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Www-w3schools-Com SQL SQL Syntax-ASP Bccxi4fo

This document provides an overview of SQL syntax and statements. It explains what a database table is and gives an example. It also describes the SELECT statement and distinguishes between DML and DDL SQL statements.

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235 views

Www-w3schools-Com SQL SQL Syntax-ASP Bccxi4fo

This document provides an overview of SQL syntax and statements. It explains what a database table is and gives an example. It also describes the SELECT statement and distinguishes between DML and DDL SQL statements.

Uploaded by

mani_588
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQLBasic
SQLHOME SQLIntro SQLSyntax SQLSelect SQLDistinct SQLWhere SQLAnd&Or SQLOrderBy SQLInsert SQLUpdate SQLDelete

SQLSyntax
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DatabaseTables
Adatabasemostoftencontainsoneormoretables.Eachtableisidentifiedbyaname(e.g. "Customers"or"Orders").Tablescontainrecords(rows)withdata. Belowisanexampleofatablecalled"Persons": P_Id 1 2 3 LastName Hansen Svendson Pettersen FirstName Ola Tove Kari Address Timoteivn10 Borgvn23 Storgt20 City Sandnes Sandnes Stavanger

SQLDemo
SQLTryIt

SQLAdvanced
SQLTop SQLLike SQLWildcards SQLIn SQLBetween SQLAlias SQLJoins SQLInnerJoin SQLLeftJoin SQLRightJoin SQLFullJoin SQLUnion SQLSelectInto SQLCreateDB SQLCreateTable SQLConstraints SQLNotNull SQLUnique SQLPrimaryKey SQLForeignKey SQLCheck SQLDefault SQLCreateIndex SQLDrop SQLAlter SQLIncrement SQLViews SQLDates SQLNulls SQLisnull() SQLDataTypes

Thetableabovecontainsthreerecords(oneforeachperson)andfivecolumns(P_Id,LastName, FirstName,Address,andCity).

SQLStatements
MostoftheactionsyouneedtoperformonadatabasearedonewithSQLstatements. ThefollowingSQLstatementwillselectalltherecordsinthe"Persons"table:

SELECT*FROMPersons

InthistutorialwewillteachyouallaboutthedifferentSQLstatements.

KeepinMindThat...
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SQLisnotcasesensitive

SQLFunctions
SQLFunctions SQLavg() SQLcount() SQLfirst() SQLlast() SQLmax() SQLmin() SQLsum() SQLGroupBy SQLHaving SQLucase() SQLlcase() SQLmid() SQLlen() SQLround() SQLnow() SQLformat() SQLQuickRef SQLHosting SQLSummary

SemicolonafterSQLStatements?
SomedatabasesystemsrequireasemicolonattheendofeachSQLstatement. SemicolonisthestandardwaytoseparateeachSQLstatementindatabasesystemsthatallow morethanoneSQLstatementtobeexecutedinthesamecalltotheserver. WeareusingMSAccessandSQLServer2000andwedonothavetoputasemicolonaftereach SQLstatement,butsomedatabaseprogramsforceyoutouseit.

SQLDMLandDDL
SQLcanbedividedintotwoparts:TheDataManipulationLanguage(DML)andtheDataDefinition Language(DDL). ThequeryandupdatecommandsformtheDMLpartofSQL:
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SQLQuiz
SQLQuiz

SELECT extractsdatafromadatabase UPDATE updatesdatainadatabase DELETE deletesdatafromadatabase INSERTINTO insertsnewdataintoadatabase

TheDDLpartofSQLpermitsdatabasetablestobecreatedordeleted.Italsodefineindexes(keys), specifylinksbetweentables,andimposeconstraintsbetweentables. ThemostimportantDDL statementsinSQLare:


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CREATEDATABASE createsanewdatabase ALTERDATABASE modifiesadatabase CREATETABLE createsanewtable ALTERTABLE modifiesatable

INSERTINTO insertsnewdataintoadatabase

TheDDLpartofSQLpermitsdatabasetablestobecreatedordeleted.Italsodefineindexes(keys), specifylinksbetweentables,andimposeconstraintsbetweentables. ThemostimportantDDL statementsinSQLare:


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CREATEDATABASE createsanewdatabase ALTERDATABASE modifiesadatabase CREATETABLE createsanewtable ALTERTABLE modifiesatable DROPTABLE deletesatable CREATEINDEX createsanindex(searchkey) DROPINDEX deletesanindex

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