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IT - Key Concepts Must For All

1) Computers are electronic machines that accept data and instructions from users and return processed information. 2) The computation process involves inputting raw data, processing it, and outputting processed information. 3) Information technology is the study, design, development, implementation, support and management of computer hardware and software systems. IT deals with using computers and software to store, protect, process and retrieve information.

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Dinesh Raghavendra
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27 views21 pages

IT - Key Concepts Must For All

1) Computers are electronic machines that accept data and instructions from users and return processed information. 2) The computation process involves inputting raw data, processing it, and outputting processed information. 3) Information technology is the study, design, development, implementation, support and management of computer hardware and software systems. IT deals with using computers and software to store, protect, process and retrieve information.

Uploaded by

Dinesh Raghavendra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Technology

Key Concepts

Computer
The word Computer was derived from a word Compute which means calculate. Basically Computer can be considered as a calculating machine. Computer can be defined as Fast and accurate electronic machine that accepts data and instructions from the user, and returns the required information after processing it

Computation Process

INPUT
Data

PROCESS

OUTPUT
Information

Data : Raw collection of figures and facts

Information : Processed data

Information Technology
It is "the study, design, development, implementation, support and management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware." IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and securely retrieve information.

Computer System

Hardware Software User

Hardware
Includes all physical components. Ex. Monitor, keyboard, etc

Software
Set of Programs Program is set of instructions given to the computer to perform certain task.

Instruction is a explicit command given to the Computer

Types of Software
System : Required by the system itself for its working. Interacts with the hardware directly. Ex. Operating System Application : Has a specific user application. Interacts with the hardware with help of an Operating System. Ex. Tally

Software Licensing
Proprietary Off the shelf OEM Freeware Shareware Open Source Paper License SaaS

General Structure of a Computer System

Working of a Computer System On /Off States - 1 and 0 Numbers Binary Characters Coding Schemes Pictures Grid Overlays

Hardware
CPU Peripherals
Input Output Storage Examples : Input : Keyboard, Mouse, Barcode, RFID, OMR, OCR, MICR etc. Output : Monitors, Printers etc Types of Printers : Impact Dot Matrix Non Impact Laser, Inkjet

RFID

OMR

OCR

MICR

Memory / Storage
RAM ROM Cache Virtual Secondary storage devices : Harddisk, Floppies, CDs , Pendrives, Magnetic Tapes, DAT drives, SAN etc.

Memory measurement metrics : bit,byte,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB etc

Types of Computers
Analog, Digital Super, Mainframe, Micro,Workstation, PDAs, Tablets Racks, Blades etc

Emerging Hardware and Software Technologies


Network Computing Cloud Computing Virtualization SaaS

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