Intrototheperiodictablepre Ap

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Intro to the Periodic Table

History of the Periodic


Table
 By the 1860s, many elements were known, but the
info. was not organized.
 A Russian chemist, Dimitri Mendeleyev arranged the
60 known elements at that time into the first periodic
table.
 Order was based on atomic mass.
 He grouped elements similarities causing his periodic table
to show repeating patterns. Periodic=repeating patterns.
 Periodic Table had gaps, Mendeleyev was able
to predict the properties of the “missing,” yet-
to-be-discovered elements by analyzing the
nearest known elements in the table.
 Since Mendeleyev devised the periodic table,
other elements have been discovered by
scientists.
History of the Periodic
Table (cont’d)
• In 1911, Henry Moseley discovered that
a better periodic table could be made
using atomic numbers as its basis.
Elements with similar properties are in the
same group (column).
• The Periodic Law is the basis for the
periodic table: Physical & chemical
properties of elements are periodic
functions of their atomic numbers.
The Periodic Table
Elements &The Periodic Table:
 Family Names:
• Alkali Metals (Group 1)
• Alkaline-earth Metals (Group 2)
 Both are Alkali and Alkaline are very reactive, but Alkali Metals
are more reactive.
• Transition Metals (Groups 3-12).
 d-block elements act like typical metals (conduct, ductile,
malleable)
• Group 17 is the Halogen Family
 most reactive nonmetals.
• Noble Gases (Group 18)
 Most unreactive elements due to having a full electron shell.
• Lanthanides & Actinides
 f-block elements (bottom of table).
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
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