CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.

0 NUMBER SYSTEM

TOPIC 1.0 : NUMBER SYSTEM

CONCEPT PRACTICE

Exercise 1.1 Real Numbers

 2 
1. Given S = −3.5, 3 − 2, 0, 4, 7, π , 1.4343..., 8, − , 2 3, 0.68 , identify
 5 
the set of
(a) natural numbers (b) whole numbers
(c) integers (d) rational numbers
(e) irrational numbers (f) real numbers

a
2. Express each of the following numbers as a quotient
b
(a) 1.5555555… (b) 2.7181818…

3. Complete the table.

No. Inequalities Notation Represent on the number Type of

line interval
Example a≤ x≤b [ a, b ] Close
a b
interval
i 1< x < 5

ii e < x ≤π

iii 0 ≤ x < 10

iv x < −1

v x≥0

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

4. Represent the following interval on real number line and state their types.
(a) (2,7) ∩ [ 5,9 ) (b) [ 4,12] ∩ ( 2,9]
(c) ( −4, ∞ ) ∩ ( 2, ∞ ) (d) ( 4,10 ) ∪ ( −4, ∞ )
(e) [ 3,8] ∪ [ 8,13]
Exercise 1.2 Indices, Surds and Logarithms

1. Evaluate :
3
4
(a) 64 (b)  
5
−2
1 1
(c)   (d)
2 2−1
1

(e)
−1
(f)  16  2
27 3
 
 49 
−3

(g)  100  2 (h)

1 1

  27 .3
4 4
 9 
1 −1
9 .273 2
(i) −1 −2
3 6 .3 3

2. Simplify :
1 −1

( 3x )
3
−2
x2 + x 2 y −3
(a) 1
(b)
x 2 27 x 4

 2 −34   −31 34 
(c)  3x y   x y 
  

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

3. Simplify :
(a) 50 (b) 20 + 5

(c) ( 3+ 5 )
2
(d) (
2 3− 2 2 )
(e) ( 2 −1 )( 2 +1 ) (f) (3 )(
3−2 3 3+2 )

4. Rationalise the denominators and simplify.

3 2
(a) (b)
2 2 3 −3
1 5 −1
(c) (d)
6− 5 5 −2

2 7 1 1
(e) (f) +
7 +2 2 +1 2 −1

5. Determine whether each of the following is true or false.

 x   log x 
(a) log   =   (b) log 2 ( x − y ) = log 2 x − log 2 y
 y   log y 
 a 
(c) log 5  2  = log 5 a (d) log 2 z = z log 2
b 
log a
(e) = log a − log b (f) ( log p ) ( log Q ) = log P + log Q
log b

