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This document contains two questions and their solutions regarding dynamic models of chemical processes. Question 1 asks to develop an unsteady-state model for a CSTR reactor that can be used to determine concentration and temperature over time. The solution provides a model with mass and energy balance equations. Question 2 asks to develop a model for two connected tanks, with inlet and outlet flows. The solution gives the mass balance equations for each tank and calculates the system degrees of freedom.

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Ariff Firdaus
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27 views3 pages

Tutorial Others

This document contains two questions and their solutions regarding dynamic models of chemical processes. Question 1 asks to develop an unsteady-state model for a CSTR reactor that can be used to determine concentration and temperature over time. The solution provides a model with mass and energy balance equations. Question 2 asks to develop a model for two connected tanks, with inlet and outlet flows. The solution gives the mass balance equations for each tank and calculates the system degrees of freedom.

Uploaded by

Ariff Firdaus
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial #2

Question#1:
Consider the CSTR shown below.

A cooling coil is used to maintain the reaction mixture at the desired operating temperature by removing the heat released in the exothermic reaction. Consider a simple liquid phase, irreversible chemical reaction takes place in the CSTR, to maintain the desired molar concentration of the product;

The reaction temperature should be controlled assuming uniform temperature of the coolant Tc and negligible heat of mixing. a) Develop an unsteady-state model that can be used to find CA and T. b) Calculate degree of freedom NF. Take any assumptions that simplify the model.

Solution:
2 parameters: V, 8 variables: V, T, CA , CAi , Ti , Fi , Tc 2 Outputs: CA, T 5 Inputs: F, Fi ,CAi ,Ti ,Tc Disturbances: F, CAi ,Ti ,Fi Manipulated variables: Tc ,Fi

Assumptions: 1. The CSTR is perfectly mixed 2. The liquid volume is constant. 3. Mass densities are constant. Model: Rate of reaction:

( Total mass balance: ( )

Component mass balance: ( ) ( ) ( )

Rate of heat transfer from reactor to coolant: ( Energy balance: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) )

Equations: 5 NF = 8 5 = 3

Question #2
Two tanks are connected together in the following manner; a regulatory valve v1 is attached to the outlet of tank 1 in order to maintain the height of the tank at h1; whereas the valve v2 is a full open/close valve. Cross sectional areas of the tanks: A1, A2 Linear resistance of the valves: R1 and R2 a. Develop a model for the above system that can be used to find the h1, h2, w2 and w3 as a function of time for any given variation in inputs. b. Calculate the degree of freedom. Also state the assumptions (if any).

Solution:
Assumptions: 4. The liquid volume is constant. 5. Mass densities are constant.

a) Model:
Tank#1: ( ( ) ) ( )

Tank #2: ( )

b) DOF
2 parameters: V, 4 variables: F1 , F3 , h1 , h2 , F2 1 Outputs: F3 1 Inputs: F1 Disturbances: F1 Manipulated variables: F2 Equations: 2 NF = 5 2 = 3

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