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Math Biostatistics Boot Camp 1

This document contains a 10 question quiz on mathematical biostatistics concepts. The questions cover topics like probability, distributions, percentiles, and defining valid probability mass functions. For each question, the document provides the multiple choice answers and the mathematical solution/working to identify the correct answer.

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Jerry Taylor
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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5K views6 pages

Math Biostatistics Boot Camp 1

This document contains a 10 question quiz on mathematical biostatistics concepts. The questions cover topics like probability, distributions, percentiles, and defining valid probability mass functions. For each question, the document provides the multiple choice answers and the mathematical solution/working to identify the correct answer.

Uploaded by

Jerry Taylor
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Mathematical Biostatistics Boot Camp 1 1. (1 point) What is P (A B ) always equal to?

Quiz

Week 1

a. 1 P (A

BC )

b. 1 P (AC B C ) c. 1 P (AC )P (B C ) d. P (AC B C ) 1.

a.

Solution:
P (A B ) = 1 P (A B )C = 1 P (AC B C )

2. (1 point) Which of the following are always true about P (

It is smaller than or equal to


It is equal to P (Ei ). It is smaller than maxi P (Ei ).
n i=1

n i=1

P (Ei )

n i=1

Ei )? (Check all that apply.)

It is smaller than mini P (Ei ).

It is larger than or equal to min P (E ). It is larger than or equal to max P (E ).


i i i i

3. (1 point) Consider inuenza epidemics for two parent heterosexual families. Suppose that the probability is 17% that at least one of the parents has contracted the disease. The probability that the father has contracted inuenza is 12% while the probability that both the mother and father have contracted the disease is 6%. What is the probability that the mother has contracted inuenza? a. 12% b. 6% c. 5% d. 25%

e. 11%
f. 17%

3.

e.

Let's have following events: A : father has the u, and B : mother has the u We know the following: P (A B ) = 0.17, P (A) = 0.12, and P (A B ) = 0.06. From the following formula:
P (A B ) = P (A) + P (B ) P (A B )

Solution:

we can derive:
P (B ) = P (A B ) + P (A B ) P (A) = 0.17 + 0.06 0.12 = 0.11

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4. (1 point) A random variable, X is uniform, so that it's density is f (x) = 1 for 0 x 1. What is it's 75th percentile? Express your answer to two decimal places. a. 0.25 b. 0.50 d. 0.10 e. 0.90

c. 0.75

4.

c.

Solution:
F ( x) =

The cumulative distribution function for f (x) is:


x x

f (t) dt =
0 0

1 dt = [t]0 = x 0 = x

We want to nd value of x75 such that F (x75 ) = 0.75. We know that F (x75 ) = x75 , so x75 = 0.75. 5. (1 point) A Pareto density is for 1 < x < ? 1 a. x 1
1 x2

for 1 < x < . What is the distribution function associated with this density

b. 1
c. 1 1 d. x 3 1 e. x

1 x 1 x3

5.

b.

Solution:
F ( x) =
1

1 1 dt = t2 t

=
1

1 t

=
x

1 1 1 =1 1 x x

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6. (1 point) a. b. c. d.

What is the quantile p from the density ex (1 + ex )2 ?


log ((1 p) /p) p/ (1 p) (1 p) /p 1/ (1 + ex )

e. log (p/ (1 p))


6.

e.

Solution:
F ( x) =

First, we need to nd cumulative distribution function:


x

e t (1 + et )
2

dt,

using substitution u(t) = 1 + et and du = et dt we get:


u(x)

F (x) =
u()

1 du = u2

1+ex

1 1 du = u2 u

1+ex

1 e x e x ex = = 1 + e x ex (ex + 1) ex + 1

Now we want to nd a value of xp such that F (xp ) = p.


F ( xp ) = p exp =p exp + 1 exp = p (exp + 1) exp = pexp + p exp pexp = p exp (1 p) = p exp = p 1p p 1p

xp = log

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7. (1 point) of c? a. b. c. d. e. f.

Suppose that a density is of the form cxk for some constant c > 1 and 0 < x < 1. What is the value
k+2
1 k

2
1 k+1

g.

k1 k k+1

7.

g.

Solution:
1 0

xk+1 cx dx = c k+1
k

=
0

c xk+1 k+1

1 0

c c (1 0) = must be equal to 1, so: k+1 k+1

c = 1 c = k + 1. k+1

8. (1 point) Suppose that the time in days until hospital discharge for a certain patient population follows a x/2 density f (x) = 1 for x > 0. What is the median discharge time in days? 2e a. 1.0

b. 1.4
c. 1.8 d. 2.2 e. 2.6

8.

b.

Solution:
F ( x) =

First, we need to nd cumulative distribution function F (x):


x 0 1 t/2 e dt = et/2 = et/2 = e0 ex/2 = 1 ex/2 0 x 0 2 Now we need to nd the value of x50 such that F (x50 ) = 0.5: x

F (x50 ) = 0.5 1 ex50 /2 = 0.5 ex50 /2 = 0.5 x50 /2 = log x50 /2 = log x50 /2 = log (2) x50 = 2 log (2) 1.386 1 2 1 2

R code:

qexp ( 0 . 5 , 1 / 2)
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9. (1 point) Consider the density given by 2xex for x > 0. What is the median? a. 1.03
2

b. 0.83
c. 0.79 d. 0.24 e. 0.15

9.

b.

Solution:
F ( x) =

First, we need to nd cumulative distribution function F (x):


x 0

2tet dt,

using substitution u(t) = t2 and du = 2tdt we get:


u(x) x2

F ( x) =
u(0)

e du =
0

eu du = [eu ]x2 = e0 ex = 1 ex

Median is the value of x50 such that F (x50 ) = 0.5.


F (x50 ) = 0.5 1 ex50 = 0.5 ex50 = 0.5 x 2 50 = log 1 2
2 2

x2 50 = log (2) x50 = log (2) 0.833

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10. (1 point) Suppose h(x) is such that 0 < h(x) < for x = 1, 2, . . . , I . Then c h(x) is a valid PMF (probability mass function) when c is equal to what? a. b.
1 1+
I x=1 I x=1

h(x)
1

h(x) h(x)

c.

I x=1

d. h(I ) 10.

c.
x

Solution:

We know that 0 < c h(x) < . The second condition to function to be a valid PMF is, that
I

c h(x) = 1.

c h(x) = 1
x=1 I

c
x=1

h(x) = 1
I 1

c=
x=1

h(x)

Question: Points: Score:

1 1

2 1

3 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 1

8 1

9 1

10 1

Total 10

Page 6 of 6

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