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What A Generator Looks Like

Generator protection is important to protect the generator from both internal faults and external abnormal conditions on the power grid. Various relays and devices are used to detect issues and automatically trip the generator if needed to prevent damage. Differential protection compares generator currents on both sides and can reliably detect phase-to-phase faults in the stator winding, as an internal fault will cause the currents to no longer be equal, triggering the protection.

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Rahul Sinha
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46 views7 pages

What A Generator Looks Like

Generator protection is important to protect the generator from both internal faults and external abnormal conditions on the power grid. Various relays and devices are used to detect issues and automatically trip the generator if needed to prevent damage. Differential protection compares generator currents on both sides and can reliably detect phase-to-phase faults in the stator winding, as an internal fault will cause the currents to no longer be equal, triggering the protection.

Uploaded by

Rahul Sinha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What a Generator looks like

Generator Protection

Generator Protection

GENERATOR PROTECTION
System Ground Stator Ground
Exciter

G
Stator Phase

The "Wild" Power System

System Phase

INTRODUCTION
Generator is the electrical end of a turbo-generator set. Without Generator, turbine/boiler/any Power Plant Equipment is meaningless. Generator is the most precious/valuable equipment in PP which actually converts the mechanical energy of turbine into electricity. So, Generator should be protected from faults occurring within generator and also from external faults/abnormal operating condition in the GRID which affects the generator. Various relays/devices are used to detect the abnormalities in operations and whenever fault conditions appear, they can give warning alarms to the operators or trip the unit automatically. Generally automatic tripping are provided if the time for operator to take corrective action is less or the fault is likely to cause serious damage to the unit.

Following is a descriptive list of internal faults and abnormal operating conditions. 1. Internal Faults a. Phase and /or ground faults in the stator and associated protection zone b. Ground faults in the rotor (field winding) 2. Abnormal Operating Conditions. a. Loss of field. b. Overload. c. Overvoltage. d. Under and over frequency e. Unbalanced Operation e.g. single phasing. f. Loss motoring i.e. loss of prime mover. g. Loss of synchronization (out of step). h. Subsynchronous oscillation.
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DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
Differential protection is very reliable method for stator winding phase to phase fault. In this, currents on both sides of the generator are compared. Under normal condition or for a fault outside of the protected zone, current i1s is equal to current i2s. Therefore, the currents in the CTs secondaries are also equal, i1s=i2s and no current flows through the current relays. If a fault develops inside of the protected zone, current i1s and i2s are no longer equal, therefore i1s and i2s are not equal and therefore a current flowing in the current relay.

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