Project Management

Dr Martin Stanton E137 [email protected]

Assignment 2 Group Project

Yes I said GROUP project Max 5 per group
email me by 16.00 on Wednesday

You will use VB.NET You will use UML You can use Rational Rose/Visual Paradigm Apply basic principles of SAD and DB design

Assignment 2 Group Project

Hand in
Final set of deliverables
7th March 2008 Receipting Office

Demos
During Lab sessions From w/c 10/3/06 (Last week of term)

Assignment 2 Group Project

You will have at least two meeting with your Tutor
Held during lab sessions All Group members present These are ASSESSED

You will also be assessed on

Final Product Project Planning/Management
Produce your own group plan

YOUR contribution to the group work

Assignment 2 Management
You will have a team meeting each week (minimum) You will write notes on the meetings:
Problems encountered Decisions taken Effects of changes on project plan Updated plan

Do a risk assessment on the project

What can go wrong ? Look at every aspect of the project

Assignment 2 Problems
What can go wrong (incomplete)
During Development
VB too difficult Team members absent Cannot do it at home

Submission
Printer breaks down Team member disappears Demo doesnt work

Assignment 2 Process
Examine the requirements Decide on initial set of Use Cases Write Use Case Descriptions Decide on final set of Use Cases Divide up Use Cases between team members Generate Class Diagram for each Use Case Merge Class Diagrams Generate Database Design User Interface based on use Case Descriptions Link User Interface to Database Test User Interface against Use Cases (does it meet the requirements?) Evaluate Use Cases, Database, Application Modify System Document Changes and write final Specification of delivered product

Project Management
Dr Martin Stanton E137 [email protected]

Plan
Introduction Project planning
Gantt chart and WBS

Project planning
Resource analysis

Project planning
Network analysis I

Project planning
Network analysis II

Risk management Quality Budgets and cost control Project teams

Review

Book List
Hughes and Cotterell
Software Project Management

Cadle and Yeates

Project Management for Information Systems

Lockyer and Gordon

Project Management and Project Network Techniques

This Lecture
Introduction
What is a project? The project management process Project management information systems

A Project
A unique process, consisting of a set of coordinated and controlled activities with start and finish dates, undertaken to achieve an objective conforming to specific requirements including constraints of time, cost and resources

(Lockyer and Gordon, 1996)

A Project
Unique process Coordinated and controlled activities Start and finish dates To achieve an objective Specific requirements Constraints of time, cost and resources

Project Characteristics
Organisation is temporary Often forms part of a larger project Objectives and product characteristics may be defined and achieved progressively Result may be the creation of one or several units of a project Interrelation between activities may be complex

Project Characteristics
Project management is principally concerned with the management of change
(Lockyer & Gordon, 1996)

Change management in IS development Change management in organisations

Project Factors
Size of the project
Budget/costs, Size of team, Size of product

Complexity Industry in which it is carried out

Civil engineering Manufacturing IS/IT

Classifying Projects (Lock, 1996)

Civil Engineering
Realisation phase is outdoors, large capital = many contractors = communication headaches

Manufacturing Projects
Development of specialised hardware, physical design

Management Projects
Projects that do not result in a produced piece of hardware (including software projects?)

Research Projects
Include a higher element of risk (including software projects?)

Project Funding
Revenue projects
Carried out within the normal organisational structure Normally within a single accounting period

Capital projects
May extend over a number of accounting periods Occupy considerable time employ considerable capital Not carried out within the normal organisational structure
(Lockyer & Gordon, 1996)

Capital Projects
Cross functional and time boundaries
Cannot be accommodated within the normal running of an organisation A special organisational structure is set up the project team This structure usually only exists for the duration of the project

Organisation Structures
Hierarchical Matrix Project Management Structure

Hierarchical

http://www.slc.co.uk/noframe/corpinfo/orgchart.html

Large Corporation

http://www.baesystems.com/aboutus/ovdiagra.htm

Project Teams
Revenue Projects
Teams taken from within functions All report to function manager

Capital Projects
Teams taken from various functions Who do they report to?

Matrix Structure

Example 1 Car Manufacture

Manufacture of a production car
No Clear Finish Not unique for each product Standard Organisational Structure

The design, launch and initial production for a new car

Defined start/finish Unique for each product Temporary organisational structure

Example 2 A New Course

Existing Course Course Team
Course Leader Module Leaders Administrator Year Tutors New Course Working Group
Chair Committee Administrator

Team members may change but team still exists

Team set up for course development but then hands course over to course team.

Question
What are the defining characteristics of Software/Information Systems projects that make them different from other types of project? See Sommervilles Software Engineering for examples

All Projects Should Have:

Project plan Time frame Product specification Statement of required quality Budget Cost plan Identification of areas of uncertainty Risk evaluation and responses

Introduction
What is a project?

The project management process

Project management information systems

Process Overview
A project is broken down into stages Each stage in turn will be broken down into smaller and more manageable tasks It important to include planning as part of the project management process

Four Phase Model

Lockyer (1996) describes a four phase model of the project process
Conception - assess the feasibility of the project Development - prepare the project plan Realisation - carry out the plan Termination - close the project

Conception Reports On
The capability of the organisation to
Produce the product in the time required Support capital outlay Procure external items or services

Conception Development Realisation Termination

Conception Reports On
The acceptability of
Geographical requirements on procurement or ecology specified in the project enquiry Contract conditions specified in enquiry

Conception Development Realisation Termination

Conception Reports On
The final price for the product The cost involved in development The project budget Specification of the product including quality and reliability requirements

Conception Development Realisation Termination

Conception
Can it be done?

Yes or No?

Conception Development Realisation Termination

Conception Feasibility
It is possible that we will reject the project!

What are the consequences of:

Too much detail? Insufficient detail?

Development
As the organisation is now committed to the project it must:
Appoint a project manager Assemble project team Draw up a detailed plan of work

Conception Development Realisation Termination

Realisation
A reporting system is required to keep everyone informed:
Team, top management, customers etc.

A log is also kept of problems and how they were resolved

Conception evelopment Realisation Termination

Termination
Uses the project log to evaluate the project and the process and indicate:
The success/failure of methods used How team members performed How reliable suppliers were

Conception evelopment Realisation Termination

Termination
Capital equipment that was used for the project is now likely to be redundant Termination also involves getting rid of such equipment as profitably as possible

Conception evelopment Realisation Termination

Observations
Often the phases of the project will overlap There is often a pause between conception and the other phases It is possible that each phase may be treated as a project in its own right
This might affect continuity of the project

Introduction
What is a project? The project management process

Project management information systems

PM Information Systems
Projects need systems that can collect data in real time concerning the project progress and costs Data analysis and distribution of information must be carried out as rapidly as possible

MS Project Gantt Chart

MS Project Pert Chart

Resource Analysis

Other Software Tools

Project Management Tools Accounting tools
e.g. spreadsheets, invoice generators

Documentation tools
Word processors, report generators

Group work tools

Discussion forums, GDSS

Questions
Is the development of an information system a project?
Explain your answer using information from this lecture

How does the four phase model compare to the waterfall model of software development?

Useful Links
The OGC Project Management Web Site
http://www.ogc.gov.uk/sdtoolkit/reference/deliverylifecycle/impplans/pr oj_mgmt.html

Project Management Software Tools

http://www.project-management-software.org/ http://www.startwright.com/project1.htm

Example Project Definition Document

http://www.surreycc.gov.uk/sccwebsite/sccwspublications.nsf/f2d920e0 15d1183d80256c670041a50b/547330bbc5c2e99f80256c2a0059f4c7/$ FILE/Project%20Definition%20Document.pdf