each class as well as penalties for violations. It justifies the caste system and Brahmin supremacy. 3) The 12-chapter text is ascribed to Manu, the first man and forefather of humanity, and covers topics like the origin of the world, duties of the different classes, rules of

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    239 views112 pages

    Manu Smruti

    Uploaded by

    Rajesh Chaturvedi
    1) The document is an introduction to the Manu Smriti, one of the most important works of Hindu law outlining duties and social order. It was likely compiled around 200 CE. 2) The Manu Smriti divides society into four classes - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - and defines the duties of each class as well as penalties for violations. It justifies the caste system and Brahmin supremacy. 3) The 12-chapter text is ascribed to Manu, the first man and forefather of humanity, and covers topics like the origin of the world, duties of the different classes, rules of

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    Sacred Texts

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    Manu Smruti
    (The Laws of Manu)
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    Manu Smruti

    MANU SMRUTI : AN INTRODUCTION


    Manusmruti (also known as Manusmriti or Manusmrti)
    is the most important and foundational work of Hindu law. It
    throws light on ancient Indian society, Hindu caste system, laws,
    rules and codes of conduct for various entities and stages of life
    for ashramvasi man. Assumed to be compiled and written
    around 200 CE in India, Manu Smruti is one of the eighteen
    Smritis of the Dharma Sastra (laws of righteous conduct). Smriti
    means "what is remembered" and is applied in general to
    traditional Indian epics, the Puranas, and science and grammar
    treatises. Unlike the Vedas which are part of Shruti means
    what is heard and are considered as eternal or of divine origin,
    the Smritis are considered to be of human origin and are
    susceptible to the flaws of humans.
    Manu Smruti divides society into four classes - Brahmins
    (teachers and priests), Kshatriyas (administrators and armymen),
    Vaishyas (traders, farmers and herdsmen) and Shudras (slaves).
    It defines the duties of four castes, their relative position and
    determines the penalties to be indicted for any transgressions.
    The text justify the sanctity of the caste system, authorize
    Brahmin supremacy, and the lower status to the Shudras. It
    offeres great concessions in fines and punishments to wrong
    doing of Brahmin caste in comparision with that offered to the
    members of the other caste, thus helping exaggerate dignity of
    the Brahmins while debasing that of the Sudras.
    Contained in 12 chapters, Manu Smruti is ascribed to
    Manu, said to be the forefather of all human race. Manu,
    Brahmas son, the legendary first man and the Adam of the
    Hindus, records Brahmas words on law, polity, and pleasure.
    He, then teaches it to his own students, including Bhrigu. Bhrigu
    then relays this information in the Manu Smriti, to an audience of
    his own pupils. The text begins with Manu detailing the creation
    of the world and the society within it, structured around four
    social classes.

    The content of this book, can be divided into the


    following:
    Origin of the World (1.1-119)
    Sources of the Law (2.1-24)
    Dharma of the Four Social Classes (2.25-11.266)
    Rules Relating to Law (2.25-10.131)
    Rules of Action in Normal Times (2.26-9.336)
    Dharma of a Brahmin (2.26-6.97)
    Rules of Action for a King (7.1-9.325)
    Rules of Action for Vaiyas and dras (9.325-36)
    Rules of Action in Times of Adversity (10.1-129)
    Rules Relating to Penance (11.1-265)
    Determination Regarding Engagement in Action (12.3-116)
    Fruits of Action (12.3-81)
    Rules of Action for Supreme God (12.83-115)
    The stance of the Manu Smriti on position of women,
    education of women (Vedic scriptures), child marriage etc. is
    often debated yet most Hindus agree that it is authoritative text
    on Hindu laws. Pominent among them are Swami Dayananda
    Saraswati, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, Annie Besant, and S.
    Radhakrishnan. The text, known in English as the Laws of
    Manu was first translated into English in 1794 by Sir William
    Jones, judge of the British Supreme Court in Calcutta. Other
    notable translations include one made by Professor George
    Bhler, which appeared in the series Sacred Books of the East,
    Volume 25, in 1886.
    Find here the Sanskrit text of Manu Smrti. To read online
    or download as PDF other Hindu scriptures like Mahabharata,
    Ramayan, Srimad Bhagavat, Bhagavat Gita, Upanishads, etc.,
    please visit www.swargarohan.org.

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