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Principle of Operation and Function of Fault Passage Indicator (FPI)

FPI uses a split core CT wrapped around cables to detect earth faults by monitoring flux imbalances. Under normal operation, fluxes from the three phases cancel out, but a fault on one phase creates a net flux that induces a voltage to activate the indicator. When a fault occurs between substations X and Y, the FPIs from A to X will glow while the one at Y will not, allowing field personnel to identify the faulty section between the glowing and non-glowing FPIs without trial and error testing. This reduces stress on equipment and increases its lifetime.

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357 views

Principle of Operation and Function of Fault Passage Indicator (FPI)

FPI uses a split core CT wrapped around cables to detect earth faults by monitoring flux imbalances. Under normal operation, fluxes from the three phases cancel out, but a fault on one phase creates a net flux that induces a voltage to activate the indicator. When a fault occurs between substations X and Y, the FPIs from A to X will glow while the one at Y will not, allowing field personnel to identify the faulty section between the glowing and non-glowing FPIs without trial and error testing. This reduces stress on equipment and increases its lifetime.

Uploaded by

santoshkalantri
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principle of operation and function of Fault Passage Indicator (FPI): FPI is generally effective in detecting earth faults.

It consists of a sensor - split core CT (CBCT) and indicator. Split core CT is wrapped around the cable under observation. CBCT works on summated flux principle. Under normal conditions, fluxes produced by three phase currents IR, IY and IB add to zero. In case of earth fault on one phase, there is a net flux and voltage is induced on secondary and is used to drive the indicator showing cable fault indication.

When earth fault occurs between section X and Y, FPIs in substations from A to X will glow but FPI at substation Y will not glow. The fault is in the section between glowing FPI (at X) and non-glowing FPI (at Y). The field personnel can narrow down the faulty section after observing the status of FPIs. This avoids trial end error method of locating the faulty section reducing unnecessary test charges. The stress on the equipment is less since closing on to fault is eliminated. This increases the life of the equipment.

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