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    What Is Dynamometer ?

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    Harpreet Randhawa
    A dynamometer is a device that measures mechanical force or power. There are several types including absorption, transmission, and driving dynamometers. Absorption dynamometers measure power by absorbing the engine's entire power output as heat. Transmission dynamometers measure transmitted power without absorbing it. Common absorption dynamometers include rope brake, prony brake, water brake, and eddy current dynamometers. D.C. and A.C. dynamometers can operate as both absorption and transmission dynamometers.

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    What Is Dynamometer ?

    Uploaded by

    Harpreet Randhawa
    3K views28 pages
    A dynamometer is a device that measures mechanical force or power. There are several types including absorption, transmission, and driving dynamometers. Absorption dynamometers measure power by absorbing the engine's entire power output as heat. Transmission dynamometers measure transmitted power without absorbing it. Common absorption dynamometers include rope brake, prony brake, water brake, and eddy current dynamometers. D.C. and A.C. dynamometers can operate as both absorption and transmission dynamometers.

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    A dynamometer is a device that measures mechanical force or power. There are several types including absorption, transmission, and driving dynamometers. Absorption dynamometers measure power by absorbing the engine's entire power output as heat. Transmission dynamometers measure transmitted power without absorbing it. Common absorption dynamometers include rope brake, prony brake, water brake, and eddy current dynamometers. D.C. and A.C. dynamometers can operate as both absorption and transmission dynamometers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3K views28 pages

    What Is Dynamometer ?

    Uploaded by

    Harpreet Randhawa
    A dynamometer is a device that measures mechanical force or power. There are several types including absorption, transmission, and driving dynamometers. Absorption dynamometers measure power by absorbing the engine's entire power output as heat. Transmission dynamometers measure transmitted power without absorbing it. Common absorption dynamometers include rope brake, prony brake, water brake, and eddy current dynamometers. D.C. and A.C. dynamometers can operate as both absorption and transmission dynamometers.

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    What is

    Dynamometer ?
    A dynamometer is an apparatus that measures
    mechanical force i.e. frictional resistance.

    Knowing the frictional resistance, we may


    obtain
    nThe torque transmitted
    nThe power of engine
    Types of
    Dynamometer
    Basic types:
    Absorption Dynamometer
    Transmission Dynamometer
    Driving Dynamometer
    Some Other Types are:
    Water Brake Dynamometer
    Eddy Current Dynamometer
    D.C. Dynamometer
    A.C. Dynamometer
    Absorption
    Dynamometer
     In absorption dynamometer, the entire
    power produced by the engine is absorbed
    by the friction resistances & is transformed
    into heat during the process of
    measurement.

     Good for power systems as they measure


    power of generators, electric motor,
    turbines & engines.
    Types of Absorption
    Dynamometer

    Prony Brake Dynamometer


    Rope Brake Dynamometer
    Inductor Dynamometer
    Rope Brake
    Dynamometer
    It is simplest form of
    absorption
    dynamometer as shown
    in figure;

    A rope is wound round a


    large wheel called brake
    drum pulley coupled to
    the shaft whose power
    is to be measured.
    Explanation
    The rope is attached to a spring balance at one
    end to a deadweight W at the other end.
    The torque is T = (W-S) r
    S = reading of spring balance
    r = the effective radius
    r = (D + d) / 2
    The power is P = 2πNT/60

    Horse power H.P. = 2πN (W – S) r / 735 ҳ 60


    Advantages &
    Disadvantages
    Advantages
    Simple in operation & easy to make
    Suitable for measurement of wide range of
    power
    Steadier in operation & requires no lubrication
    Disadvantages
    Output of driving machine is dissipated as
    heat
    Do not stabilize the speed of machine under
    test as there is no increase in torque with
    Prony Dynamometer
    A rather old device
    like the rope brake for
    the measurement of
    torque and power
    from machines; as
    shown in figure
    Transmission
    Dynamometer
    In transmission dynamometer, principle
    involved is that the power measured being
    transmitted either to or from the
    dynamometer is not absorbed or dissipated.
    The power after measurement is available in
    useful mechanical or electrical form
    Types of Transmission Dynamometer

    Epicyclic – train Dynamometer


    Belt transmission Dynamometer
    Torsion Dynamometer
    Torque measurements on (Transmission
    Dynamometer)
    Water Brake
    Dynamometer
     The schematic shows the most
    common type of water brake, the
    variable level type.

