COMPRESSED AIR PRODUCTION USING VEHICLE SUSPENSOR for PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM with INTELLIGENT BRAKING APPLICATION(SEMIAUTOMATED)

ABSTRACT:
In this project we are collect air from the air cylinder and store this energy to the compressor tank as non-conventional method by simply driving the vehicle. For this project the conversion of the force energy in to COMPRESSED AIR using VEHICLE SUSPENSION ACTION. The control mechanism carries the air cylinder (vehicle suspensor),quick exhaust valve, non-return valve and spring arrangement. The air is compressed in an air cylinder(vehicle suspensor) and from the cylinder the flow medium is transmitted to the pneumatic cylinder through a well laid pipe line system and to develop a control system based an intelligent electrically controlled automotive braking system called as INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM

The word pneuma comes from Greek and means breather wind. The word pneumatics is the study of air movement and its phenomena is derived from the word pneuma. Today pneumatics is mainly understood to means the application of air as a working medium in industry especially the driving and controlling of machines and equipment. Selection of Pneumatics: Mechanization is broadly defined as the replacement of manual effort by mechanical power. Pneumatic is an attractive medium for low cost mechanization particularly for sequential (or) repetitive operations. Many factories and plants already have a compressed air system, which is capable of providing the power (or) energy requirements and the control system (although equally pneumatic control systems may be economic and can be advantageously applied to other forms of power). The main advantage of an all pneumatic system are usually economic and simplicity the latter reducing maintenance to a low level. It can also have out standing advantages in terms of safety.

COMPONENTS AND DESCRIPTION

Frame Arrangement:
This is made up of mild steel. The model frame is made up of mild steel pipe material. These steel pipes are welded to form a frame structure.

Reciprocating compressor:
The cylinder is a Single acting cylinder one, which means that the air pressure operates forward and spring returns backward. Force required for the forward stroke is given by the suspension action. The suspension action is given by the pneumatic cylinder. The compressed air is allowed to flow through the non return valve.

NON-RETURN VALVE: This valve is used to speed up the piston movement and also it acts as an one way restriction valve which means that the air can pass through only one way and it cant return back. By using this valve the time consumption is reduced because of the faster movement of the piston. AIR COLLECTING TANK: The compressed air from the compressor is collected through non return valve by a pipe line system and stored.

Quick exhaust valve : Any excess air in the air tank is flowed out automatically through the quick exhaust valve.

Pu Connectors, Reducer And Hose collar:

In our pneumatic system there are two types of connectors used; one is the hose connector and the other is the reducer. Hose connectors normally comprise an adapter (connector) hose nipple and cap nut. These types of connectors are made up of brass or Aluminum or hardened steel. Reducers are used to provide inter connection between two pipes or hoses of different sizes. They may be fitted straight, tee, V or other configurations. These reducers are made up of gunmetal or other materials like hardened steel etc.

Flow control valve :

This valve acts as an one way restriction valve which means that the air can pass through only one way and it cant return back. A screw is provided to control the flow of air.

Solenoid Valve With Control Unit :

The directional valve is one of the important parts of a pneumatic system. Commonly known as DCV, this valve is used to control the direction of air flow in the pneumatic system. The directional valve does this by changing the position of its internal movable parts

This valve was selected for speedy operation and to reduce the manual effort and also for the modification of the machine into automatic machine by means of using a solenoid valve. A solenoid is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into straight line motion and force. These are also used to operate a mechanical operation which in turn operates the valve mechanism. Solenoids may be push type or pull type. The push type solenoid is one in which the plunger is pushed when the solenoid is energized electrically. The pull type solenoid is one in which the plunger is pulled when the solenoid is energized.

Solenoid plunger:
The Solenoid plunger is the mover mechanism of the solenoid. The plunger is made of steel laminations which are riveted together under high pressure, so that there will be no movement of the lamination with respect to one another. At the top of the plunger a pin hole is placed for making a connection to some device. The solenoid plunger is moved by a magnetic force in one direction and is usually returned by spring action. Solenoid operated valves are usually provided with cover over either the solenoid or the entire valve. This protects the solenoid from dirt and other foreign matter, and protects the actuator. In many applications it is necessary to use explosion proof solenoids.

Pneumatic Cylinder :
The cylinder is a Single acting cylinder one, which means that the air pressure operates forward and spring returns backward. When the solenoid valve is operated by passing current to it compressed air is released into the pneumatic cylinder and the piston is acted forward to operate the brake lever.

Wheel And Braking Arrangement:

The simple wheel and braking arrangement is fixed to the frame stand. Near the brake drum, the pneumatic cylinder piston is fixed.

SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:

It is found to drive the roller shaft which fixed on the end of the frame structure. The free end of the shaft in the motor a large pulley is found around which the belt runs. It is used to run the wheel.

STAND:
This is a supporting frame and made up of mild steel.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

WORKING:
The pushing power is converted into compressed air energy by proper driving arrangement. The Pneumatic single acting cylinder is used for this project. The spring arrangement is fixed at the outside of the pneumatic cylinder. The spring is used to return the inclined L-angle window in same position by releasing the load. The output air from the pneumatic cylinder is collected in air tank through quick exhaust valve and non-return valve. The stored compressed air in the air tank is allowed through the flow control valve to the solenoid valve and to the pneumatic cylinder with help of well laid piping arrangement.

Solenoid is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into straight line motion and force. Here it is used to operate a mechanical operation which in turn operates the valve mechanism. Thus the solenoid valve regulates the flow of compressed air to the pneumatic cylinder connected to the braking lever which operates the brake whenever the solenoid valve is operated by means of a switch.

ADVANTAGES:

No need of fuel input . Free from wear adjustment. Less power consumption. Less skill technicians is sufficient to operate. Installation is simplified very much. To avoid other burnable interactions viz. (Diaphragm) is not used. Less time and more profit. Load on crank shaft of engine can be reduced in automobile application.

CONCLUSION
Thus we have developed an COMPRESSED AIR PRODUCTION FROM VEHICLE SUSPENSOR FOR PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM WITH INTELLIGENT BRAKING APPLICATION (SEMI-AUTOMATED) which helps to know how to achieve low cost automation. The application of pneumatics produces smooth operation. By using more techniques, they can be modified and developed according to the applications.

THANK YOU. . .
K.Akesh Babu P.Naveen Nischal K.S.Vinay

Under guidance of: Asst.prof. Ms S.Swetha Radha