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Data and Variables: Team #2: Dania Torres, Diana Bracamonte and Zhang Jian

Data are measurements or observations that are typically numeric, while a variable is a characteristic that can be measured or observed. There are two main types of variables: quantitative variables, which vary by amount and are measured numerically, including continuous and discrete variables; and qualitative variables, which vary by class and describe non-numeric phenomena, including hierarchical and nominal variables. An independent variable is manipulative and unchanged between conditions in an experiment, while a dependent variable changes in the presence of the independent variable.

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Diana Bracamonte Dyck
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132 views5 pages

Data and Variables: Team #2: Dania Torres, Diana Bracamonte and Zhang Jian

Data are measurements or observations that are typically numeric, while a variable is a characteristic that can be measured or observed. There are two main types of variables: quantitative variables, which vary by amount and are measured numerically, including continuous and discrete variables; and qualitative variables, which vary by class and describe non-numeric phenomena, including hierarchical and nominal variables. An independent variable is manipulative and unchanged between conditions in an experiment, while a dependent variable changes in the presence of the independent variable.

Uploaded by

Diana Bracamonte Dyck
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA AND VARIABLES

Team #2: DANIA TORRES, DIANA BRACAMONTE AND ZHANG JIAN

What is data?

Data (plural) are measurements or observations that are typically numeric. Datum (singular) is a single measurement or observation, usually referred to as a score or raw score. Its usually presented graphically in tabular forms or as summary statistics. Its collected from a portion of individuals in a group of interest.

What is a variable?

Independent:

its the manipulative variable remains unchanged between conditions in an experiment.

Dependent

its the changed variable in the presence of the independent variable.

Types of variables

Quantitative: varies by amount; its measured numerically and is often collected by measuring or counting. (income, age, etc.)
Continuous: measured along a continuum at any place beyond the decimal point; can be measured in whole or fractional units. Discrete: measured in whole units or categories that are not distributed along a continuum.

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Types of variables

Qualitative: varies by class; its often represented as a label and describes nonnumeric aspects of phenomena. (marital status, gender, nationality, etc.)
Hierarchical: its when an order relationship can be established between the possible observations. Nominal: can be measured only in terms of whether the individual items belong to certain distinct categories; has no order.

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