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Notes 8.2

1. The document discusses using proportions to solve geometry problems and real-life problems. It provides examples of using properties of proportions to determine if statements are true, find missing lengths, and solve word problems. 2. One example finds the length of a line segment using proportions. Another example finds the geometric mean of two numbers. 3. The final example uses a proportion to determine the width of a photo when its length is reduced for a yearbook.

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99 views

Notes 8.2

1. The document discusses using proportions to solve geometry problems and real-life problems. It provides examples of using properties of proportions to determine if statements are true, find missing lengths, and solve word problems. 2. One example finds the length of a line segment using proportions. Another example finds the geometric mean of two numbers. 3. The final example uses a proportion to determine the width of a photo when its length is reduced for a yearbook.

Uploaded by

Cjjgrubbs
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mtgnt_08 trans wk bk 11/3/03 3:43 PM Page 167

8.2 Problem Solving in Geometry


with Proportions
Goals p Use properties of proportions.
p Use proportions to solve real-life problems.

VOCABULARY

Geometric mean The geometric mean of two positive


a x
numbers a and b is the positive number x such that   ,
x b
or x  兹a
苶.pb

ADDITIONAL PROPERTIES OF PROPORTIONS


a c a b
3. If    , then    .
b d c d

a c ab c  d
4. If    , then   .
b d b d

Example 1 Using Properties of Proportions


Tell whether the statement is true.
v w v5 w5
If   , then   .
5 9 5 9
Solution
v w
   Given
5 9
v 5 w 9 a c aⴙ b cⴙ d
 If  ⴝ , then ⴝ .
5 9 b d b d

w 9 w5
Because  , the conclusions are
9 9
not equivalent .
Answer The statement is false .

Lesson 8.2 • Geometry Notetaking Guide 167


Mtgnt_08 trans wk bk 11/3/03 3:43 PM Page 168

Example 2 Using Properties of Proportions


HJ GK
In the diagram   . Find the length of &*.
GK
JL KL
Solution H
6
J
HJ GK
   Given. 12
JL KL
x
6 x
  Substitute. G K 10 L
12 10
12 x  60 Cross product property
x 5 Divide each side by 12 .
Answer So, the length of &*
GK is 5 .

Example 3 Using a Geometric Mean


The two buildings shown have the same
width-to-length ratio. The distance labeled
210 m
x is the geometric mean of 105 m and x
210 m. Find the value of x.
105 m x
Solution

105 x
 Write proportion.
x 210
x2  105 p 210 Cross product property
x  兹105
苶210p苶 Simplify.
x  兹105
苶105p 苶2
p苶 Factor.
x  105 兹2
苶 Simplify.
Answer The geometric mean of 105 and 210 is 105 兹2 苶, or about
148 . So, the distance labeled x in the diagram is about 148 m.

168 Geometry Notetaking Guide • Chapter 8


Mtgnt_08 trans wk bk 11/3/03 3:43 PM Page 169

Checkpoint Complete the following exercises.

m n m 7
1. Tell whether the statement is true: If   , then   .
7 11 n 11
True
ST WX
2. In the diagram,   . Find ST.
TV VW V
2 8 9 21
10 T W
3
x

S X

3. Find the geometric mean of 54 and 192.


苶
72兹2

Example 4 Solving a Proportion


You have a 10-by-8 inch photo of
the school band that must be
8 in.
reduced to a length of 5.5 inches x
for the school yearbook. What is
the width of the reduced photo? 10 in. 5.5 in.

Solution
Verbal Length of original Width of original
  
Model Length of reduced Width of reduced

Labels Length of original photo  10 (inches)


Length of reduced photo  5.5 (inches)
Width of original photo  8 (inches)
Width of reduced photo  x (inches)

10 8
Reasoning   Substitute.
5.5 x
10 x  8 ( 5.5 ) Cross product property
x  4.4 Use a calculator.
Answer So, the reduced photo has a width of 4.4 inches.

Lesson 8.2 • Geometry Notetaking Guide 169

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