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Balakot: Pir Punjab Thrust

The document describes the geology observed during a field study trip to Balakot, Pakistan. It details the various rock formations observed, including the Tanawal Formation from the Precambrian age consisting of chlorite mica schist. Metamorphic structures like folding, foliation, kink folds, and cleavage were observed. Other formations mentioned include the Mansehra garnet and quartzite formations.

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39 views3 pages

Balakot: Pir Punjab Thrust

The document describes the geology observed during a field study trip to Balakot, Pakistan. It details the various rock formations observed, including the Tanawal Formation from the Precambrian age consisting of chlorite mica schist. Metamorphic structures like folding, foliation, kink folds, and cleavage were observed. Other formations mentioned include the Mansehra garnet and quartzite formations.

Uploaded by

maliksahab2015
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MUHAMMAD HUSNAIN ROLL NO.

33

DAY3

BALAKOT
FIRST BREAK

Pir Punjab Thrust


It is restricted to sedimentary rocks. It marks boundary between soft rock and hard rocks.

Tanawal Formation
We see Chlorite mica schist of Tanawal Formation. Magnetic aerios Migmatite Gneiss Argillaceous material convert into scist Slate (very low grade metamorphic rocks) Index mineral (mineral appear at particular temperature) Chlorite zone Biotite (at above 250 degree centigrade) Chlorite (at above 300 degree centigrade) Chlorite schist

AGE
Precambrian

We also saw
Folding Foliation

Second Break At Tanawal Formation Kink fold Cleavage Micas Chlorite Third Break

Mansehra Garnet

Felsic plagioclase, quartz, feldspar (plagioclase, orthoclass), muscovite, biotite. Felsic rocks (light color rock) Plutonic rock (course grained) Volcanic rock Crystal of feldspar Porpheritic texture (large crystal are imbedded in fine crystal) Muscovite and biotite is present Biotite gives shining White milky feldspar Quartz is transparent Dolerite dike (hyper basin rock) Pyroxene and plagioclase is dominant quantity.

Metamorphism of sandstone
Precambrian sandstone metamorphosed into quartzite. We also see structure terraces

Fourth Break We see


Xenoliths Mansehra garnet Quartzite There is a contact between Mansehra garnet and quartzite.

Fifth Break FELDSPAR OUTCROP


It is called CHITTA WATTA Intrusion of feldspar Rich feldspar zone Weathering of Mansehra garnet turned into clay minerals Cross joint

Sixth Break Tanawal Formation Continuous


Argillaceous material metamorphosed into pillite

Arinaceous metamorphosed into psemite Plumose structure is present Mullion structure is present (cusp like corrugation form series of fold) There is a contact of competent and incompetent (culminationdepressionculminationdepression) Chlorite mica schist Chevron fold (sharp pointed hinge) Chevron fold converted into carrynate structure

Seventh Break

Cratons
Sedimentary cover above Soan River It is separate southern part and northern part

Muree Formation
Reddish shale Glauconitic sandstone The color of sandstone is red and dark grey Sirban dolomite Gauge and Brescia

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