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Specific Gravity Formulas

The document discusses calculations for specific gravity and bulk specific gravity according to ASTM C127. It defines apparent specific gravity as the ratio of the oven-dry mass of a sample to the mass of water equal to its net volume. Bulk specific gravity at SSD is the ratio of the SSD mass to the mass of water equal to the gross volume, including pores. Bulk specific gravity OD is the ratio of the oven-dry mass to the mass of water equal to the gross volume. Formulas are provided for calculating each value based on measurements of a sample's masses in air, in water, and saturated surface dry.

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74 views1 page

Specific Gravity Formulas

The document discusses calculations for specific gravity and bulk specific gravity according to ASTM C127. It defines apparent specific gravity as the ratio of the oven-dry mass of a sample to the mass of water equal to its net volume. Bulk specific gravity at SSD is the ratio of the SSD mass to the mass of water equal to the gross volume, including pores. Bulk specific gravity OD is the ratio of the oven-dry mass to the mass of water equal to the gross volume. Formulas are provided for calculating each value based on measurements of a sample's masses in air, in water, and saturated surface dry.

Uploaded by

rrj44
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SpecificGravity(RelativeDensity)Calculations ThefollowingvaluesarerecordedaspartofASTMC127: A=massofovendrytestsampleinair,g B=ofsaturatedsurfacedrytestsampleinair,g C=apparentmassofsaturatedtestsampleinwater,g According to the principle of buoyancy, the apparent mass of the aggregate particles

suspended in water(C)isequaltotheirovendrymassinair(A)lessthemassofwatertheydisplacewhensubmerged. Thelatteristheproductofthemassdensityofwater(w)andthenetvolumeoftheaggregateparticles (i.e.,thevolumeoftheaggregateparticlesexcludingtheirpermeablepores),so C=AwVnet AC=wVnet

The apparent specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the mass of the particles to the mass of a volume ofwaterequaltothenetvolumeoftheparticles,sotheapparentspecificgravitycanbecalculatedas:
Gapp A A w Vnet A C

whichistheformulagivenintheASTMspecification. The SSD mass of the particles (B) is equal to their ovendry mass (A) plus the mass of water needed to completely fill their pores. The latter is the product of the mass density of water and the volume of the permeablepores,so B=A+wVpore BA=wVpore

The bulk specific gravity (SSD) is defined as the ratio of the SSD mass of the particles to the mass of a volume of water equal to the gross volume of the particles (i.e., the volume including the permeable pores),so
SSD Gbulk

B B B B w Vgross w Vnet w Vpores A C B A B C

whichistheformulagivenintheASTMspecification. Finally, the bulk specific gravity (OD) is the ratio of the ovendry mass of the particles to the mass of a volumeofwaterequaltothegrossvolumeoftheparticles:
OD Gbulk

A A A A w Vgross w Vnet w Vpores A C B A B C

which,again,istheformulagivenintheASTMspecification.

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