Mechanical Smoke Ventilation Calculations For typical offices floors

Mechanical Ventilation system for typical offices floors # Assumptions:Fire Area = 3x3 = Smoke Plume High (Y) = Total height (H) = Smoke layer thickness (db) = H - Y = Floor Area = # Determining the heat release

9 2.5 3.5 1 1050

sq.m M M M sq.m

Q = q x A (1)
where q = 93 KW/sq.M Refference :- BS7436 tables with aid of NFBA 204M tables . From equation (1) Qs = 837 kw # Determining smoke mass flow rate Ms Ms = 0.188 PY 3/2 (2) where P = Fire Perimeter = Y = Clear height of smoke plume = From equation (2) Ms = 0.188 x12 x 2.53/2 Ms = 8.9 kg/s. # Determining plume temperature rise : Qs dT = .(3) Ms x Cps dT = 93 K And Ts = To + DT .(4) Where : Ts = Smoke temp. To =Ambient temp. = 303 K Ts = 396 K

12 M 2.5 M

# Determining the required air flow rate : V = Ms Ts To ps .(5)

Where :V = Required air volumetric flow rate ps = Smoke density = 1.2 Kg/m3 V =
3 9.7 M /Sec.

20,584

CFM

~~=

21,000

CFM

# Determining duct size and fan static pressure :V = A X v .(8) Where v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = OR. v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = A = duct cross sec. Area V = desired air velocity in the duct =
2 A = 1.62 M Static pressure ( in.wg) = 0.5 + duct friction loss where duct friction loss = 0.5 in.wg Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

21,000 cfm 3 9.7 M /Sec. 6 M/Sec.

Conclusion :
System Description : Exhaust Smoke Fans : Nunmers: 2 Nos. Fans/Zone Capacity: 10,500 cfm (each) Type : Tubilar ducted Location : Roof Top Duct Size Duct Size = = 7.00 Sq.ft 0.65 Sq.M = = 60" X 22" 152 X 56 CM

Fresh Air Fans: Fresh Air Fans capacity shall be same as exhaust air capacity . Fresh Air properties shall be : Nunmers: 2 No. Fan Capacity: 10,500 cfm Type : Tubilar ducted Location : Roof Top Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

GENERAL - All fans used in smoke management and exhaust system ( exhaust and fresh air fans ) shall be capable to withstand 200 oC temp.for 30 min. - All fans shall be interconnected with fire allarm panel for automatic operation also, shall be provided with ON /OFF switch near enterances for manual operation by occupants.

Mechanical Smoke Ventilation Calculations For Basement Floor ( Store)

Mechanical Ventilation system for basement floor # Assumptions:Fire Area = 3x3 = Smoke Plume High (Y) = Total height (H) = Smoke layer thickness (db) = H - Y = Floor Area = # Determining the heat release

9 2.5 3.5 1 1050

sq.m M M M sq.m

Q = q x A (1)
where q = 390 KW/sq.M Refference :- BS7436 tables with aid of NFBA 204M tables . From equation (1) Qs = 3510 kw # Determining smoke mass flow rate Ms Ms = 0.188 PY 3/2 (2) where P = Fire Perimeter = Y = Clear height of smoke plume = From equation (2) Ms = 0.188 x12 x 2.53/2 Ms = 8.9 kg/s. # Determining plume temperature rise : Qs dT = .(3) Ms x Cps dT = 390 K And Ts = To + DT .(4) Where : Ts = Smoke temp. To =Ambient temp. = 303 K Ts = 693 K

12 M 2.5 M

# Determining the required air flow rate : V = Ms Ts To ps .(5)

Where :V = Required air volumetric flow rate ps = Smoke density = 1.2 Kg/m3 V = =
3 17.0 M /Sec.

36,014

CFM

~~=

37,000

CFM

# Determining duct size and fan static pressure :V = A X v .(8) Where v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = OR. v = volumetric flow rate for one fan = A = duct cross sec. Area V = desired air velocity in the duct =
2 A = 2.83 M Static pressure ( in.wg) = 0.5 + duct friction loss where duct friction loss = 0.5 in.wg Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

37,000 cfm 3 17.0 M /Sec. 6 M/Sec.

