NON-EQUATORIAL OTEC APPLICATIONS WILLIAM H.
KUMM PRESIDENT, AEL
April 27, 2005 ENERGY OCEAN CONFERENCE
Washington Convention Center, D.C.
Pg.6-3
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY MAY 2001, Pg. 6-3 ENDING THE ENERGY STALEMATE DEC 2004,
Pg. 65
AND THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY,
ARE ALL, SURPRISINGLY, USING VERY NARROW MINDED THINKING, BECAUSE:
THE CONUS HAS AN OCEAN ON THREE SIDES, AND THE SUN SHINES ON THESE OCEANS AS WELL.
DONT DO THIS, DO OTEC INSTEAD
AT-SEA OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION (OTEC) PLANT-SHIPS CAN UNIQUELY CAPTURE SOLAR ENERGY 24 HOURS PER DAY
ON-LAND SOLAR CAPTURE IS ONLY 33% EFFICIENT (8/24 HOURS)
CONSIDER SOUTHERN CALIFORNIAS NEEDS LARGE INCREASES IN CLEAN AIR ELECTRICITY LARGE INCREASES IN POTABLE WATER BY DESALINATION
SATISFYING CA NEEDS:
HYDROGEN IS THE CLEANEST FUEL FOR BOTH ELECTRIC UTILITIES & AUTOMOBILES AT-SEA OTEC DESALINATED WATER, PLUS HYDROGEN FUEL (SHIPPED AS AMMONIA BY TANKERS), HAVE NO COASTAL ZONE IMPACTS
A 1 9 8 0 S T U D Y
TURBINE GENERATOR
NH3
POWER TO BALANCE OF PLANT AND ELECTROLYZER
CHARGE
NH3 EVAPORATOR
DISCHARGE
CONDENSER
NH3
CLOSED-CYCLE OTEC POWER MODULE
WARM SEAWATER
STAGE 1
STAGE 2
STAGE 3
STAGE 4
COLD SEAWATER
Schematic Flow Diagram for a Hybrid-Cycle At-Sea OTEC Water Plant
Per T. Rabas, C. Panchal and L. Genens, Argonne National Laboratory, DOE, 1991
MULTISTAGE FLASH EVAPORATOR
PRODUCT WATER
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
AT-SEA GRAZING PLANTSHIP ROUTE-FLEXIBLE PRODUCT TANKER LANDSIDE OPERATION
PLANTSHIP (PS) OPERATIONS PS CREW ROTATION
II
P S & TANKER CREW ROTATIONS
PRODUCT TANKER OPERATIONS
II
SYSTEM CREW OPERATIONS
Warm Surface Water kWh OTEC CLOSED LOOP POWER PLANT kWh kWh WARM SURFACE WATER kWh PUMP COLD DEEP WATER PUMP COLD WATER PIPE (CWP) Deep Cold Water
NITROSELF POWER & kWh GEN FIX FROM HOTEL ATMOS. LOADS Cooling ELECTROLYZER N2
SELF PROP. POWER PLANT Boil-Off Heat $ Income (UNLOAD PUMP) UNLOAD TERM.
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
H2 O2
AMMONIA SYNTH. & NH 3 CRYO. TANKS
II
LOAD & UNLOAD PUMP
PRODUCT CRYOGEN. TANKS
II
PIPE $ Income
ELECT. UTILITY & DISTRIB. kWh WATER DISTRIB. AGENCY
Heat STAGED FLASH EVAPORATOR Brine
FR. WATER STORAGE H2O TANKS
II
LOAD & UNLOAD PUMP
FRESH WATER TANKS
(UNLOAD PUMP)
II
UNLOAD TERM.
PIPE Potable Water
042205 AEL
OTEC PLANT SHIPS ARE TSUNAMI WAVE IMPERVIOUS. COASTLINE FACILITEES ARE NOT.
AN ENERGY COMMODITY IN TRANSIT TO CONUS MARKETS
At - 258C
CAPITAL INVESTMENT $/DWT OR OPERATING COST $/DWT DELIVERED
CRYOGENIC BULK TRANSPORT
NON-CRYO. TRANSPORT
At - 95C
At - 33C
At +15C
L [H2]
L [CH4] or LNG
L [NH3]
L [H2O] or WATER
TYPE OF SHIP / COMMODITY DELIVERED
ENERGY MACRO-ECONOMIC COMPARISON
1. LNG IMPORTS
FOREIGN SOURCE FOREIGN SHIPS FOREIGN CREWS FLAG-OF-CONVENIENCE REGISTRY
MANY NEGATIVES
FEW CONUS JOBS $ BALANCE OF PAYMENTS STRATEGIC DEPENDENCE NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
2. OTEC SYSTEMS
DOMESTIC SOURCE DOMESTIC SHIPS DOMESTIC CREWS LIMITLESS CAPACITY NH3 COMMERCE IS ROUTINE 2NH3 + Heat N2 + 3H2
MANY POSITIVES
RENEWABLE - SOLAR DRIVEN US SHIPYARDS JONES ACT SHIPS HYDROGEN ECONOMY BULK TRANSPORT MULTIPLE CARGOES H2O, NH3 & O2 BACKS OUT FOREIGN CRUDE & LNG PROMOTES ENERGY INDEPENDENCE
INCLUDING HYDROGEN TRANSPORT AS AMMONIA
AT-SEA SOLARDRIVEN OCEAN DESALINATION AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
2005
THE H2TEC
SYSTEM
A TEAM OF COMPANIES LED BY ARCTIC ENERGIES LTD. 511 HEAVITREE LANE, SEVERNA PARK, MD 21146-1010, TEL 410 987 5454, FAX 410 987 7549 [email protected]
