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Proportion

This document outlines the 5-step process for conducting a hypothesis test using a traditional method. The steps are: [1] Define the null and alternative hypotheses; [2] Sketch and label the critical value region; [3] State the decision rule to either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis; [4] Calculate the test statistic; [5] State conclusions about whether to reject the null hypothesis and whether the data supports the alternative hypothesis or claim. The document provides an example where the claim is that more than half of Americans admit to running red lights, and survey data is used to test this claim against the null hypothesis.

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54 views1 page

Proportion

This document outlines the 5-step process for conducting a hypothesis test using a traditional method. The steps are: [1] Define the null and alternative hypotheses; [2] Sketch and label the critical value region; [3] State the decision rule to either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis; [4] Calculate the test statistic; [5] State conclusions about whether to reject the null hypothesis and whether the data supports the alternative hypothesis or claim. The document provides an example where the claim is that more than half of Americans admit to running red lights, and survey data is used to test this claim against the null hypothesis.

Uploaded by

KidGhost
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hypothesis Testing, a 5-step approach using the traditional method This example is on p. 355 of Triola's Essentials of Statistics , 2 nd ed.

Using a 0.05 significance level, we are testing the claim that more than half (of all Americans) admit to running red lights. We have a sample of 880 randomly selected drivers, of which 56% admit they run red lights. Obviously, in the study, 56% is more than 50%, but is it significantly more than half? A hypothesis test is a test of significance. The following are five steps that will lead you to correct conclusions concerning the null hypothesis and the claim. Instructor comments as we go along are in parentheses. [1] Claim: H0 : H1:

p > .5 p = .5 p > .5

(The claim will appear as the null or the alternative hypothesis.) (The null hypothesis always contains the condition of equality (= ) . (The alternative hypothesis is the same as the claim.)

[2]

(Sketch and label critical value. Look at the direction of the inequality symbol in H1 to determine where to shade. ).

p = 0.5

zcv = 1.645

(Reference Table A-2 on the Triola formula card for the critical value.)

[3] Decision Rule: We will reject H0 if zts > 1.645 .

(This step explains to someone following the logic what the plan is. We will always reject the null hypothesis if the test statistic, zts , falls in the critical region (shaded).)

[4]

zts =

0.56 0.5 = 3.56 (0.5)(0.5) 880

(Calculate the test statistic)

[5]

(State the conclusion in two parts: 1)about the null hypothesis and 2)about the claim. The flowchart on the Triola formula card will help you discuss the claim correctly. We said in the Decision Test (step 3) that we would reject the null hypothesis if the test statistic is greater than 1.645. It is. It is 3.56. Conclusions 1) and 2) follow from that observation.) 1) Reject H0 . 2) The sample data supports the claim that most Americans admit to running red lights.

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