Surface Drainage
Uploaded by
Gelbert SilotSurface Drainage
Uploaded by
Gelbert SilotPavementDrainage
RationalMethodFormula
CI A
Q
Z
=
Q=discharge(ft
3
/sorm
3
/s)
C=runoffcoefficient
I=rainfallintensity(in/hr ormm/hr)
A=drainagearea(acresorhectares)
Z=conversionfactor(1forEnglish,360formetric)
RunoffCoefficients
Source:AASHTOModelDrainageManual(2005)
SelectedHydrologicSoilGroupingsandSlopeRanges
(forPerviousSurfaces)
Figure6.2
SoilGroups
RunoffCoefficients
Source:AASHTOModelDrainageManual(2005)
Figure6.2
(forSelectedLandUses)
RunoffCoefficients
Source:AASHTOModelDrainageManual(2005)
Figure6.2
(forImperviousSurfaces)
RainfallIntensity
I=rainfallintensity(in/hr ormm/hr)
P
d
=depthofrainfall(inormm)
T
c
=timeofconcentration(hr)
d
c
P
I
T
=
TimeofConcentration
Source:AASHTOModelDrainageManual(2005)
Figure6.3
1
2
3
14
Figure6.4
SuggestedReturnPeriods
1
2
SurfaceDrainage
Ponding
SheetFlow
RollingProfile
Source:TDOTDrainageManual(2010)
PavementCrossSlope
1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5%
C
L
PorousFrictionCourse
PorousFrictionCourse
Source:http://bradeck.net/research
PorousFrictionCourse
Source:http://www.rubberpavements.org/Videos.html
ManningsEquation
2 1
3 2
K
Q S R A
n
=
Q=flowcapacity(ft
3
/sorm
3
/s)
K=conversionfactor(1.4859forEnglishor1formetric)
n=Manningsroughnesscoefficient
S=channelslope(ft/ft orm/m)
R=hydraulicradius(ft orm)
A=crosssectionalareaofflow(ft
2
orm
2
)
DesignSpread
GutterDesign(UniformSlope)
Source:FHWADrainageManual(2010)
ManningsEquation
5 8 1
3 3 2
x
z
Q S S T
n
=
z=conversionfactor(0.56forEnglishor0.377formetric)
S
x
=transverseslope(ft/ft orm/m)
T=spread(ft orm)
Figure6.6
1
2
3
ManningsEquation
5 8 1
3 3 2
n x
Q zS S T =
n
Q
Q
n
=
(dependsonlyongeometry)
(incorporatesroughness)
RoughnessCoefficients
VShapedGutterCrossSections
x1 x2
x
x1 x2
S S
S
S S
=
+
CompoundCrossSections
S
w
S
x
T
T
s
W
Q
w
Q
s
Shoulder / Parking Lane Gutter Driving Lane
CompoundCrossSections
S
w
S
x
T
T
s
W
Q
w
Q
s
Gutter
5 8 1
3 3 2
s x s
z
Q S S T
n
=
FrontalFlowandSideFlow
Source:TDOTDrainageManual(2010)
Pavement
(Q
w
)
(Q
s
)
GutterEfficiency
1
w x
8
w 3
w x
o
S S
1
Q
S S
E
1
Q
1
T
1
W
(
+
(
= = | |
(
+
|
(
|
\ .
FrontalFlowandSideFlow
s
o
Q
Q
1 E
=
5 8 1
3 3 2
s x s
z
Q S S T
n
=
(Manningsequationforsideflowalone)
(Totalflowasafunctionofgutterefficiency)
GutterEfficiency
1
2
Figure6.8
S
w
/S
x
1
2
3
5
4
InletDesign
GrateInlet
CurbInlet
CurbInlet
InletSpacing
Source:TDOTDrainageManual(2010)
CombinationInlet
SlottedDrainInlet
Source:TDOTDrainageManual(2010)
InletSpacing
Source:TDOTDrainageManual(2010)
L L
2
L
2
InletSpacingFormula
t
10,000Q
L
0.0028Ci W
=
L=distanceoffirst inletfromcrest(m)
Q
t
=maximumallowablegutterflow(m
3
/s)
C=compositerunoffcoefficientfordrainagearea
i =rainfallintensity(mm/hr)
W=widthofcontributingdrainagearea(m)
InletSpacingFormula
t
43,560Q
L
Ci W
=
L=distanceoffirstinletfromcrest(ft)
Q
t
=maximumallowablegutterflow(ft
3
/s)
C=compositerunoffcoefficientfordrainagearea
i =rainfallintensity(in/hr)
W=widthofcontributingdrainagearea(ft)
Example
InletSpacingFormula
t o
2
10,000QE
L
0.0028Ci W
=
L
2
=distancetosubsequentinlets(m)
Q
t
=maximumallowableflow(m
3
/s)
E
o
=captureefficiency
C=compositerunoffcoefficientfordrainagearea
i =rainfallintensity(mm/hr)
W=widthofcontributingdrainagearea(m)