( log 2 7 )
x
(g) = x log 2 7 (h) log a a a = a

log x 1
(i) log( x − y ) = (j) − ln   = ln A
log y  A

6. Convert each of the following facts to logarithmic form.

(a) 53 = 125 (b) 103 = 1000
5
(c) 120 = 1 (d) 4 = 32
2

3
(e) 1331 = ( 121) 2 (f) 10−2 = 0.01
−3
1
(g) 92 = (h) e2 = y
27

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

(i) p = q2 (j) ea = b

7. Convert each of the following facts to index form

(a) log 6 1296 = 4 (b) log10 100000 = 5

log 1 4 = −2 1
(c) (d) log 25 5 =
2 2
(e) log a 5 = b (f) log a 1 = 0

(g) log p q = r (h) log10 10 = 1

(i) ln x = 4 (j) ln 0.5 = a

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

8. Evaluate :
(a) log 4 64 (b) log10000

(c) log 1 4 (d) log125 25

2

(e) log 0.1 (f) log8 0.5

1
(g) log 9 9 2 (h) log a 1

(i) log a a 3 (j) ln e

2
(k) ln e 3 (l) ln e5

9. Simplify :
(a) log 3 + log 4 (b) log10 2 + log10 500

(c) log 2 + log 6 − log 4 (d) 2 log 3 + log 2

1 log 9
(e) log 25 − 2 log 3 + 2 log 6 (f)
2 log 3

(g) log 3 63 − log 3 7 (h) log 2 3 + log 2 2 − log 2 6 − log 2 8

1 1
(i) log 2 16 − log 2 8 (j) log 3 12 − 2 log 3 2
2 3

10. Solve the following equations.

1
(a) 9 x = 27 (b) 2 x+1 =
64
4 1
(c) 4 x + 2 = 1281− x (d) x
=
216 9

e 2 x =7
2
(e) 7 x − 496− 2 x = 0 (f)
x
1
  =3
x +3 x+1
(g) e =2 (h)
3

11. Solve the following equations.

(a) x−4 +6= x (b) 2x −1 = 4x − 9

(c) x + 2 + 2x + 5 = x + 3 (d) x − 3 + x + 5 = 2x + 8

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

12. Solve each equation

(a) log 2 ( x + 1) = 3 (b) log 3 ( x 2 ) = 4

(c) 3log 2 ( x + 1) − 2 = 13 (d) 4 log 3 ( 2 x ) − 1 = 7

(e) 12 + 2 ln x = 14 (f) ln x + ln 3 = 0
(g) log 2 ( x − 1) + log 2 ( x + 1) = 3

(h) ln x + ln ( x + 5 ) = ln ( x + 1) + ln ( x + 3)

(i) log x + log ( x + 5 ) = 2 log ( x + 2 )

(j) log ( x + 3) + log ( x + 4 ) = log ( x 3 + 13 x 2 ) − log x

Exercise 1.3 Complex Numbers

1. Express each of the following in the form a + bi

(a) ( 3 + 5i ) + ( 7 − 2i ) (b) ( 4 − 7i ) − ( 3 − 4i )
(c) ( 2 − i ) − ( −3 − 4i ) (d) ( 5 − 2i ) ( 6 + i )
(e) ( 3 − 6i )
2
(f) ( a + bi ) ( a − bi )
2 x + yi
(g) (h)
1− i x − yi

3+i 1+ i
(i) (j)
( 2 + i)
2
4 − 3i

(k) ( 2 − 5i )
2
(l) ( 3 + 2i )( 3 − 2i )
(m) 2 + −9 (n) −3 − −4

2. Solve the following equations for x and y

(a) x + yi = ( 3 + i ) ( 2 − 3i ) (b) 3 + 4i = ( x + yi ) ( 1 + i )

2 + 5i
(c) = x + yi (d) x + yi = 2
1− i

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

3. Given that z = 2 – 2i. Plot each of the following on an Argand diagram :

(a) −z (b) z

(c) ( 3z ) (d)
3
z

4. If z = −1 − i and w = 3 − i find

(a) z (b) w

(c) zw (d) Arg z

(e) Arg w

5. If z1 = 3 − 4i, z2 = 4 − 3i.Find

z1
(a) z1 + z2 (b)
z2

(c) Z1 + Z 2 (d) z1 z2

z1
(z )
2
(e) (f)
z2 2

6. Solve the following equations

(a) z2 + 2z + 3 = 0 (b) z 2 − 5z + 7 = 0

7. Given a = 2 + i , b = 1 + 2i, find the modulus and argument of the complex

number.
b
(a) 2a + b (b)
2a

8. Express each of the following in polar form

(a) z = 1 + 3i (b) z = 5 − 3i
(c) z = −2 (d) z = −4 − 4i

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

ANSWERS
Exercise 1.1 Real Numbers
1. (a) N={4,8}
(b) W={0,4,8}
(c) Z={0,4,8}
2
(d) Q = { −3.5, 0, 4,1.4343...,8, − , 0.68 }
5
(e) Q = { 3 − 2, 7, π , 2 3, }
2
(f) R = { −3.5, 3 − 2, 0, 4, 7, π ,1.4343...,8, − , 2 3, 0.68 }
5
14 299
2. (a) (b)
9 110

No. Inequalities Notation Represent on the number Type of

line interval
Example a≤ x≤b [ a, b ] Closed
a b interval
I 1< x < 5 ( 1,5) Open
interval

e< x ≤π 1 5
Ii ( e, π ] Half- open
e π interval
Iii 0 ≤ x < 10 [ 0,10 ) Half- open
0 10 interval
Iv x < −1 ( −∞, −1) Open

-1 interval
V x≥0 [ 0, ∞ ) Half- open
0 interval

3.

