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TCPIP Overview

The document discusses the Internet Protocol (IP) which is the principal communications protocol used for relaying data across a network or between networks. It describes how IP addresses are structured as a series of four numbers between 0-255 that identify devices on a network. The document also covers key aspects of IP including classes of addresses, reserved addresses, subnetting, and the transition from IPv4 to IPv6.

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100 views19 pages

TCPIP Overview

The document discusses the Internet Protocol (IP) which is the principal communications protocol used for relaying data across a network or between networks. It describes how IP addresses are structured as a series of four numbers between 0-255 that identify devices on a network. The document also covers key aspects of IP including classes of addresses, reserved addresses, subnetting, and the transition from IPv4 to IPv6.

Uploaded by

mushtaqnaik123
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Internet Protocol

 Mushtaq Hussain Naik


 System Admin
OSI Model
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
The Network Layer

 Navigating data

 Source

 Destination
Internet Protocol
 Numbering scheme

 Largest network of computers

 AmericanRegistry of Internetwork
Numbers (ARIN)
What is an IP address
 A way to identify machines on a network

 A unique identifier
IP usage
 Used to connect to another computer

 Allows transfers of files and e-mail


IP structure
 IP addresses consist of four sections

 Each section is 8 bits long

 Each section can range from 0 to 255

 Written, for example, 128.35.0.72


IP structure
 These four sections represent the machine
itself and the network it is on

 The network portion is assigned.

 Thehost section is determined by the


network administrator
IP structure
5 Classes of IP address A B C D and E

 Class A reserved for governments

 Class B reserved for medium companies

 Class C reserved for small companies


IP structure
 Class D are reserved for multicasting

 Class E are reserved for future use


IP structure

 Class A begins 1 to 126

 Class B begins 128 to 191

 Class C begins 192 to 223


Reserved addresses
 Addresses beginning 127 are reserved for
loopback and internal testing

 xxx.0.0.0 reserved for network address

 xxx.255.255.255 reserved for broadcast


IP Addresses
 IP addresses are:

 Unique

 Global and Standardised

 Essential
Subnetting - Why?
 Division of local networks

 Greater number of networks

 Simplifies addressing
Subnetting - How
 Bits borrowed from host field

Network Network Host Host

Network Network Subnet Host

Network Network Subnet Subnet/Host


Subnetting -Example
 130.5.0.0 - Network address
 130.5.2.144 - Host address
 255.255.255.0 - Subnet Mask
 130.5.2.0 - Subnet
Where do you want to go
Tomorrow?
 Computer controlled dwellings

 Road and rail systems

 Criminal tagging
The Internet Protocol
 Running out!!

 Upgraded to IPv6
Thank you!

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