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What is Information Communication Technology ?

Processing of data via computer Using the technologies from computing, electronics, and telecommunications To process and distribute information in digital and other forms.

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Information and communication technology

Information and communication(s) technology (ICT) is a broad subject concerned with technology and other aspects of managing and processing information, especially in large organizations. In particular, IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and retrieve information.

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What is ICT?
Tools used in creation, processing, transfer and sharing of information Divided into: traditional&
Drum Phone Radio

Modern ICT
Video, TV Computer, Internet/E-mail Fax, cell phone Video conferencing

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A computer is an intellectual amplifier that perform above operations in a more faster, accurate and efficient way.

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Importance of ICT
ICT have many opportunities... Making learning more interesting especially for hard-to-understand issues Bridging distances e.g using e-mails, phone, video conferencing etc. Breaking literacy barriers in communication e.g using video and radio. Research and useful Information sharing e.g using Internet

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Importance of ICT contd

Access information on jobs/internships Creation of new employment opportunities (via ICTs/with ICTs) Enhance interaction with peers over long distances Create entertainment opportunities (games, music,video)

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Importance of ICT contd

Provide more realistic information on life elsewhere Provide educational information (distance learning) Provide health information, including on sensitive issues

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To use Computer as a tool for ICT, it has Some special characteristics.

Characteristic of Computers
Speed A computer can do mathematical operations move and copy documents at a speed in the order of million or billion instructions per second.

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Characteristic of Computers cont

Reliability Computer output is generally very reliable subject to the conditions that the input data is correct and the program instructions should be reliable and correct.
( Garbage In Garbage Out- GIGO )

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Characteristic of Computers cont

Storage capability As various computer media can store millions of characters of data in a condensed form, there is a tremendous saving in the storage area required to maintain the vital records necessary in a business environment.

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Characteristic of Computers cont

Accuracy Computers are very accurate. They can perform their millions of operations with great accuracy as their circuits have no mechanical parts to wear and malfunction.

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Present Role of ICT in Economy

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Astronomy

Word Processing

Presentation

Store Data

Computer

Medicine

Television Drawing

Calculation

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Present Role of ICT in Economy

Education Learning Teaching Educational administration Eg. Computer Assisted Learning ( CAL )

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Education Cont Computer Assisted School Administration

This involves the use of IT to automate activities in school administration such as keeping records of students, examination results, normal office work, communication with other schools via e-mail etc. .

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Accounting and Banking

IT is used to automate manual accounting systems such as general ledger, sales and purchases, stock control ( with point of sales terminal connected to stock data base ) In banking the use of Automatic Teller Machine is a useful application of IT.

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Transportation
IT is used in transportation by railways and airlines for reservation of seats, control of traffic and maintaining timetables of vehicles and duties of crew. It is used all fields of air traffic. Every air craft has a small computer fitted to help pilots in various ways.

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Medicine
In hospitals special computers are built inside different equipment. For example CAT scanners ( Computer Axial Tomography ) Further maintenance of patients records in electronic databases enhances service provided to them.

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Engineering
Engineers use IT to prepare drawings of machines, tools, bridges, buildings etc. ( Computer Assisted Drawing- CAD ). Also computers are used to control manufacture of items. ( Computer Assisted Manufacture ). The use of Robots in industries is another example.

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Engineering

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Defense & Security

IT is very useful in tracking down of criminals by maintenance of their databases. In warfare computers are used to guide missiles.

Present Role of ICT in Economy cont

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Entertainment
This basically covers video games, music and movies played back by computers with multimedia facilities. Special purpose computers are used in modern house hold appliances like washing machines, microwave ovens, television sets and video cassette players etc