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

4. (a) [ 5, 7 ) , half open interval (b) [ 4,9] , closed interval

(c) ( 2, ∞ ) , open interval (d) ( −4, ∞ ) , open interval

(e) [ 3,13] , closed interval

Exercise 1.2 Indices, Surds and Logarithms

64
1. (a) 1296 (b) (c) 4
125
1 4
(d) 2 (e) (f)
3 7
27
(g) (h) 3 (i) 1
1000
1 5 −7
2. (a) 1+ (b) x −10 y −9 (c) 3x y 3 12
x
3. (a) 5 2 (b) 3 5 (c) 8 + 2 15
(d) 3 2 −4 (e) 1 (f) 23

4. (a)
3
2
2 (b)
2
3
(
2 3 +3 ) (c) 6+ 5

(d) 3+ 5 (e)
2
3
(
7−2 7 ) (f) 2 2

5. (a) false (b) false (c) false

(d) true (e) false (f) false
(g) false (h) true (i) false
(j) true

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

6. (a) log 5 125 = 3 (b) log10 1000 = 3

5
(c) log12 1 = 0 (d) log 4 32 =
2
3
(e) log121 1331 = (f) log10 0.01 = −2
2
1 3
(g) log 9 =− (h) ln y = 2
27 2
(i) log q p = 2 (j) ln b = a

7. (a) 64 = 1296 (b) 105 = 100000

−2
1 1
(c)   =4 (d) 25 2 = 5
2
(e) ab = 5 (f) a0 = 1
(g) pr = q (h) 101 = 10
(i) e4 = x (j) e a = 0.5

8. (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) -2

2 1
(d) (e) -1 (f) −
3 3
1
(g) (h) 0 (i) 3
2
2
(j) 1 (k) (l) 5
3
9. (a) log 12 (b) 3 (c) log 3
(d) log 18 (e) log 20 (f) 2
(g) 2 (h) -3 (i) 1
(j) 1
3 1
10. (a) x= (b) x = -7 (c) x=
2 3
2 ln 7
(d) x= (e) x = -6 or x = 2 (f) x=
3 2
1
(g) ln 2 – 3 (h) x= −
2
(j) x=2
11. (a) x=8 (b) x=4 (c) x = -2

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

(d) x=4
12. (a) x=7 (b) x=9 (c) x = 31
9 1
(d) x= (e) x=e (f) x=
2 3
(g) x=3 (h) x=3 (i) x=4
(j) x=2

Exercise 1.3 Complex Numbers

1. (a) 10 + 3i (b) 1 – 3i (c) 5 + 3i
(d) 32 – 7i (e) -27 – 36i (f) a 2 + b2
x2 − y 2 2 xy 9 13
(g) 1+ i (h) + 2 i (i) + i
x +y
2 2
x + y2 25 25

7 1
(j) − i (k) −23 − 10 2 i (l) 7
25 25
(m) 2 + 3i (n) – 3 – 2i

7 1
2. (a) x = 9 , y = -7 (b) x= ,y=
2 2
3 7
(c) x=− ,y= (d) x=2,y=0
2 2
3. (a) -2 + 2i (b) 2 + 2i
3 3
(c) 6 + 6i (d) + i
4 4
4. (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 2
3π π
(d) − (e) −
4 6
24 7i
5. (a) 7 – 7i (b) − (c) 7 + 7i
25 25
(d) 24 -7i (e) -i (f) 7 + 24i
5 3
6. (a) −1 ± 2 i (b) ± i
2 2
1
7. (a) 41 , 0.6747rad (b) , 0.6435rad
2

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CONCEPT PRACTICE 1.0 NUMBER SYSTEM

 π   π 
8. (a) 2  cos   + i sin    (b) 34 ( cos ( 0.54 ) − i sin ( 0.54 ) )
 3  3 

  3π   3π  
(c) 2 ( cos π + i sin π ) (d) 4 2  cos   − i sin   
  4   4 

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