     Water is added until the engine


    is held at a steady rpm against
    the load. Water is then kept at
    that level and replaced by
    constant draining and refilling,
    which is needed to carry away
    the heat created by absorbing
    the horsepower (which in itself is
    a measure of power output of
    the engine). The housing
    attempts to rotate in response to
    the torque produced but is
    restrained by the scale or torque
    metering cell which measures
    the torque.
    Water Brake Dyno
    Setup
    Advantages &
    Disadvantages
    Advantages:
    Low Cost
    Low Inertia
    Disadvantages:
    Difficult to Control
    High Maintenance
    Eddy Current
    Dynamometer
    • The eddy current
    dynamometer shown
    generates electrical currents
    by rotating a disk in a
    magnetic field.
    • The resultant currents are
    dissipated inside the
    machine.
    • An electrical input allows the
    user to dictate the strength
    of the field and thus amount
    of dissipation for a given
    speed.
    Eddy Current Dyno
    Setup
    Advantages &
    Disadvantages

    Advantages
    The speed-torque characteristics make the eddy
    current dynamometer ideal for engine testing, and its
    versatility also allows effective use in testing
    transmissions, turbines, electric motors, gears,
    pumps and many other machines
    Precise Control & Low Maintenance
    Widely accepted in the automotive industry
    Disadvantages
    High Inertia
    Moderate Cost
    D.C. Dynamometer
    D.C. Electric type
    dynamometers so called
    Cradled dynamometer are
    widely used for power &
    torque measurement of IC
    engines & other
    mechanical equipments
    The basic arrangement is
    shown in figure:
    Some facts:
    The D.C. machine can act as both generator
    and motor. Thus , the D.C. machine can act
    both as absorption dynamometer and a
    transmission dynamometer
    When D.C. machine is made to work as a dc
    motor, it acts as driving dynamometer
    D.C. Absorption
    Dynamometer
    Electrical Dynamometer Setup

    (showing engine, torque measurement arrangement and tachometer)


    Explanation
    Fig shows d.c. generator which act as absorption
    dynamometer. The generator is mounted on low
    friction trunnion bearings & is driven by test machine
    (IC engine). The rotation is opposed when load is
    connected to armature circuit of the D.C. machine.
    The power absorbed by the resistive load is
    P = V² / R
    V = the output voltage of
    generator
    R = the resistance of the load
    The resisting torque can be controlled by varying
    either V or R.
    The range of d.c. dynamometer when used as an
    absorption dynamometer is 5000 H.P.
    Advantages &
    Disadvantages
    Advantages:
    Fast Response
    Air Cooled (No water required)
    Line Regenerative
    Disadvantages:
    High Cost (Dynamometer and Power Amplifier)
    High Inertia
    Requires high amperage electrical service
    A.C. Dynamometer
    An AC dynamometer is
    similar to a DC
    dynamometer except it
    uses an AC motor and is
    powered by alternating
    current.
    The important features of
    A.C. Dynamometers
    include fast response,
    flexible control & energy
    conservation since 85 %
    of the energy absorbed is
    returned back to the
    power lines.
    Advantages &
    Disadvantages
    Advantages:
    Very Low Inertia
    Very Fast Response
    Line Regenerative
    Disadvantages:
    High Cost
    Requires high amperage electrical service
    Servo Controlled
    Dynamometer
    In this arrangement an engine of an automobile
    is automatically controlled using D.C.
    dynamometer. Tape recordings of engine torque
    and speed under actual driving conditions are
    utilized to reproduce these conditions in Lab.
    The dynamometer has a load cell which has
    strain gauges. The output of the strain gauges
    bridge is proportional to the actual torque.

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