Conclusion :
System Description : Exhaust Smoke Fans : Nunmers: 2 Nos. Fans/Zone Capacity: 18,500 cfm (each) Type : Tubilar ducted Location : Roof Top Duct Size Duct Size = = 12.33 Sq.ft 1.15 Sq.M = = 60" X 22" 152 X 56 CM

# Determining fresh air intake area : No. of entrances and doors = Average door size (m) = = Total fresh air intake area = V = AX v .(8)

2 2.2 4.4 8.8

doors (width) , m2 m2

2 (height)

Where V = The required fresh air supply = 6 CFM 3 = - M /Sec. Assuming average air velocity through doors to be 2m/s ( to allow door opening for occupants evacuation ) m2 A= The required area is less than doors and enterance areas SO, Enterance area is sufficient as fresh air supply openings . Fresh Air Fans: Fresh Air Fans capacity shall be half of exhaust air capacity depending on the doors and park ramp opening to deliver adequate fresh air amount for the other half of the floor area . Fresh Air properties shall be : Nunmers: 2 No. Fan Capacity: 10,500 cfm Type : Tubilar ducted Location : Roof Top Total Static pressure ( in.wg) = 1 in.wg.

GENERAL - All fans used in smoke management and exhaust system ( exhaust and fresh air fans ) shall be capable to withstand 200 oC temp.for 30 min. - All fans shall be interconnected with fire allarm panel for automatic operation also, shall be provided with ON /OFF switch near enterances for manual operation by occupants.

Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators .

No. Of Stops No. Of elevators = = Gr. + 2 Nos. 2 (Gr.) + 30 (Typical Floors) = 32 Doors 14 Floors + Service Floor = 16 Floors

No. Of Elev.Doors =

Door Size :W = 0.8 M H = 2.0 m Qe Ae = = KAe (P)1/2 0.003 x ( ( 2.0 + 0.8 ) x 2 ) + 2.0 x 32 = 0.73

Where :

K = 0.839 P = 50 Pascal.

Qe = 0.839 x Ae x (50)1/2
Qe = 4.3 M /Sec.
3

152.8

CFM

In Case One Door Opened : Where :A = Door Area

0.73

M2

Mechanical Ventilation Calculations For Car Park ( Basement )

1-Mechanical Ventilation system Location Floor Area Floor Hiegh Floor Volume : : : =

8000 Sq.M 2.8 M 22400 Cu.M = = = = 4 times 89600 Cu.M 3166078 Cu.Ft 52767.96 cfm <=> 52800 cfm

No. of air change per hour Total air volume

Total flow rate (cfm) Fan selection Fan Capacity No. of fans = =

13200 cfm 4 nos. fans

CONCLUSION System Discription : Exhaust Smoke Fans : Nunmers: 4 Nos. Fans Capacity: 13,200 cfm (each) Type : Tubilar ducted Location : .

Mechanical Smoke Ventilation Calculations For

Mechanical Ventilation system for Mf = 0.58 p Q g L2 p Cp T0 1/3 2 + 1+ 0.22 Z +2 L

WHERE :Q p Cp g T0 L = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Heat Flux = 5000 KW FOR Shoping Araes Density of smoke 1.2 Kg/m3 Specific Heat 1.01 Kj/KgK Gravity Accel. 9.81m/sec2 Abs.Temp - Amb.Temp. 303 K Length of void edge past which gases spill Width of void 3m Hight of rise of thermal plume above void edge H - d2 = 4.0 - 0.8 3.2 m Emprical hight of virtual source below void edge 0.3 H = 0.3 x 4 1.2 m

THEN :-

Mf

0.58 p

Q g L2 p Cp T0

1/3

2 +

1.2

1+

0.22

Z + 2 1.2 3

Mf

5193.05

2/3

2/3

Stair Case Pressurization For Internal Stairs . No. Of Floors = Gr. + 6 Floors + Service Floor = 8 Floors

No. Of Doors

1 (Gr.)

6 Typical Floors + Service Floor=

8 Doors

Door Size :W = 0.8 M H = 2.0 m Qe = KAe (P)1/2

Where : Ae = 0.003

2.0

0.8

2.0 x

8=

0.18

K = 0.839 P = 50 Pascal. Qe = 0.839 x Ae x (50)1/2 Qe = 11.9 M3/Sec. = 418.8 CFM

In Case One Door Opened : Where :A = Door Area V = Air Velocity = 0.75 m/sec. Af = Area Factor = 0.6 Qo = VA Af = = 0.75 x 0.6 CFM 2.0 x 0.8 = 2.00 M3/Sec.

4236

Conclusion : System Description : Left Well Pressurization fan For elevators . 1 Qty. : Nos. Fan/stair case 4,300 cfm (each) Capacity : Type : Tube Axial Fan Location : stair case Roof

1-

Provide one no. fresh air pressurized fan located on each stair case roof 4,300 CFM & of 1.5 In.wg. Provide deffrential pressure sensor at the midlle way of stair case high and interface with fan control panel .

2-

0.18

M2

MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT.

