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Sample Problems

This document provides examples of calculating percentages by mass and by volume. It shows how to calculate the percentage of components in a solution given the masses of each component. It also demonstrates calculating the percentage by volume of components in a solution and calculating the volume of a component given the total volume and percentage by volume. The percentages are calculated by taking the mass or volume of the component divided by the total mass or volume and multiplying by 100.

Uploaded by

Vanessa Bernardino
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
572 views

Sample Problems

This document provides examples of calculating percentages by mass and by volume. It shows how to calculate the percentage of components in a solution given the masses of each component. It also demonstrates calculating the percentage by volume of components in a solution and calculating the volume of a component given the total volume and percentage by volume. The percentages are calculated by taking the mass or volume of the component divided by the total mass or volume and multiplying by 100.

Uploaded by

Vanessa Bernardino
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Percentage by Mass And Percentage by Volume

Sample Problems

Percentage by Mass
Compute for the concentration of the components of a sweet and sour solution containing 15 g sugar and 60 g vinegar, and 225 g water in % by mass.
Given: Mass of sugar = 15 g mass of the solution Mass of vinegar = 60 g 15g + 60g + 225g = 300g Mass of water = 225

Percentage by Mass
(a)

% by mass of sugar

mass of sugar x 100 mass of the solution 15 g x 100 300 g


=5%

(b) % by mass of vinegar

mass of vinegar x 100 mass of the solution 60 g x 100 300 g


=20%

Percentage by Mass
(c) % by mass of water
mass of w ater x 100 mass of the solution 225 g x 100 300 g
=75%

Percentage by Mass
An aqueous solution in the laboratory is labeled 5% sodium hydroxide, NaOH, by mass. If the solution weighs 150g, how many grams of pure NaOH are contained in the solution?
Given: Mass of the solution = 150 g % by mass of NaOH = 5%

Percentage by Mass
% by mass NaOH

mass of NaOH x 100 mass of the solution let x the mass of NaOH then, x % by mass NaOH x100 mass of the solution x 5% x100 150 g (5)(150g) ( x)(100) (5)(150g) x 100

=7.5 g

Percentage by Volume
A vinegar solution contains 10 cm3 of acetic acid (C2H4O2) and 190 cm3 of water (H2O). Find the % by volume composition of the vinegar solution.
Given: Volume of C2H4O2 = 10 cm3 Volume of water = 190 cm3 Volume of the solution = 10 cm3 + 190 cm3 = 200 cm3

Percentage by Volume

volume of of C2H4O2 x 100 (a) % by volume of the solution volume of 10 c m3 x 100 C2H4O2 200 c m3
5%

(b) % by volume of water

volume of w ater x 100 volume of the solution 190 cm3 x 100 200 cm3
95%

Percentage by Volume
How many liters of ammonia, (NH3), are contained in 600 L of a solution that is 8% ammonia by volume?
Given: Volume of the solution = 600 L % by volume = 8%

Percentage by Volume
How many liters of ammonia, (NH3), are contained in 600 L of a solution that is 8% ammonia by volume?
Given: Volume of the solution = 600 L % by volume = 8%

Percentage by Volume
% by volume of ammonia

vol. of ammonia x 100 vol. of the solution let x the volume of ammonia then, x % by volumeof ammonia x100 vol. solution x 8% x100 5 600 L (100)(x) (8)(600 L) (8)(600L) x 100
x=48 L

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