CAR PARKING VENTELATION CALCULATION *

DESCRIPTION
NUMBER OF CARS HIGHT,H AREA OF PARKING,A AREA OF PARKING,AF TIME OF CAR OPERATION, MAX CO2 LEVEL REQUIRED OPERATION CARS AT PEAK NUMBER OF OPERATION CARS AT PEAK, N EMISSION RATE , E GENERATION RATE G NORMALIZE VALUE OF GENERATION RATE ,GO F C VENTELATION RATE REQUIRED AIR CHANGE /HR AIR FLOW RATE STATIC PRESSURE

VALUE
64.00 10.00 3700.00 39826.80 120.00 25.00 40.00 25.60 700.00 0.45 2.48 18.14 0.0001363 0.30 1.78 11819 2.00

FAN POWER

7.88

* 1999 ASHRAE Application-A 12 Page ( 12.9 )

H:\MECHANICAL DEPT\05-08-1--- AL FAYHA\FAIHAA BASEMENT& GF\AR-02A_02B_02C BASEMENT FLR PLAN.dwg D:\MECH\ABD ELRAHIM\CURRENT PROJECTS-2008\05-08-1--- AL FAYHA\MECH\MECH-06

DATE : 6 JUNE 2008 PROJECT : xxxx HOSP.

ALCULATION *
UNIT
CAR FT M FT SEC PPM % CAR GAL/HR g/hr.ft g/hr.ft CFM/FT-S CFM/FT ACH CFM IN" W

I/O
INPUT INPUT INPUT OUTPUT RECOMMENDED RECOMMENDED RECOMMENDED OUTPUT AVERAGE OUTPUT RECOMMENDED OUTPUT RECOMMENDED OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT INPUT

HP

OUTPUT

CALCULATED BY : ENG / M.ABD EL RAHIM

B_02C BASEMENT FLR PLAN.dwg

VEVTILATION CALCULATION FOR THE TRANSFORMER ROOM PROJECT :

1-

2-

ASSUMPTION - Ambient Temperature - Max. Allowed Temp. Rise - Sub- Station Ref. No. - Number Of Transformers - Transformer Rateing - Number Of Transformers - Transformer Rateing - Power Factor - Transformer Eff. CALCULATION Heat Loss / Transformer =( 1x 1000 + = 16 KW = 16000 Watt

= = = = = = = =

115 10.8 1 1 1000 0 1000 0.8 0.98

F F Nos. KVA Nos. KVA

0x

1000 )x

0.8 x

(1 -

0.98 )

Total Heat Dissipation = = 16000 = 54608 = 1.08 x CFM = 1.08 x CFM

3.413 Btu/hr x Temp. Rise x 10.8

Air Quantity Required for ventilation Then :The Air Quantity = 4,682 CFM

VENTILATION SYSTEM DISCRIPTION Number of fans Fan Capacity / Each Fan rating KW/Each Fan st. Pressure = = = = 1 4,682 = 1.11 1

CFM KW IN.WG

GENERATOR ROOM VENTILATION CALCULATION Diesel Generator capacity = 750 KVA H SH + Engine Combustion Air

Ventilating air (cu.m/min.) =

Dt

Where := = = = = SH = = dT= = ECA = = H H V D Total Heat Radiation in (KW) (for engine + generator) 125.5 KW (Ref. To specs. Sheet) Ventilating air (cu.m/min.) Density of air (kg/m3) 1.07 At 54 deg. C Specific heat of air ( kw.min/Kg.C) 0.017 Temp. Rise inside engine room ( deg.C) 10 deg.C Engine Combustion Air (Exhaust gas flow ) 120 cu.m/min (Ref. To specs. Sheet) 7,182 cu.m/hr. = = = 17.6 cu.m/sec. 1056 cu.m/min 37,256 cu.ft/min. (Ref. To specs. Sheet)

Radiator fan air flow

THEN :Ventilating air (V) = 125.5 0.017 x + 120

1.07

10

V = V =

810

cu.m/min

28,564 cu.ft/min.

INTAKE LOUVER SIZE Consider Air Velocity Total Air Quantity Louver Area = = = 1000 28,564 29 2.7 ft/min. cu.ft/min. Sq.ft Sq.m

Important Notes :1- clean , cool , dry air circulates around the switchgear , flows through the rear of the generator , across the engine , and discharges through the radiator 2- Cool air shoul always be available for the engine air cleaner (air filter ). 3- For best ventilation results , air should flow first across the generator then to both sides of the engine . 4- Inlets located at the end of the room will provide adequate ventilation only to the engine nearast the inlet. 5- Air flow restriction should be 0.5 inch W.G

he generator , across

h sides of the engine . engine nearast the